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Cdy)imopimh/r\
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Jk kdatt's nrn\ jituttnT^ritr* "Mir-
UlXi
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^
LIFE OF BISHOP HACKET.
AN ACCOUNT
OF THE
LIFE AND DEATH
OP
THE RIGHT REVEREND FATHER IN GOD,
JOHN HACKET,
LATB
iLorH l5i{igo{> of ILicgftelti attii CoHtntvp*
PUBLISHED Br THOMAS PLUME^ D.D,
AND EDITBDy WITH LARGB ADDITIONS AND COPIOUS NOTES,
BY
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, B.D.,
OP XXmi COLLZGI, OXFORD ; r.R.8.L., P.8.A., r.R.S.N.A. ; PRACXNTOR
AND PRIBINDART OP CHICHISTIR CATRXDSALJI MXMBuCORR.
SOC. FRAN9. D*ARCRROL., AND 80C. DX8 AMTiq. V^
NORMAMDXX, XTC. I
I ft
LONDON :
Printed by Andrew Clark for Robert Scott^
in Little Britain^ MDCLXXV.
REPRINTED BY J. MASTERS, .ALDERSQATE STREET,
AND NEW BOND STREET.
1865.
r?
LONDON:
PUMTXD BY J. MA8TEBS AND SON,
AUVaSCATS STSXST.
\
TO TK*
RIGHT REV. WALTER KERR HAMILTON, D.D.,
LORD BIIHOF OF SALIIBI7RY, AND PSOTINCIAL PRACBNTOR OF CANTERBURY,
THE rOLLOWlMO FAttSS
WITH HIS FXRMIIIIOIC
ARE ZNICBIBBD.
^oMiM^t, /&***-^' ^1 ^**^ VUUtScHf
PREFACE.
I HE Church of England is unhappily
deficient in ecclefiaftical biographies.
The four lives written by Izaak Wal-
ton, and the excellent collection
made by Dr. Wordfworth, are claf-
flcs in the language, and when we have added Fell's
Hammond, Nelfon's Bull, Heylin's Laud, Dr. Pope's
Seth Ward, Hacket's Archbifhop Williams, Lowth's
Wykeham, and Mr. Anderdon's BiJhop Ken, the
lift is well nigh exhaufted, with the exception of
brief notices in funeral fermons. The Memoir of
Bifhop Hacket by Dr. Plume* is therefore of great
■ged fcienty-bur, No*, to, 1704, and wu buried in Longfidd cbuwi-
jttd. (Liprcombc'iBodu, 1. 34,aM> >731 "■ 4^-) ^' bccameac-
quinted wich Hacket at Cheam, and to him tbc Bilhap~bequeithed
,£10, "befidei two Tolnmn oTlcrEnooi, the one bound In ted velni,
■nd the other in gnen niTEt ;" Irom which Pluine pablillKd the
•
viii Pre/ace.
value; the fubjeft of his fimple narrative was a
diftinguiihed prelate educated at Weftminfter, and
Trjnity College, Cambridge, the Reftor of a con-
iiderable London parifh, and the reftorer of Lich-
field Cathedral ; a man of a large heart, catholic
devotion, and a fteadfeft fon of the EngliiQi Church.
Unfortunately this biography has become fcarce and
expenfive, and being bound up with a Century of
his Sermons, in a huge folio of 1 013 pages, appears
in* a cumberfome and unattra6Kve form. I truft
therefore now that it is offered in a portable volume
at a moderate price, it may prove acceptable to a
very wide clafs of readers.
I have been enabled after careful refearch in the
Bodleian and Britifh Mufeum, in the Herald's Col-
lege, the Will Office, the regiflers of S. Andrew's,
Holborn, and the muniments of Trinity College,
Cambridge, and inquiry at Lichfield, to gain many
new particulars of interefl, relating to his perfonal
Centuty of Sennons to which the account of the Life »nd Death of
the Author was prefixed. From it the memoirs in the fbllowiqg
books have been drawn, without any attempt to fupplement it with
further infbrmadon. Biographia Britannica; Britifh Biography, iv.
4i9~&x ; Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, ii. 44 ; Willis* and aUo
Brittoo*s Cathedrals, under lichfield; Chriftian ConCblations, 1840;
Church of England Mag. xiii. 254; and Wood*s Athene Ozonicnies.
Fafti, ii. 368, iv. 822-6.
^ March 16, 1667. I have made promife of the next prebend that
fltfdl be ^oid, if I live (b long^ to Mr. Plume, of Greenwich, who
buys all books for me, and hath traniaded aU bufineiis £ot me at Lon-
don ever fince I was Bifliop, and he is of great merit.** TTanner MS.
xliv. ib. 108.)
.1^
Preface. * ix
hiftory and works ; whilft extrads from his letters
at Cheam and Lichfield throw light on his amiable
charadter. The more important additions have been
incorporated within b^i^ckets in the text, which has
*
for convenience been brokenjup into fe£lions*w The
references of Plunie were mb^ carelefHy made, and
hare now been for the mofl *part veiified or cor-
re6ted, but fome are beyond hope of recpy ery ; notes
have been alfo added to thi^ names of perfons inci-*
dentally mentioned, and ihort illuflrations given of
cufloms, incidents, and places which Or. Plume
had left obfcu^e. The work has been a labour of
love and even relaxation amidfl fevere ftudies which
required clofe and exa£ting toil, and I part from it ^
with fincere regret. ,
Dr. Plume mentions that Hacket preached on
eighty occaflons before the three Kings, J^mes I.^
Charles I. and 11. His fermons muft have proved .
moft attradive, being full of pungent epigrami^tiq
fentences, delicate and refined wit, quaint but Chaf-
tened huBioii«v daffical and hiflorical anecdotes,
allufion to &bles, and redolent of long ftudy and
care in compofition. He gives many curious illuf-
trations of the habits of the period, the ^^ interchange
of the fafhion of their drefs" by the fexes (Sermons,
838) ; the cuflomary oaths and filthy language of
the gallants (852) j " the great myflery of cookery,
the wanton aromatical ambergris diet" (857); the
dinner at noon (858) ; the multiplication of taverns
(880) and the confumption of 300 cups of wine for
one fpentwhen he was a child1f4;^;y^iiiefomi«irly
a' pbyfic, become an ardinary drink (^8* ) ; the prefix
of an anatomy before the almanac fftfcr) ; Ae pur-
chaie of the favour of the judges (840) ; the unroof-^
ing of the chancels to be thatched with ftraw, or
their a£tual converfion into ftables or kitchens
(8jig86)i We can imagine the tellhig effed in thofe
out>-fpoken times of his comparifon of the rebel Par-"
Uamfcnt to a long council of ferpents, like the fkiil
of the monfter of Bagrada remaining when the body
was mortified and hung up in the fenate houfe ; or
his invedive againft the ** rattle-fnakes of the new
plantations, their railings and inve£tives under the
tone of whinings and lamentations" 4 ^9 ^ ) ' Such
an outburft of plain fpeaking as the following muft
have told upon his audience after the Reftoration,
'' What fay our leeche^<^> the rotting of h^fes d>l^ee
ycai^ogether in^ftiDlesand paftupe^ ft^Jung?
but oblei^rant^iZfJnftians not^jarlt began J(^p^n the
jades tlj^ir^^re ftabled;i#f^th^^ood)jr cathel^
c\\iMf^of S. r9ul"«(^^). ite«MMMM the con-
demnation of ^' outlandifh fafhions, where there is
no decent face of a church, no air of devotion, no
folemn liturgy to employ the time in, but continual
preaching and ravening after fermons"-(^43). The
people in London were negligent in doing re-
verence at the Name of Jesus, and ufually came
to church only in the afternoon ** ffarong with fweet
finells, in vain attire, tricked up in paint," ( j8 y ) ;
and children were catechized m Lent, (^^ $ the
Preface. xi
fervices in cathedrals were .then .at leaft an hour
longer than in pariih churchQ$>'(7«f^; the people
on feftiyals frequente4 ;games9 and iports, and inter-
llideS) . the. fields being fiill^ and the Lord's Houfe
f^mp^, .(699)^ and ^very luxuriojus feaft had the
)»enedi£tion of a preacher^s pains before it (^^a)*
But the real and intrinfic charm of his fermons
lies not in their play of fancy, their native eloquence,
their racy and occafional rieh poetical element,
but in the fervour, eeal, and perfuaiivenefs of the
preacher, the tender expoftulation, die affisddonalie
l^raming, the cheering, kindly tone that pervxcks all
his addreiles. Religion with him was one of gen-
tlenefs, truth, charity, fobriety,! and ^th working by
love. Some of the choicer pafTages have been
fele£ted to form an Appendix, and to many thefe
will not form the leaft welcome portion of this little
book, which I heartily truft may be one both of
pleafure and profit to the reader.
Hacket's churchmanfhip was of the type of
Herbert, Ferne, Duport, and Creyghton, neither
inclined to Puritanifm nor Romanizing. He could
ufe the language of the Biihops in i66i, — "The
Church hath been careful to put nothing into
the liturgy but that which is either evidently the
Word of God, or what hath been generally re-
ceived in the Catholic Church. It was the wif-
dom of our Reformers to draw up fuch a liturgy as
neither Romanift nor Proteftant could juftly except
againft." In his will he folemnly profefTes his ardent
xii Prefaci.
attachment to the Church of England, and touch-
ingly entreats his children to exhibit loyalty towards
her. In his letters he difplays fcholarfhip, playful
hiunour, found fenfe, and an afFe&ionate temper.
As an ecclefiaflic, there can be no doubt of his
powers, his addrefs, the extent of his acquirements^
or the greatnefs of his labours. He is one of the
mofl illuffaious Bifhops of the great Caroline age.
To his diocefe his ilame is a rich legacy, and his
life a noble lefTon. Every b& recorded of him
redounds to his honour. Learning, flmplicity, zeal,
and perfeverance were the attributes of his chara&er.
He was, and is an honour to the Church of Eng*
land, long may his virtues find imitators within her
pale.
AN ACCOUNT
LIFE AND DEATH
JOHN HACKET, D.D.,
rORD BISHOP OP LICHFIELD AND
iiHE fon of Sirach, a renowned preacher
in his generation, has given us coun-
fcl to " commend famous men, and
our fathers of whom we are be-
gotten," (Ecclus. xiiv. I,) and in
the clofe of his excellent book has
prcfented us with a Urgecatalogueof them, together
with an encomium of their actions, "whofe remem-
brance," (lays he) " is fweet as honey in all mouths
and pleafant as mufic at a banquet of wine."
S. Paul has direflly imitated the fon of Sirach,
and enumerated many ancient heroes, not without a
due commemoration ; and farther given us a pre-
cept, "To remember our governors," (Heb, xiii.
7)) Of guides in the Chriftian (aith, holy bifliops
and, martyrs after their death, as appears plainly by
the following words, *' whofe faith follow, confider-
ing the end of their converfation,"
Accordingly in the primitive times the Bifliops of
2 Life of Bijhop Hacket.
Rome took care that the lives and aftions of all
holy men and martyrs efpecially ihould be recorded j
for this purpofe public Notaries were appointed by
S. Clement, fay fome, though Platina^ firft afcribes
their inftitution to Anterus j^ whofe records were
far more large than the prefent Roman Martyrology,
or that of Bede and Ufuardus,' or the Menologue
of the Greeks, which for the moft part contain only
the names and deaths of the martyrs ; but thofe
were a narrative of their whole lives and doctrines
and fpeeches at large, their * AvlpayoAiiiMLTei, famous
afts and fufferings for the Chriftian Faith ; which
were alfo read fometimes in their religious afiemblies
for the encouragement of others, and are faid to
have converted many to the Chriftian Faith.* But
thefe long fince periflied through the malice and
cruelty of Diocletian, in thofe fires which confumed
their bodies and their books together.
Afterwards, when Chriftian religion reflouriflied,
the Chriftian Church refumed thefe ftudies again.
S. Ambrofe^ did right to the memory of Theodofius,
Paulinus to S. Ambrofe, Nazianzen^ to Athanafius,^
^ In vita, p. 33, Ed. Rycaut, London, 1685.
' Anterus, Biihop of Rome } he fucceeded 237. He ordered the
adh of Martyrs to be recorded. (Collier.)
3 Ufuardus, a Benedidline of the end of the 9th century, author of
a Martyrology. (HoflFman, iv. 712.)
* S. Aug. de Civ. Dei, lib. xxii. c. 8, et alibi. Comp. Serm. xii. de
Sanctis ; de diverfis S. 45, 63, loi, 102, 103, 105, xo6; Leo M.
Serm. de Machab. ; Eufeb. H. £. iv. 15 j v. 4.
* S. Ambrofe, born c. 340 at Treves; Archbifliop of Milan, 374;
died 397, and was buried there. Paulinus was his fecretary. The
Emperor Theodofius I. died 395.
® Gregory of Nazianzum in Cappadocia, the friend of S. Bafil, on
whom he preached an able funeral Sermon ; Biihop of Safima, died
389 ; he has been called the Poet and Theologian of the Eaftern
Church. Gregory of NyfTa wrote the life of GregorV|of Neoczfarea
ThaumaturguJ i^— — 1— ^^i,^ ■.,,i^^
7 S. Athanafius, furnamed Apoftolicus, born at Alexandria c. 296 ;
Bi(hop of Alexandria, 326 ; died 373 ; buried at Venice.
IntroduSlory Remarks, 3
S. Jerome^ to Nepotian, Poffidonius to S. Auftin,^
Amphilochius to S. Bafil,^ S. Jerome* and Gen-
nadius wrote of all Ecclefiaftical writers and illuftri-
ous men in the Chriftian Church from the beginning
of it to their own times. And after all thefe there
wanted not martyrologers and writers of lives, but
fuch as perhaps we had better have wanted than en-
joyed their writings, infomuch that a great lieutenant
under the Papal Standard^ durft affirm that the
ftories of the heathen captains and philofophers were
more excellently written than of Christ's own
Apoftles and Martyrs: for thofe were done fo
notably that they were like to live for ever, whereas
the lives of many faints in the Chriftian Church
were fo corruptly and fliameftiUy penned that they
could no way advantage the. reader; fo that at this
day we have two things to bewail, not only that we
have loft the true reports of the Primitive Chriftians,
but likewife that the lives of the faints we have re-
maining have not been written by faints and true men,
but by liars who have ftuffed their faftidious writ-
ings with fo many prodigious tales as are more apt
^ S. Jerome^ born c. 340, a native of Pannonia, fecretary to P.
DamafuSy died 420, at Bethlehem. Nepotian, an Italian prieft, his
friend, to whom he wrote a letter on the duties of clergy. (Moreri,
vi.47.)
3 S. Auguftine, bom atTagafte, 354: Coadjutor, 395 ; Bifliop, 396,
of Hippo ; died 430, is buried at Payia. Poffidonius was Bifliop of
Calama ; he became coadjutor to his mafter till his death. (Moreri,
vii. 327.)
3 S. Bafil, born at Caefarea, 326 ; Bifliop of that fee, 370 ; died 379.
Amphilochius, Archbifliop of Iconium, 374 ; one of the great defenders
of the Catholic Faith, the. friend of S. Bafil and Nazianzen ; died c.
400. (Moreri, i. 381.)
* S. Jerome, [fee Walchius, iii. 383, 635, 724,] and for Gennadius,
Bifliop of Marseilles in the 5th century, ibid. 383, and Moreri, Iv. 73.
^ M. Canus, Loc. Theol. lib. xi. c. 6, ed. 1605. A Dominican
and *• the learned Bifliop of the Canaries," as Jeremy Taylor calls
him, born at Tarragona, died at Toledo, 1560. (Moreri, ii. 84.)
4 Lift of Bijhop Hacket.
to beget infidelity than faith, and all honeft and
judicious men are aihamed and grieved to read
them.
For my own part I intend not in this tumultuary
hafte to write an abfolute life of our biihop, or
recollect all his adlions praifeworthy, but only for
fatisfa6lion of fome importunate friends, to reprefent
quaedam a^foftvijftoyet/ra, (bme few memoirs and
pafTages of his life, which I have received from his
Lordfhip's mofl intimate acquaintance, and for the
mofl part from his own reports ; Tecum etenim
longos memini confumere foles!^ and in them am
refolved to facrifice to truth and not to afFe£tion, to
the glory of God and not to human fame;^ to
write nothing falfe or fidlitious, nor things true in
a hyperbolical and flaunting manner, as in a pane-
gyric, but only a breviary of his mofl aftive and
induflrious lire, where the truth fhall be recited
without falfe ideas and reprefentations, and his Lord-
fhip made to appear what really he was, both in his
Divine virtues and human paflions.
And though I am likely to do all this with very
fmall acumen and judgment, yet I hope with true
zeal and fincere afredlion to tne glory of God, and
honour of the Church of England; the members of
which Church have been reputed of all others the
flackefl to celebrate their own worthies, partly, I
conceive, from the humility and modefly of their
principles and education, partly from the great
multitude of incomparable fcholars therein to be
commemorated, that fuch labours would be almofl
infinite. For which reafon the Diptychs^ of the
^ Virg. Eel. '' Saepe ego longot Cantando puerum memini me
condere folet.*' Eel. ix. 51, a.
' S. Bern, in vita S. Malachiae. He fays, '' Sand narrationis Veritas
fecura apud me eft,** etc. (Migne, Patrol, clxxxi. Praef. p. ii 14.)
* Church regiften, fo called from being folded together, mentioned
IntroduSfory Remarks. 5
Ancient Church were likewife laid afide when
religion was fettled and Chriftians grew numerous.
But yet if the divines of the Church of England
lived elfewhere we may well conjedlure what books
the world fhould have had of their learning and
piety; for who fees not the many volumes or lives
daily publiihed by others, wherein ample com-
mendations are given to idlenefs, popularity, and
very ordinary defervings. After an impartial reading
thereof I cannot but think that our own Church
has far better fubje£ls and matter to write upon if
we that furvive wanted not ability or afFe£tion to
maintain our own caufe, and publiih the merits of
our departed worthies to the world.
Therefore out of emulation partly, and " fhame
from a foolifh nation," (Rom. x. 19,) as S. Paul
fays, but much more out of a profound fenfe of the
duty I owe to the memory of this renowned prelate,
ana moft of all out of hope of ftimulating pofterity
to the imitation of the virtues of better times, I
have taken care to give the world this account of
our author, and not to permit his books to be buried
as it were, in the grave with his body, mortal and
immortal to defcend together into the &me land of
oblivion.
[2.] Though it be no real prerogative, but an
accidental and contingent thing, how we are bom
after the flefh, yet it is commendable to fearch into
the beginning and caufes of fuch things as we would
thoroughly know, and therefore the extract and
parentage of learned and great men is ufually in-
quired after in the firft place.
John Hacket was born in the pariih of S. Mar-
tin's in the Strand, near Exeter Houfe, upon Sep-
firom the 4th century downwards, containing names of the living and .
dead who had died in full communion with the Church. &'«e^' I^aif/KMi
6 Life of Bijhop Racket.
tember i, 1592, in the happy reign of Queen
Elizabeth, of honeft and virtuous parents, and of
good reputation in that place, his father^ being then
a fenior burgefs of Weftminfter, and afterwards
belonging to the robes of Prince Henry, defcended
from an ancient family in Scotland, which retains
the name to this day. His father and mother were
both true Proteftants, great lovers of the Church of
England, conftant repairers to the Divine prayers
and Service thereof, and would often bewail to their
young fon after the coming in of their countrymen
with King James the feed of fanaticifm then laid in
the fcandalous negle£t of the public liturgy, which
all the Queen's time was exceedingly frequented,
the people then reforting as devoutly to Prayers as
they would afterwards to hear any /amous preacher
about the town; and his aged Parents often ob-
ferved to him that religion towards God, juftice
and love amongft neighbours, gradually declined
with the difufe of our public prayer.
In our Biihop's opinion parentage alone added
little to any man, no more than if we fhould com-
mend the ftock of a tree when we cannot commend
the fruit, Mirari in trunco quod in fmSbx non teneas,^
who held that the glory of our forefethers reflefted
upon us, was but color intentionalis, like the
fparkling colour of wine upon fair linen, or as the
fea-green and purple in the rainbow, which are not
real colours, but mere ihadows and refledlions ; and
that never was pedigree fb well fet out as that of
1 Andrew Hacket, of Putferin, N.B. [Ath. Oxon. iv. 826.]
Hacket bore arg. paly of three fa. on a chief gu. a lion pafs. gard. or.
creft a falcoi>/^
ThcB^. W. G. Humphrey, Vicar of S. Martinis, informs me
thaL/lJ^ only entry ftands thus, *'Baptifmus 1592, Septebris 3, bap-
dotus fuit Joannes Hackett.**
f « S. Hier.
6. His father was a tailor, and died 1621 ; he left to his two
Iters, Elizabeth and Mary, ^loo each, and to his only fon, Tohni
jbje^i of this memoir, his dwelling houfe and chattels. (5. Dale.)
His birth and parentage, 7
Noah, *' Thefe are the generations of Noah, Noah
was a juft man," &c., (Gen. vi. 9.) And in like
manner our Bleffed Saviour commends His fore-
runner John Baptift not fo much for his honour-
able defcent and miraculous conception, as for his
pious and laborious miniftry in turning many to
righteoufnefs, (S. Luke i. 16, 17; S. Matt. xi.
II, 12.) This was agreeable to our Bifhop's mind
in comparifon whereof he little valued all other
titles of honour.
But in his difcourfe he would often give God
thanks for the place he was born in, viz., that he
wa3 born an £ngli0iman, and efpecially in the city
of London. He was indeed a great lover of his
own nation, little England as he would term it, the
(wecteft fpot of all the earth, and fay that the City
of London was 'EXKoig 'E\hahg, the very England
of England, urbs urbium, and wifh the country
were a little more fprinkled with her flour ; for in
bis travels he had difcerned in places remote a
northern rigour and churlifhnefs among our villages,
wanting that fouthern fleeknefs that was ufually
found in cities and great towns, the metropolis
efpecially. And though there is no place but has
in ipme age been enlightened with fome famous
luminary ; the prophet Jonas was born in Galilee,^
** out of which," faid the Pharifees, '' there arifes
no prophet," (S. John vii. 52 ;) yet withal it was
obferved in Scythia there was never born but one
philofopher,^ but in Athens all were fuch : fo in all
parts of England there have been learned men born,
but in London innumerable j and therefore once in
a plea(ant difcourfe between him and a learned
friend, who were reckoning up the country where
* Uflicr's Ann. p. 54. ' Anacharfia,
6 Life of Bijhop Hacket.
tember i, 1592, in the happy reign of Queen
Elizabeth, of honeft and virtuous parents, and of
good reputation in that place, his father^ being then
a fenior burgefs of Weftminfter, and afterwards
belonging to the robes of Prince Henry, defcended
from an ancient family in Scotland, which retains
the name to this day. His father and mother were
both true Proteflants, great lovers of the Church of
England, conflant repairers to the Divine prayers
and Service thereof, and would often bewail to their
young fon after the coming in of their countrymen
with King James the feed of fanaticifm then laid in
the fcandalous negleft of the public liturgy, which
all the Queen's time was exceedingly frequented,
the people then reforting as devoutly to Prayers as
they would afterwards to hear any /amous preacher
about the town; and his aged Parents often ob-
ferved to him that religion towards God, juftice
and love amongfl neighbours, gradually declined
with the difufe of our public prayer.
In our Bifhop's opinion parentage alone added
little to any man, no more than if we fhould com-
mend the llock of a tree when we cannot commend
the fruit, Mirari in trunco quod in fru£lu non teneas,^
who held that the glory of our forefathers reflefted
upon us, was but color intentionalis, like the
fparkling colour of wine upon fair linen, or as the
fea-green and purple in the rainbow, which are not
real colours, but mere ihadows and refledUons ; and
that never was pedigree fb well fet out as that of
' Andrew Hacket, of Putferin, N.B. [Ath. Oxon. iv. 826.]
Hacket bore arg. paly of three ia. on a chief gu. a lion pais. gard. or.
creft a ^coi>/^
ThcB^. W. G. Humphrey, Vicar of S. Martinis, informs me
\t only entry ftands thus, '' Baptifmus 1592, Septebris 3, bap-
fuit Joannes Hackett.**
* S. Hier.
^ 6. His father was a tailor, and died 1621 ; he left to his two
ughters, Elizabeth and Mary, iC '^^ each, and to his only fon, John,
e fubje^ of this memoir, his dwelling houfe and chattels. (5. Dale.)
His birth and parentage. 7
Noah, ** Thefe are the generations of Noah, Noah
was a juft man,'* &c., (Gen. vi. 9.) And in like
manner our BlefTed Saviour commends His fore-
runner John Baptift not fo much for his honour-
able defcent and miraculous conception, as for his
pious and laborious miniftry in turning many to
righteoufhefs, (S. Luke i. 16, 17; S. Matt. xi.
II, 12.) This was agreeable to our Bifliop's mind
in comparifon whereof he little valued all other
titles of honour.
But in his difcourfe he would often give God
thanks for the place he was born in, viz., that he
wa3 born an Englifhman, and efpecially in the city
of London. He was indeed a great lover of his
own nation, little England as he would term it, the
fweeteft fpot of all the earth, and fay that the City
of London was 'EhKoig 'E^XaSoj, the very England
of England, urbs urbium, and wifh the country
were a little more fprinkled with her flour ; for in
bis travels he had difcerned in places remote a
northern rigour and churlifhnefs among our villages,
wanting that fouthern fleeknefs that was ufually
found in cities and great towns, the metropolis
efpecially. And though there is no place but has
in ipme age been enlightened with fome famous
luminary ; the prophet Jonas was born in Galilee,^
** out of which," faid the Pharifees, '' there arifes
no prophet," (S. John vii. 52 ;) yet withal it was
obferved in Scythia there was never born but one
philofopher,^ but in Athens all were fuch : fo in all
parts of England there have been learned men born,
but in London innumerable ^ and therefore once in
a pleaiant difcourfe between him and a learned
friend, who were reckoning up the country where
^ Uflier*s Ann. p. 54. ' Anacharfis.
6 Life of Bijhop Hacket.
tember i, 1592, in the happy reign of Queen
Elizabeth, of honeft and virtuous parents, and of
good reputation in that place, his father^ being then
a fenior burgefs of Weftminfter, and afterwards
belonging to the robes of Prince Henry, defcended
from an ancient family in Scotland, which retains
the name to this day. His father and mother were
both true Proteftants, great lovers of the Church of
England, conftant repairers to the Divine prayers
and Service thereof, and would often bewail to their
young fon after the coming in of their countrymen
with King James the feed of fanaticifm then laid in
the fcandalous negle£t of the public liturgy, which
all the Queen's time was exceedingly fi"equented,
the people then reforting as devoutly to Prayers as
they would afterwards to hear any /amous preacher
about the town; and his aged Parents often ob-
ferved to him that religion towards God, juftice
and love amongft neighbours, gradually declined
with the difufe of our public prayer.
In our Biihop's opinion parentage alone added
little to any man, no more than if we (hould com-
mend the llock of a tree when we cannot commend
the fruit, Mirari in trunco quod in fru£lu non teneas,^
who held that the glory of our forefathers reflefted
upon us, was but color intentionalis, like the
fparkling colour of wine upon fair linen, or as the
fea-green and purple in the rainbow, which are not
real colours, but mere fhadows and reflections ; and
that never was pedigree fo well fet out as that of
' Andrew Hacket, of Putferin, N.B. [Ath. Oxon. iv. 826.]
Hacket bore arg. paly of three fa. on a chief gu. a lion pafs. gard. or.
creft a falcoi>/^
The&e^. W. G. Humphrey, Vicar of S. Martinis, informs me
^ only entry ftands thus, '* Baptifmus 1592, Septebris 39 bap-
fuit Joannes Hackett/*
s S. Hier.
*. 6. His father was a tailor, and died 1621 ; he left to his two
"aughters, Elizabeth and Mary, ^'oo each, and to his only fon, Tohny
le fubje^ of this memoir, his dwelling houfe and chattels. (5. Dale.)
His birth and parentage, 7
Noah, *' Thefe are the generations of Noah, Noah
was a juft man," &c., (Gen. vi. 9.) And in like
manner our Bleffed Saviour commends His fore-
runner John Baptift not (o much for his honour-
able defcent and miraculous conception, as for his
pious and laborious miniftry in turning many to
righteoufnefs, (S. Luke i. 16, 17; S. Matt. xi.
II, 12.) This was agreeable to our Bifliop's mind
in comparifon whereof he little valued all other
titles of honour.
But in his difcourfe he would often give Gob
thanks for the place he was born in, viz., that he
wa3 born an Engliihman, and efpecially in the city
of London. He was indeed a great lover of his
own nation, little England as he would term it, the
fweeteft fpot of all the earth, and fay that the City
of London was 'EkKoig 'E^Xa^o^, the very England
of England, urbs urbium, and wifh the country
were a little more fprinkled with her flour ; for in
bis travels he had difcerned in places remote a
northern rigour and churlifhnefs among our villages,
wanting that fouthern fleeknefs that was ufually
found in cities and great towns, the metropolis
efpecially. And though there is no place but has
in ipme age been enlightened with fome famous
luminary ; the prophet Jonas was born in Galilee,^
** out of which," faid the Pharifees, '' there arifes
no prophet," (S. John vii. 52 5) yet withal it was
obferved in Scythia there was never born but one
philofopher,^ but in Athens all were fuch : fo in all
parts of England there have been learned men born,
but in London innumerable 5 and therefore once in
a pleaiant difcourfe between him and a learned
friend, who were reckoning up the country where
^ Uflier*s Ann. p. 54. ' Anacharfis.
8 Life of Bijhop Racket.
many fcholars were born, and could not prefendy
tell what countryman Mr. L.^ was, the Biihop
merrily faid, "As the Rabbins believed whenever
any great prophet was named, in Scripture, and the
place of his birth not named, that it was in Jerufa-
lem ; fo he would take it for granted, by the like
parity of reafon, fince Mr. L.*s country was un-
known, he muft needs be bom in London."
Yet in his judgment it was but a fmall luftre
likewife that the place where any man was teemed
could caft upon him, but he ought rather to give
luftre to it ; for places did not conciliate honour to
men, but men to places, and that little Hippo was
more ennobled by great S. Auftin than great S.
Auftin by little Hippo. And therefore he never
rejoiced io much for the city or country wherein he
was born as for the Church's fake wherein he was
baptized and born again, which of all others to Kis
dying day he moft loved and admired, and accord-
ingly he would often render hearty thanks to GoD
that his birth and breeding was in a reformed
Church, and of all others the moft prudent and
exaft according to the dodrine of Holy Scripture
and the primitive pattern, that would neither con-
tinue in the fulfome fuperftitions of the Roman
Church, nor in reforming be borne down with the
violent torrent as fome others were.
But from thefe leffer circumftances of his birth
let us therefore proceed to thofe of his education
and breeding, which are far greater, and do efpecially
make the difference between one man and another,
for whereas all by nature are born alike of the fame
corrupt materials, education only, like the hand or
wheel of the potter, makes us to differ, and become
vefTels of honour or difhonour. Our birth from
l/U^deiJiu^ Education at JVeftmnfter. fnaufL J> QJt^^u^
U^^aJU^ kfutH^ ^. (Tec >Srt<(AlL95tJMi4ii]tt>a^
the womb is not as the dew of the mornmg, feir tTtuAii]
and pleafant, but tainted like the unwholefome
vapours of the night with the ftench of iniquity,
whereby all youth has a great inclination to vice
and finfiil pleafure, and confequently that age is
generally the moft riotous and carnal part of our
life; but in him it happened quite otherwife, for
by the providence of his pious parents and vigilance
of a ftrid fchoolmafter he was well principled and
ftriftly difciplined betimes.
[3.] His wife parents were extremely careful of
him, for he was TtjAwyero^ xal jxoSvo^, the only fon and
ftaff of both their ages, in whom all their hopes
were repofed. Omnis in Afcanio chari ftat cura
parentis j^ and having received him in their old age
from G0D5 they were refolved in his early youth to
devote him to God again, and therefore never fuf-
fered him to lofe any time, but being very fmall and
young, entered him into the King's School at Weft-
minfter, where from his tender years he acquired
a habit of rifing betimes, and conftant ftudy ; all
the day lone he was attended with the eye of a
diligent mafter, and at night fufficiently tafked
when he went home, and never permitted to know
what idlenefs or vanity was by his own leifure or
experience.
His mafter, obferving his great propenfity to
learning, would often foretell that there would be
nothing infuperable to his good parts and great
diligence withal, and that with thofe two wings
(Eu^ufoe ^viTsoos KoA tnrouSi^ frpooupia'e(o$j as John,
Patriarch of Conftantinople faid of Damafcen^) the
young Eaglet would in time foar very high.
Of this fchool he would fpeak with the greateft
refpeiSl poilible, that it was Mufarum domicilium, ^
» Virg. Mn. I. [646.] « In vita. •
10 Life ofBiJhop Hacket.
virtutis oiEcina, nobile doftrinae et pietatis ao-xij-
TYiptov, the moft famous nurfery of learning and
learned men who did excel in all vocations, more
fruitful than Ibzan that had thirty fons and thirty
daughters, (Judges xii. 9,) or than Solomon's happy
parent, who lived to beget a hundred children,
(Eccles. vi. 3 ;) being of opinion that more learned
fcholars had been bred at Weftminfter School fince
the foundation thereof, than in any other feminary
of learning in England or elfewhere ; that one
fchool furnifhing two entire colleges of great fize
in Cambridge and Oxon, befides whom it does
fend to other places by way of fuperfetation.^
A perpetual gratitude he bore to Mr. Ireland,^
his fchoolmafter, and would bewail that generally
throughout England no better ftipends were allowed
to that profeffion, than which none was more
neceflary in a commonwealth, and yet in moft
places it was fo flightly provided for that it was
undertaken out of necei&ty, and only as a ftep to
other preferment.
In this fchool he firft became known to the in-
comparable Bifhop Andrewes,^ who, being then
^ Among Hacket*s contemporaries at Weftminfter were B. Duppa,
afterwards Biihop of Winchefter ; and H. King, of Chichefter ; John
King, public orator ; Meetlcerke, Hebrew Profeflbr at Oxford ; N.
Grey, Mafter of Eton ; Beale, Mafter of S. John's, Cambridge j
Creighton, afterwards Bifhop of Bath and Wells ; and H. Thorndike :
and at Trinity College, Palmer, the Greek fcholar; Chauncy, Head
of Harward College ; Duport ; Bifhop Feme ; Randolph, the poet ;
Archbifhop Sterne ; Abraham Whelock ; Sir T. Herbert ; Pell, the
mathematician, and feyeral others of note.
' Richard Ireland, Head Mafter, 1599-1610; Student of Chrift
Church, 1587. His flatutable itipend was £iz ; <fiMMllMA^^|fe^^ad
for commons, £$. is. 8d. (Alum. Weftm. 60.)^ fee LaudjHKs,"iv. 31^.
B Lancelot Andrewes, S.T.P., M. A. OxfoVd, 1581 ; bornlh^mmes r
Street, London ; educated at Merchant Taylors* School ; Scholar of
Pembroke Hall, 1 571; Fellow of Jefus College, 1579; Mafler of
Pembroke Hall, 1589; Chaplain to Sir F. Walfingham, Queen
He proceeds to Cambridge, 1 1
Dean of Weftminfter, in the neceflary abfence of
the Mafter, would fometimes come into the fchool
and teach the boys. There that learned and pious
Bifhop firft took notice of this young fcholar for his
great diligence, modefty, pregnancy of parts, ftrong
inclination to learning and virtue, which he after-
wards conftantly cherifhed both at School and Uni-
verfity to his death. On the other fide, our young
fcholar ever revered this great perfon in loco parentum^
often retired to him for advice in his ftudies, and
ever iionoured him as S. Cyprian did TertuUian,
tanquam magijlrum.
To tell how well he pafled the circuit of that
fchool, I need fay no more but what his Mafter
Ireland faid, at parting, to him and George Herbert,^
who went from thence to Trinity College, in Cam-
bridge, by eleftion together. That he expefted to
have credit by them two at the Univerfity, or would
never hope for it afterwards by any while he lived :
and added withal, that he need give them no counfel
to follow their books, but rather to ftudy mode-
rately, and ufe exercife ; their parts being fo good,
that if they were careful not to impair their health
by too much ftudy, they would not fail to arrive to
tne top of learning in any art or fcience.
Elizabeth, and Archbifliop Whitglft; Re£lor of Cheam, 1609$ S.
Giles, Cripplegate; Canon of Weftminfter, 1598; Southwell, 1589$
S. Paufs, 1589$ Dean of Weftminfter, 1601 ; Chapel Royal, 1689$
P. C. Lord Almoner, 1605 ; Confecrated to Chichefter, 1605 ;
Tranflated to Ely, 1609; to Winchefter, 1619 ; died at Winchefter
Houfe, South wark, 1626 ; buried in S. Mary*8, Orery. His works
have been publiihed in the Anglo-Catholic Library.
^ George Herbert, born 1593, at Montgomery Caftle; A.M.,
16^5 ; Public Orator, Cambridge, 1619 ; Prebendary of Line, 1619 ;
Redbor of Bemerton, 1630; died 1633, and is buried there. He is
author of "The Temple," "Sacred Poems," &c, (Alum. Weftm.
78.) «* The Sweet and Saintly Singer of the Temple."
&r6UAfl^X- \J
12 Life ofBiJhop Hacket.
[4.] The courtefy of his eleftion^ he ever would
acknowledge to Dr. Nevil,^ the moft magnificent
Mafter of Trinity College, and Dean of Canterbury,
to whom when his father (though unacquainted)
prefumed to addrefs on behalf of his fon, he pre-
fently bid him fpare further fpeaking to any one, for
that boy fhould go to Cambridge, or he would carry
him upon his own back. So he was removed to
Trinity College in 1608, the day before Dr. Play-
fer's funeral,^ where he firfl faw and heard the mofl
eloquent Mr. Williams, then Fellow of S. John's,
afterwards Lord Keeper, who made the funeral
oration for him in S. Mary's, the fecond day he
wore a purple gown.*
Oftentimes would our good Bifhop, like Plato,
give great thanks to God that he was not bred
among rude and barbarous people, but among civil
and learned Athenians ; that he was not difpofed of
to fome monkifb (bciety, or ignorant cloifter, but
\» 1^^ et^cd^'^cNMnity CoWc wftk Wt^^Wi Shirley,
y p- 76.) \
«• ^ s Thomas Neville, born at Canterbury ; Fellow of Pembroke Hall,
*^^t^^*^nU Cambridge, 1570; Mafter of Magdalen College, 158a; of Trinity
fU^HCf &Ut College, 1593; Vice-Chancellor, 1588; Redor of Doddington,
U4 (ui oUrfi^ Teyeriham, Charton, and Barnack, 1587-90$ Prebendary of Ely,
K Sjt/i^v^^iUK '^^^ Queen*8 Chaplain, 1587; Dean of Peterborough, 1590; and
CputGm^ *. Canterbury, 1597. The eighth Mafter of Trinity College, he expended
^^^^ L^ktjjJ(Ml^£h^^^^ of hiaown in altering and enlarging the old^and adding anew
?^^ "« court thereunto. (Fuller's Hift. of Cam., p. 236.)^ He died May 2,
C|J»*M\M1?**J * 1615, and is buried at Canterbury.
f%i|« I//aAXUmh< Thomas Harrifon, one of the Tranflators of the Bible, wu Vice-
p ^ iL 2.4^1 Mafter, 1612-28, and was honoured with a public funeral at his death.
' ' J (Delchampe*s Harrifonua Honoratus.) Hacket fpeaks of him as
pientiffimus Vice-Magifter. (SloaneMS. 1701, fo. I94«)
« Thomas Playfere, S.T.P., Fellow of S. John's College, and Mar-
garet Profelfor $ he died i6of, and was buried in S. Botolph's, Cam-
bridge. (Fuller's Hift. of Cam. 299, 300.]^
^ The purple gown is worn by undergraduates of Trinity College.
The Rev. H. R. Luard, the Regiftzar, informs me that he matriculated
asj)enfioner, April 10, 1609.
His Contemporaries at Cambridge. 13
to the Greece of Greece itfelf, the moft learned and
Royal Society of Trinity College,^ which in that
and all other ages fince the foundation equalled any
other college in Europe for plenty of incomparable
Divines, rhilofophers, and Orators. He would
often make mention of his learned tutor, Dr. Simfon,^
that wrote the Church Hiftory 5 Dr. Cumber,' a
freat critic; Dr. Richardfon,* Regius Profeflbr; Dr.
fevil, a very fplendid and fumptuous governor;
the great Hebrician and Chronologer, Mr. Lively,*
^ Among the members of Trinity College at the end of the i6th
and beginning of the 17th century were ftatefmen, fuch aa Lord Bacon
and Sir R. Naunton ; courders and gentlemen, fuch as Sir T. Her-
bert, the Marquis of Exeter, the Earl of ElTex, Sir R. Fiimer, and
Peachem, the author of << The Complete Gentleman ;** antiquarians,
as Sir R. Cotton, and Sir H. Spelman ; lawyers, as Sir £. Colce ; and .• ^^
phyficians, as Dr. Philemon Holland. In 1618 there were 2998 jCf^^'^^fW
ftudents in the Univeriity. (Scot's Tables, quoted by Fuller.) Cole j Sci^^^^
thus mentions his appointment, ''John Hackett, Soc. Min., 16 14; /
Maj., 1615; Sublet. 3. 15. (al. 609, fo. 260 b.) MS. 5846, fo. /
132." An anceftor of my own was appointed Fellow in 161 1, Johr)^ • ^
V/alcott. (Ibid. 233.) / kAjJ^^^
« Edward Simfon, S.T.P., bom at Tottenham, educated at We^- C^^ JmJh
-28;.vRcaJofyiK^^^^
Eaftling, 1617; Pluckley, 1628 ; Prebendary of Lincoln, 1628 ; "/who Ma^^S'C***
minfter. Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1602-28
hath wrote a large hiftury, the mythological part whereof is moft excel-
lent,** (Fuller;) author of the " Chronicon Catl\plicum.** , (Granger, X. b. I80<
Alum. Weftm. 65, 66; Ath. Oxon. iii. 1261.) JlUltJ^ Htif' fij (eUul. 3ek .
' Thomas Comber, "the twelfth Mafter of this houfe, 16 31, of
whom the moft learned Morinus makes honourable mention,** (Fuller,
p. 238;) born at Shermanbury, SulTex, 1575; educated at Horiham
School ; Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge, 1636 ; Chaplain to the King,
Kedlor of Worplefdon, 1615 ; he died 1653, and is buried in Trinity
College Chapel, Cambridge. (Alum. Weftm. 20. MS. Notes of
C. H. and T. Cooper, F.S.A. Kennet MS. Lans. 985, fo. 196.)
* John Richardfon, B.D., 1592; S.T. P., Fellow of Emmanuel ;
Regius Profeflbr of Divinity, 1607-17; Mafter of Peterhoufe, 1608,
and Trinity College, May 27, 16 15; Vice-Chancellor, 16x7; one of
(Fuller;) Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1572J one of the g^J^^uid)*
Tranflators of the Bible, Hebrew Profeflbr at Cambridge ; collated to \^^7T\P\
the fecond ftall at Peterborough, June 21, 1602 ; Re^or of Purleigh^ I r' ^^J
A
14 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
one of the tranflators of the Bible ; the famous and
moft memorable Dr. Whitgift,^ fometime Mafter,
afterwards Archbifliop of Canterbury, and affert it
was almoft impoffible for any man to continue ig-
norant under the advantage of fo great examples,
and influence of fuch incomparable inflru£):ors.
Here our young fcholar was quickly taken notice
of by the feniors for his many fingular parts of wit,
memory, fkill in philofophy, fubtilty in difputation.
excellent knowledge in the Greek and Latin tongues
efpecially, great fobriety of life, integrity of man-
ners, conflant diligence at his book, no day nor
hour palling without turning over fome hiflorian,
orator, or poet, fo that his tutor was forced rather
to reflrain than to incite him to his fludy, and would
advife him every morning to walk fo many turns ;
yet he would confefs fometimes he felt the fleepy
humour upon himfelf; but then his conftant rule
was, whenever he found himfelf doubtful, whether
to fludy or loiter, in that indifpofition to choofe the
better part.^
The firfl proofs he gave of his ability in logic,
«* I • 1 1604; died April, 1605, and was buried in S. Edward's Church,
)X^Ji iM-^pftA^" teambridge. Hackctin a letter, MS. Sloane, fo. 194, fays that Cafau-
. {iJtU^. **'''V***ip<>n *n*^ Rainolds held hi m in the higheft hon oui^ (flc ' C alf o Life of
ttlCtil'M / ii' ^ ^^^^***««»>- ^*"95 lOfl Atll. Uanr'ii. 407,"5«,4; B.Willis, Cath. iii.
flltWtl rr^r* * John Whitgift, born at Great Crimiby, educated at S. Anthony's
4/q'I School; Fellow of Peterhoufe, 1555; Mafter of Pembroke Hall,
f^S^i 1567; Trinity College, Cambridge, 1567; Vice- Chancellor, 1571
)^ and 1574; Lady Margaret Profeifor, 1563; Regius ProfeflTor of Di-
vinity, 1567; Redlor of Teverfliam, Prol. of Convocation, 1572;
Chaplain to the Queen, Canon of Ely, 1568 ; Lincoln, 1572; Dean
of Lincoln, 1571; confecrated to Worcefter, 1577; P. C 1585;
tranflated to Canterbury, 1583; Founder of Croydon Hofpital. He
crowned Tames L, 1603 ; he died at Lambeth, 1604, and is buried
there. His laft words were « Pro ecclefia Dei."
' The following account of College Life, 1618-20, is derived from
the Diary of D*£wes. (Parker, 1851.) Each Student had a cham-
ber-fellow in his rooms ; the ufual dinner hour was 1 1 a.m., but an
Filkw if Trmi) Cilligi. ■ S
philofophy, and oratory, were fo much above the
common fort, that his preferment was foon preiagea
in that Society, which he obtained by his own
merits, without the intercelTion of friends to noiit
or heave him up. He was chofen Fellow ol tne
College as foon as he became capable by virtue oi
his iiril degree, and afterwards grew into that creoii,
that he had many pupils, and of many of the oeit
. families of gentry in England. , . ...
One moMh in the ling vacation, retiring with
his pupil, aferwards LorS Byron,' into Nottmg-
' t" :■','<.-'.» ir; '^■. « .„ i.Hi* i.«.,. w^
iM J;j i . J ■*■ ding during a period of
JV~v L^ "• *V1 ,. The freflimen h»il to
lull when the
J — jowfti, „ 1^— own, Bfci t —.ail- •«""
rAi*--'^^^^^ 'i'^- ,
?^6i«» ^ ■■» iSiSr?^^* ,nda6 ftudies *=« lopc.
ifti moftly of pro«ifant
.. „ ^^linaleindrtferredforthe
' » lbtifl« ■ a ^*» ^.v rhe M«p«l Profcffiw,
^^"■wBi. % Sunt *?',*' Qjfi,; ^."^
i. i5i>'*'*^SSrj'« i*' ^ by anderg»du.t« ft=rp-
f . f ^"•"•'■WEt?* ed fiiftoty, the Faety Qu«n
J'''"— '■VU^****tiwa J religiot:. world wJl divided
iZ;„ t^e''^«'C£jfc-i«.t„ i ,i^Ath.iil.,•.nd ipo«.
w„e pe™l«ed on ^'.^^.f^^^lO^^nn^ ooly «. allowed on
FridavCwhile <hc Pr^-.tUaW' "*?^Ox&.d Tert« fil.g.wa, the
li«n(ed and too ofwncoarft ];«««. he Comit...
I John, fiift Lord B)r«.n, i6« i A.M., Cambridge, i6.8 J "a gal-
■ lint petfon, a ami «'«, » tnoW, veiy ftout, full of honour ind
eoortefy." (Ufc of WilllMM.."- p. iii.) M.P. for Nottingham,
K.B., b-C-L. Oxfoti, l64» 1 Li^awnint of the Tower, 164I ; the
gillant Ca-valltt General who contributed mainly to the viflory of
Roundway Down, by hia brilliant csTilty cha^, 1643, He died in
France, 1651. (Colling vii. p. 100-107.)
1 6 Life of Bijhop Racket.
hamfhire for frelh air, there, in abfence from all
books, and having no other more ferious ftudies, he
made '' Loyola,"^ which needs no other commenda-
tion than to remember that it was twice afted be-
fore King James, and what an ingenious pen fays
in a Prologue,
<< You muft not here expe^ to-day
Leander, Lab]rrinth, or Loyola.**
After his return to the College from this diver-
fion, he began to fet himfelf wholly to the ftudy of
Divinity, being egregioufly (killed in the preparatory
learning of logic, phyfic, metaphyfics, and ethics,
with which he had moft largely informed his mind,
and adorned his foul ; and then as dyers having
dipped their filks in colours of lefs value, do after-
wards give them the laft tinfture of crimfon in
grain, fo our young fcholar having given his mind a
large dip of fecular arts and fciences, became more
fit for Divine fpeculations ; therefore, though but a
very young man, his firft Sermons at S. Mary's,
and at the Vicarage of Trumpington, (which he
held with his Fellowfhip,) were fo Angular and like
^ King James vifited Cambridge, March, x6if, again in May of
the fame year, in x62f, and 1624. In 1602 "The Return to Par-
nafTus,** waa a£led at S. John*8 College. (Cooper*s Annals, 618, 9.)
In 16 14, ''Ignoramus** was one of four plays reprefented in Trinity
College Hall before the King and aooo perfons. *<Loiola,** a Latin
comedy a£ted Feb. 28, 1622, was publiihed in London, 1648, 8vo.
(Ath. Oxon. iy. 826. )X Cowley, the Poet, wrote a play to be a^ed in
the fame Hall, and t|ve other poet-fellows of the collegiate ftage were
Brooke, Tomkis, liawkfworth, T. Vincent, Stubbe, and Randolph.
When James L;il!fited Cambridge in 16 14, an enadtment was made
againft the wolnng by the ftudents of '< ftrange peccadivelas, yaft bands,
large cufli^Koe-rofes, tufts, locks and tops of hair ;** (Cooper, iii. 68,
69 ;] a^oin 1607 againft night getters, keepers of greyhounds, drunk-
enno<Cand taking of tobacco. (23-8, 24-6.) Corporal puniihment
Q^cholars was then not uncommon. In 1619, Hacket wrote fome
/LaAn yerfes on the death of Queen Anne.
'nielceiKbiiidatAmftcniam, andtbtciftof tbt cha«
nften it gfyen ia the Trinity CoUege MS.
He receives Holy Orders. 1 7
himfelf, that (as the learned Bifhop Creighton^ told
me) the eyes of the whole Univerfity were caft
upon him as a ftar that would be as bright as any
in the conftellation beflde.
[5.] He received his Holy Orders by the hands f ^\Ajc^
of John King,^ Bifhop of London, in December
[22], i6i8. This good Bifhop had a Angular
affedion and kindnefs for him, which he exprefTed
upon all occafions ; once by accident his Lordfhip
paiTed through S. Paul's Cathedral, where old Mr.
Hacket was walking, (as the cuflom then was,^)
his gentleman who attended him, whifpered to his
Lordfhip, that the goodly old man, who was walk-
ing there, was young Mr. Hacket's father, of Tri-
nity College, in Cambridge. The Bifhop there-
upon beckoned him to come to him, and gave him
joy of his hopeful fon at Trinity College, and bid
him when he wrote commend him likewife to him,
and let him know in due time he would be a means
to bring them two together again. So the matchlefs
Andrews, that great rewarder of all learning and
worth, would oftentimes fend him commendations,
and counfel, and money to buy books, fometimes
^ Robert Creighton, born at Dunkeld, educated at Weftminfter ;
Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1613 ; Public Orator, 1627;
Regius Profeflbr of Greek, 1625; Treafurer and Canon of Wells,
1632 ; Lincoln, 1632 ; Dean of S. Burian's, Chaplain to Charles II. ;
confecrated to Bath, 1670$ died, 1672, and is buried at Wells. (Ken-
net MS. Lanfd. 986, fo. 148.) On July 6, 16x6, he was incorporated
M. A. of Oxford. (Fafti A. O. f. a. 1616.)
3 John King, D.D., 16029 ^'^ ^^ Wamhall, educated at Weftmin-
fter ; Student of Chrift Church, 1576 ; Chaplain in Ordinary to Arch-
biihop Piers and L. K. Egerton, Rector of S. Andrew*s, Holbom,
'597 » ^* Anne and Agnes, London, 1580$ Prebendary of S. Paul's,
'599 > Lincoln, 16 10; Archdeacon of Nottingham, 15QOJ Dean of
Chnft Church, 1605; Vice-Chancellor, 1607-10; ConL to London,
Sep. 8, 161 1. He died 162 1, and was buried in S. PaulY (Wal-
cott*t Bi(hopi of London.) , /.
s See mv Cathedrals of the United Kingdom, under S. Paul's, hw «^
l8 • Lifi of Btjhop HackeU
ten pieces at a time. Bat &bove all odiers lie was
taken :notice of by that renowned Prdate,, Jc^n
WiUiam&>^ Dean of Weftminefter, and Lord Keqier
of the Great Seal of En^and^ 1621, a Prelate of
kicomparable (earning and knowledge, not onljr in
divinity and tongues, but in all laws, civil, canon^
and common, who prefently, upon his receiving the
Seal, fent for Mr. Hacket, of Trinity College, and
admitted hind to be his Chaplain, whom of all his
Chaplains he ever moft loved and efteem^d. And
on the other fide our Bijthop would to his laft breatii
acknowledge die Biihop of Lincoln to be the moft
happy inftrument of Divine Providence that made
him known to the world, and to his death bore a
moft grateful memory to his great deferts and dig-
nity, notwithftanding all his eclipfes and iknders
caft upon him»
[" He called me," writes Hacket, " from Cam-
bridge in the year before he was inftalled Dean of
Weftminfter, to the houfe of his dear coufin, Mr.
Elwis Wyin, in Chancery Lane, a clerk of the
petty bag; there he moved his queftions to me
about the difcipline of Dr. Andrewes. I told him
how ftrift that excellent man was to charge all
mafters that they jQiould give us leflbns out of none
. * John WiUiams, S.T.P., born at Conway, educated at Weftmin-
fter; Fellow of S. John^s, Cambridge, 1603 \ Chaplain to L. C. £ger-
ton and the King; Re^or of Llanvair, 1597; I>oddinghurft, 1601 ;
Grafton, 161 1; Waldegrave, 16 14; Prebendary of Hereford, 16 12;
Lincoln, 1613$ Peterborough, i6i6j Praec. of Uncoln, 1613 ; Arch-
deacon of Caermarthen, 1612; Lord Keeper, 1621; Mafter of the
Savoy, Dean of Salilbury, 161 9; Weftminfter, 1620$ confecrated to
Lincoln, 1621; tranflated to York, 1641; died at Gladden, 16501,
buried at Llandegai. Williams preferred no le(s than eleven members
. of Trinity College in the Cathedral and Diocefe of Lincoln, including
. WA^'' G. Herbert, Dr. Simfon,.Creighton, Ferne,|Duport^cattergoodpWil-
y^JlfsiUf^)/ liamfon, andnThorndikJ. (Hacket'a Life^ Williams, pt. ii., p. 42.
fv 4]^ y/* Thorndike*s Serv. of Gok c. iv. § 5,)
\^f^'
Chaplain to the Lord Keeper. 19
but the moft clailical authors; that he did often /j
fupply the place both of head fchoolmafter and M
u&er for the fpace of the whole week together, and '
gave us not an hour of loitering time from morning
to night. How he caufed our exercifes in profe and j
verie to be brought to him to examine our ftyle and
proficiency, that he never walked to Chefwick for
his recreation without a brace of the young fry, and
in that wayfaring leifure had a fingular dexterinr ^•| k§4
to fill thefe narrow vefTels with a funnel, and whicn | ^ f J >«
was the greatefl burden of his toil. Sometimes thrice |i C "^ g 2
a week, fometimes oftener, he fent for the upper- •''JSg'g
mofl fcholars to his lodgings at night, and kept them ^^K I g ^
with him from 8 to 11, unfolding to them the he& i ^t^l
rudiments of the Greek tongue, and the elements K ** « g ' ""
of the Hebrew grammar, and all this he did to boys J § •^
without any impulfion of correftion, nay, I never •^'^[f
heard him utter fo much as a word of aufterity ^ |
among us. Alas ! this is but an ivyleaf crept into the ^g & ,
laurel of his immortal garland."^] • }^ ^ ^*
When Mr. Hacket was now a great tutdiySand the eo "8
very darling of the College, generally beloved, and ^'g
fo contented, as like to have long there continued, a ^ J
my Lord Keeper would have him to his fervice, «i ^ ^
faying withal. As his Majefly King James had been S \
blamed by many for making fo young a Keeper, fo J *
he expeAed to be cenfured for choofmg fo young a px!
Chaplain.; but his Lordfhip knew his abilities very jg ^
well, and would truft nobody with the choice of his J -
fervants but himfelf. ^
[Hacket was indufted Reftor of Stoke HamX^^
mond, Bucks, on Sept. 30, 1621, his patron, Wil-
liams, having received the Seal on July 14, and
held it till 1624.^ On Nov. 2, on the prefentation
of the King, the fee of Lincoln being vacant^ he
1 Life of Williams, p. 45. ' Lipfcomb, Bucks, iy. 362.
a
20 Life of Bijhop Racket.
was inftituted to the Redory of Kirkby-Under-
wood.^ On Feb. 13, 1623, he was elefted Proftor
of the Clergy of the Diocefe of Lincoln.]
[6.] Two years he fpent in the Keeper's fervice
before his time was come to commence Bachelor
of Divinity, but then begged leave to go down to
Cambridge to keep the Public Aft, 1623, upon
the two following queftions : " Judicio Romanae
Ecclefiae in Sanftis canonizandis non eft ftandum."
*' Vota Monafticae perfeftionis (quae dicuntur) funt
jUicita."
The former queftion was given very feafonably ;
for the year before, 1622, Pope Gregory XV. had
canonifed Ignatius Loyola,^ the Father of the Je-
fuits; Francifcus Xavier,^ the Indian Apoftlej
Philip Nereus,* the General of the Jefuits ; and
Madam Terefia,^ a Spanifh Virtuofa, who had
built twenty-five monafteries for men, and feven-
teen for women.
He caft his pofition into three parts : i. Becaufe
the Holy Scripture faith, ''The memory of the juft
fhall be blefTed," that all canonization of Saints is
not to be accounted fuperftitious, but by canoniza-
tion he meant only a public teftimony of the Chris-
tian Church, of any eximious member's fanftity
and glory after death. 2. That this teftimony
ought to be given by General or Provincial Councils
at leaft of their own members. 3. By no jneans to
be left to the breaft of the Roman Pontiff*, and Col-
i Kennet MS. 986, fo. 15^3^
^ Ignatius Loyola, Fouii||f^ of the Order of Jefus, c. 1 540 ; died 1 556.
s Francis Xavier, tbi^mend of Loyola, who converted Japan and
China ; buried a^> Malacca. (Brev. Rom. Dec. 2. Hacket*s Cent,
p. 659.)
4 Philip' Neri, a Florentine Prieft, founder of the Fathers of the
Orat^, 1550. See Life, Par. 1659.
* See A^ Canonisationis, \%^, 1628. Bxey. Rom* O^ 15.
Jftftti ffiflrir,
m\\\) Unlii lifiinJ (Reg. Line. fb. 135 ; A. O. W. 826.) Whllft
here he was In the habit of entertaining Oxford ftudenti. (BaUml
MS. xUv. io, 435.)
Chaplain to King y antes. 21
lege of Cardinals, i. Becaufe thev efpecially at-
tended to falfe qualifications, which they made
undoubted figns of iaintfhip, which were not fuch.
2. Confequently had already canonized unworthy
perfons, not beatified in Heaven, but rather damned
in Hell. 3. For perverfe and impious ends, which
they ever thought to eflablifh by their canonization.
In all thefe refpe£b the Pope of Rome, (who is their
Virtual Church,) was apparently a moft partial and
unmeet judge, very apt to be impofed upon himfelf,
and likewife to impofe upon others.
[7.] After his return to the Keeper's fervice, he
Preferred him to the Court to be Chaplain to King
ames, before whom he preached feveral times, to
the great good liking of that moil learned King, and
once upon the Go^rie's Confpiracy,^ for which a
Thankfgiving was continued all that King's reign
upon Auguli 5; and though fbme people have
denied the Treaibn, yet our good Bifhop was af^
ilired that the moil religious Biihop Andrews once
fell down upon his knees before King James, and
befought his Majeily to fpare his cuftomary pains
upon that day, that he niight not mock God unlefs
the thing were true. The King replied, Thofe
people were much to blame who would never be-
lieve a treafon unlefs their Prince were adually
murdered; but did aiTure him on the faith of a
Chriflian, and upon the word of a King, their trea-
ibnable attempt againil him was too true.
[8.]J[n 1624 he was preferred by the Lord
Keepe^to be Parfon of S. Andrew's, Holborn.
1 The ttxt on the Gowrie*8 Confpirac^^aras Pfalm xli. o. Thiee
Sermona poached at Whitehall beforc-dfcKing are printed in Plume*i
Centiny ; Ind one on the C^guuttion at the Spital, in the Mayoralty
of Sir Cutnert Hacket|^0e6urt in p.7ix
kt AndreweSi vol. iy. f» 1 ; Ang. uath.
22 Life of Bijhop Racket.
About 12 at night the Keeper fent to fpeak with
him; when he came, his Lordfhip told him, he
was not then watching for his own ftudy, but
for his. The living of o. Andrew's, Holborn, was
fallen, and in the King's difpoial, by reafon of the
minority of Thomas,^ Earl of Southampton, to
which, upon the mediation of the Bifhop, he was
prefented the next morning by King James.
The fame year his Lordfhip procured for him the
Parfonage of Cheam,^ in Surrey, fallen likewife into
the King's gift by the promotion of Dr. Senhoufe*
to the Bifnopric of Carlifle ; the Keeper telling
him, that he intended him Holborn for wealthy and
Cheam for health ; thefe two livings being within a
fmall diflance of ten miles, he held till the troubles
came, and though he was a great lover of relidence,
and would fay non-refidence was never to be ex-
cufed ; but when utility to the Church, or neceffity
to the perfbn for his real health or fitting flate re-
quired it, yet he would often difpute the neceffity
of a country living for a London minifler to retire
to in hot fummer time, out of the fepulchral air of
a churchyard, where mofl of them are houfed in
^ Henry Wriothefley, 3rd Earl, died in 1624. Thomas, 4th Earl,
afterwards K.G. and Lord Treafurer; created Earl of Chichefter|
1644; died May 16, 1667. (Burke's Ext. Peerage. Hacket*8 life
of Williams, p. 68.)
3 He held Cheam from 1624 to 1666. (Manning's Surrey, il.
479.) Among his predecefTors were Bps. Watlon of Chichefter, An-
drewes of Winchefter, and Archbiihop Mountain of York. As ReAor
he figned the loyal addrefs of the Surrey Clergy, Auguft 10, 1660.
(Kennet, iii. 226.)
3 Richard Senhoufe, S.T.P., 1622, bom at Alneborough Hall;
Fellow of S. John*s and Trinity College, Cambridge ; Chaplain to
Prince Charles ; Vicar of Bumflead, 1607 ; Redor of Cheam, Dean of
Gloucefter, 1621 ; Preacher at the Coronation of Charles I. ; confe*
crated to Carlifle, Sept. 26, 1624, through the influence of the Earl of
Bedford, whofe Chaplain he was ; he died 1626, and was buried at
CarUile. (D'Ewes* Diary, 28.)
ReSfor o/S* Andnw^ Holbom^ and Cheam. %^
the citjr, and Ibund fer h» own part that by Whit-
funddie he did rus ankikre^ and unkfs he took
Greih air ir> the vacation, he was ftopped in his lungs
and could not fpcak cleav after Michaeknas. But
upon one of thefe he was conftantly refident, mak-
ing as few excurfions fop pleaTure or recreation as
any man living, fcarce ever abfent from both, nor
lone from either; infomucb that his friend Dr.
Holdrworth^ faid, Dr. Hacket refided more upon
iW9 livings, than any Puritan (that ever he knew)
did upon om; who ufualty made more idle* (allies
and eoffiping vifits from their charge to» markets
and »irs, and of kte to attend committees, and fuch
fecular employments, than they whom they ejected
for non-relidents, did in their attendance at Court
or elfewhere..
Our Bi&op wouM declare, that naturally he was
di&ffe£led to live either in city or Court, yet it
pleafed God, againft his difpofition, to bring him
into both, who valued rural retirement and repoie
at his ftudy above all the riches and dignities of the
world, ana would often therefore recite jrhofe words,
** Come, my beloved, let us retire into the vilhges,"
&c. (Cant. vii. ii ;) and that unleis it were for the
' Richard Holdfwortb, S.T.P., Ton of a clergyman^ bom at New-
cftftle; Scholar, and FeUow, and Mafter of S. John's College, 1633 ;
M.A. Oxford^ i6i7( Divinity Profeflbv at Oreflkam College, 1630 }
Archdeacon of Huntingdon,. 16 J3}i Re^orofS. Pcter-le»Poor» 16S3-
4a ; Margaret ProfelTor, Cambridge ; CbapUin to L. J. Sii H. Hobart,
beneficed in the Weft Riding of York ; Fourth Mafter of Emmanuel,
1637-44 ; he wai Sir Symondt D*£wei* tutor \ he reiUfed the fee of
Brtfliol I Vke-Chaacellor of Cambridge, x64>'3 ; he was imprlfoned
for printing King Charles* Declaration at Ely Houfe, and dunng four
years in the Tower. (Fuller, 179-80, 3IQ.) He attended Charles I.
at Hampton Court) he became Dean of Worcefter, x6^6, but was
never inftalled ; he died Auguft 21, 1649, and was buried in S. Peter-
le-Poor, London. (Oreen*i Wore. i. %%$ \ Hutton, ii. ififf ; Walker,
li. pC. i. p. 791 Stiype*8 Stowy h pt. s. p. 8o| Kennet, iii. 872; S.
D*£wfs* Diary, 37.)
^v*
24 Life of Bijhop HackeU
fervice of God, all the world (hould not hire him to
live among butchers, and bakers, and brewers, trades-
men of all forts in the narrow ftreets of London,
where he could not fee the fun but in fome few
days all fummer. Yet this he willingly yielded to,
a great part of the year for the fake of others, know-
ing with S. Hierom, " Sandla fimplicitas folum fibi
prodeft ;'* country retirement was good only for
himfelf, but his place at Holborn rendered him
beneficial to others, and he therefore would compare
the contemplative life fpent in prayer, ftudy arid
meditation, to Rachel, who was very beautiful, but
almoft barren; en the other fide, an adlive and
laborious one, fpent in daily converfation and holy
miniftrations to mankind, to Leah, who was more
firuitfiil, though lefs pleafing and &ir ; and to en-
courage Divines to this, obferved that no lefe than
three of four Evangelifts had taken it for their
principal talk to record our Saviour's travels and
miracles, going up and down firom one city to
another, only a. John took the other fubjeft to re-
count to us, efpecially our Saviour's meditations
and prayers; and therefore he little valued that
commendation of many Popiih Saints for leaving
the company of mankind, and retiring into deferts
where they could fcarce have opportunity at any
time to exerdfe piety or charity, which was in his
opinion to foriake the plough, and caft oiF Christ's
yoke, and embrace idlenefs, if not pleafure.
At Holborn he generally refided till the end of
Trinity Term, and preached in perfon upon all the
great r eafts of the Church, and all Sundays in Term
when the judges and lawyers were in town,^ with-
' High Holborn, during the incumbency of Hackety as we deduce
from the Regifters, ferred as £dhionable country lodgings; Ely Hoole
was the refidence of Sir Thoma Coventry, L. K. ; Sir Harry Vanei
His defire to travel abroad. 25
out admitting any fupply, and then commonly re«
tired in the long vacation for health and privacy till
Michaelmas Term. Sometimes indeed he would
fteal out of town for one month in the Spring,
which he believed no man did fo much epicurize as
himfelf, who ever found a moft lufcious fweetnefs
in the month of April, and nothing elfe fo pleafant
in this life, as with a book in his hand to walk and
view the fields and flowers, and to obferve every blof*
fom how it grew in that delicious feafon of the yean
In the lart year of King James he was named by
the King himfelf to attend an Ambaflador into
Germany,^ at which he was very glad, being moft
defirous to travel, and be acquainted with learned
men abroad, faying. Only low fouls loved to dwell
alwavs at home, but more knowing and divine (like
the Heavens above) delighted in bufinefs and mo-
tion ^ yet upon fecond thoughts he was difTuaded
from the journey, for having wrote Loyola, he was
the Earl of Lincoln, and Sir T. Richardfon, afterwards the ftmous
judge, lived in Chancery Lane; and among refidenta in High Holbom
occur the names of the Earl of Warwick, the Earl of Suffolk, Sir H.
Tufton ; Lord Rich at Warwick Houfe, Vifcount Saye and Sele,
Lord De la Warr, the Earl of Southampton, at Southampton Houfe,
Sir Thomas Hatfeon, at Hatton Houfe, Vifcount Mandeville, Sir G.
Haftings, Sir Charles Somerfet, Sir Anthony Cooper, the Earl of New-
port, the Lord Douglas, Sir Arthur Hazelrigg, Lord Sherard, and by a
fingular coincidence, the Lord Brooke, at Brooke Houfe, who wasfhot
at Lichfield 1641; while the banns of marriage of Matthew, Ton of
Sir Richard Dyott, of Lichfield, were publifhed in the Church, June,
1655-
' Probably the miiHon of the Earls of Carlide and Holland in
1624-5 to France on the Marriage Treaty is meant. The faA of
having written Loyola would render the appointment of its author im-
politic at a time when a fcheme was on foot for union with Rome.
(Kennet, ii. 774; Knight, iii. xo6.) In 1613 there was a treaty for
lufpenfson of arms in Germany. (Rymer, vii. p. iv. p. 69.) In 16259
being then B.D., he was named Commiilioner for Caufes Ecclefiaftical,
and again in 1633. (Rymerj vii. p. iv. p. 104; viii. p. i. p. 205, p.
iv. 34.)
\
\
'^ 26^ " Life of Bijhop Hacket.
told he would never be able to go fafe through in
an Ambailador's train.
To the memory of King James no man living
\ bore greater refped than our Bifhop did for his
\great wifdom, learning, pacific difpofition, and affeo-
Son to the Church, to which he thought he might
be ftyled a bene&£tor equal to Conftantine the
Gifeat.i His life he long intended to write, and to
that purpoTe the Keeper conferred upon him Mr.
Camden's 2 MS. Notes of that King's reign till his
own death, 1623 ; and his dear friend and fellow
fervantj^ Mr. John St. Amand,^ communicated to
him rnan^r choice letters and fecrets of State of his
own coIl^£kion, who in like manner defigned the
fame things to whom the Bifhop recommended the
perfefting thereof. But the melancholy rufl of the
civil war hid fo eaten into that gentleman's foul,
that it had quite unfitted him, and the Bifhop alfb
having lofl many of his books and papers upon his
fequeftration ^t Holborn, was made incapable to
proceed fkrtheA in it.
[9.] And now having fpent fome time in his
country fblitariiiefs at Cheam, where he had no
company but his .books, (though formerly he never
meant to have entered into a married flate,) he caf):
1 Conftandne, born a^; Emperor of Rome, 3x2; founder of
Conftantinople ; died 337.^
' Camden, bom in the Q|d Bailey, 1551 ; educated at Chriftls Hof-
pital, S. Paurs School, an^ Oxford ; Head Mafter of Weftminfter,
1592; Clarencieux ICing-at-VAims, 1597; Prebendary of Salilbniy;
died at Chifelhurft 1623, a^d was buried in Weftminfter Abbey.
Aubrey accttfes Thomdike of '^£lching finom Camden as he lay a-dying
minutes of James I., from his en^nce into England,** and alfo Hacket ;
and Wood follows him, (AthenlOz. ii. 347,) but Camden died before
he had completed the annals of James I., although he had written a
Ikeleton hiflory up to Aug. 18, 1623, this work lef^ in the author*!
own MS. was at Hacket*8 death depofited in Trinity College Library.
( Attbrey*8 Liyes, ii. pt. i. p. 272 ; Ahim. Weffan. 12.) .
' John St Amandf-pMtaWf Secretary to the Lord Keeper ; M.P.
for Stamfordy 1623 and 1625.
He marriis ; and becomes D.D. 27
his afFedion upon a religious and virtuous gentle-
woman, whom he made his wife. With this fecret
he had never acquainted his matter the Keeper, and
therefore doubted how he would take it \ but upon
his Lordihip's firft hearine thereof by another hand,
he inftantly took coach and made him a vifit, and en-
joined him only, as ever he had deferved well of him,
to requite it unto her. By her God bleiTed him with
feveral hopeful children, but (he died in 1637.
And after fome years he was married afecond time to
a moft fele(ft, wife, and religious woman, by whom
likewife he had a fecond pofterity, and by both lived
to fee thirty-two children and grandchildren before
his death. [His firft wife was Elizabeth, daughter
of Wm. Stebbing, of Soham, Suffolk. In the regifter
of Cheam is this entry, ^^ Elizabetha uxor chariffima
Do£toris Hacket reverendi ecclefiae re£loris quae
fei^ulta fuit, die 18^. Aprilis, 1638." (■ommunii
ctiii \ymlii%^ii T, C, Ahilm DiD> His fecond wife
w^ Frances, daughter of — Bennet, of Cheihire,
and widow of Dove Bridgeman, Prebendary of
Chefter|2Jatwt j%(:/Sr if!fa/r»H^iifc,Mfio ^sW iL^JI^liJWii.}^'^^^'
[10.] 1028, he commenced Dodor of Divinity,
when he preached the Morning Sermon upon Herod
not giving glory to God, and being ftruck by an
Angel, and eaten up of worms,^ (Ads xii. 23 \)
and performed all other exercifes to the admiration
of Dr. Collins 3 and all other ProfefTors, who difmifTed
1 Hacket Pedigree, Coll. of Arms, k. 3. Vifit. of Warw. 1683, fol.
168 s Mod. Rec. Norf. 10, p. 95, for a fight of which I am indebted
to iny friend Sir Charles O. Young, Garter King-at-Anna. (CoUioiy
vili. 369.)
* Printed by Plume, p. 92.
* Samuel Collins, S.T.P., a native of Buckingham | Provoft of
King's College, 161 c; Re^or of Braintrec, 161 1, Milton and Fea-
dittonj Regius Profcflbr of Divinity, Oft. 2X, 1617; Prebendary of
Ely Cathedral, in the 7th ftall, Feb. 19, 1617; died Sept. x6, 1651,
and is buried in King*s College Chapel. ,(B. Willis, Cath. iii. tSS $
FuUer, 315-9 ; Bcntham's Ely, a6i.) ^Jl, MAjJ'jAMJmd (P. 1 . ^U^A^ ^
a8 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
him to London again with an I Deem I Nojirum /
At his return to Holborn his fame increafed ex-
ceedingly, where by indefatigable ftudy, conftant
preaching, exemplary converfation, and wife govern-
ment he reduced that great pariih to a more perfe£):
conformity than ever they were in before.* His
Church was not only crowded at Sermons, but well
attended upon all occafions of weekly Prayer, and
Sacraments celebrated monthly, befides other times,
at which, efpecially upon the Church's Feftivals,
not only the whole body of the Church, but the
galleries would alfo be full of communicants, and
all things were done In decoro fanStitatis^ in the
beauty of holinefs ; few or none would break the
public order and decent cuftoms of his Church, but
the whole congregation generally rofe and fat, fell
down or kneeled, and were uncovered together.
He liked ceremony no where fo well as in God's
Houfe, as little as you would in your own, (was his
phrafe,) but could by no means endure to fee in
this complimental age, men ruder with God than
with men, bow lowly and often to one another, but
never kneel to God. He thought fuperftition a lefs
fin than irreverence and profahenefs, and held the
want of reverence in religious aflemblies amongft
the greateft fms of England, and would prove it
from many hiftories, that a carelefs and profane
difcharge of God's worfhip was a moft fure prog-
noflic of God's anger, and that people's ruin.
When a ftranger preached for him upon a Sun-
day he would often read the prayers himfelf, and
with that reverence and devotion, that was very
moving to all his auditors; and upon Wednefdays
and Fridays he would frequently do the like, and
^ Stephen Birkbeck wai reclaimed from Romanifm by him, Jan.
39, 1626. (Dom. Scr. Cal. State Papers, p. 238.)
His care of Divim Service. 29
thereby engaged many to refort better to them, al-
ways aiTuring them God would (boneft hear our
prayers in the Communion of Saints. Sometimes
when he had occafion to go into the city, and &w
(lender congregations at prayer, he would much
wonder at his countrymen, that had fo little love to
holy prayer ; but when he heard of any that would
not go to church to prayer unlefs it were accom-
panied with a fermon, he would not fcruple to fey
he fcarcely thought them Chriftians, and never
deemed any divine to be really famous and fuc-
cefsful in his preaching who could not prevail with
his people to come frequently to facraments and
prayers.^
He was a great lover of Pfalmody, and above all
a great admirer of David's Pfalms, fo full of Divine
praifes, and of all religious myfteries, great helps to
contemplation, apt to beget a Divine charity, being
a perfedk fupply for all our wants, joyful to angels,
grievous to devils, filling the heart with fpiritual de-
lights, and a kind of reprefentation of the celeftial
felicity — that he conftantly called upon his people
to be prefent at them, and at all parts of the
Church's prayers, remembering them that after our
BlefTed Saviour had cafl out the fheep and oxen,
yet He ftill called His Houfe the Houfe of prayer,
to fhow that though thofe facrifices were at an end,
yet this fhould never end ; and therefore the Apoftles
themfelves after His death reforted to the Temple,
at the hours of prayer, (A£ls iii. i.)
He ever took great care to procure a grave and
able curate, a Mafler of Arts at leafl, for the in-
ftruftion of the younger fort in the Church Cate-
chifm, Vifiting of the Sick, Burial of the Dead,
^ £yen in 1708 prayers were faid at S. Andrew^s dally at 6, 11,
and 3. (Hutton*s NewVieWi 11. 118.)
30 Life ofBiJhop Racket .
preaching of Funeral Sermons, Chriftenings and
Marriages ; thefe he generally left to the curate for
his perquiiites and better encouragement, and would
often complain that in great parifhes there was not
competent maintenance to keep many curates under
the Parifli Prieft, that might be able to live at the
altar, and better difcharge all private and domefUc
duties of piety, forrowing that herein Popiih coun-
tries were better provided for, who had ten for one
that wait at the altar there more than we have
among us, and therefore though he would much
recommend daily vifiting of the flock from houfe to
houfe, yet founa it was impoflible for one minifter
to perform the public and private duties both.
Private Baptifms he would never countenance
unleis in cafes of neceffity, or fome great conveni-
ence, as being expreflly contrary to the conftitutions
of our Church, and greatly derogatory to the dignity
of the Sacrament to be difpenfed in a parlour or a
chamber, and not with that folemnity that our
initiation into God's Church required, and there-
fore greatly commended the Lutherans who baptized
none at home but the iick and the fpurious.^
Funeral Sermons, though he rarely preached him-
felf, yet he defended them to be no novelty brought
in with the Reformation,^ for John Fifher, Bifhop
of Rochefter, hath one in print for Henry the
Seventh;^ and in Edward the Sixth's time an
hearfe was fet up in S. Paul's church for King
Francis the Firft of France, and a ftmeral fermon
likewife preached for him by Dr. Ridley, Bifhop of
Rochefler.*
> C. £. Brochmtn, Caf. Confc. (See Walchlus, ii. 147.)
' Heylyn, Hift of Reform, p. 40, ed. 1674.
3 Wynkvn de Worde printed hit fermon on the death of Margaret,
Counted of Richmond, in 1508, (ince republiflied at Cambridge, 1806.
^ Dugdale*t S. Paulas, 23 : in 1547 Ridley was eled Bi£op only.
0- bnHiA A*. U£(4M44 ku^byt*. bM.tllktuwt«
UudE. S itJ^i' FrimtSy Parijhtoners, ^tMnvt&M iKuw ,
Whue he lived in this pariih he would give God U«m.«c-$M«
blanks he got a good temporal eftatc ; parishioners [fCSf^
of aU forts were very kind and free to him, divers^f^„i (j^.'^.
lords and gemiemen, feveial judges and lawyers of^ Ji JL.J^
eminent quality were his conftant auditors, whom If —
he found like Zenas, (Tit. iii, 13), honeft kwyers, . ^'''^'J
oonfcientious to God, and lovers of the Church of fi*iG«»*«6*»'
England, and very friendly and bountiful to thciiji^ au4A—
miniflcr. Sir Julius CEfar^ never heard him preach gj^ t^
but he would fend him a broad piece, and he didfi,,,,^.^
the like to others ; and he would often fend a Dean h...- ^ j.^
or a Bifhc^ a pair of gloves becaufe he would noti ^^"^
hear God's Word gntis. Judge Jones^ never
went to the Bench at the beginning of a Term but
he ftAed and prayed the day before, and oftentimes
got Dr, Hackct to come and pray with him. This
JftriiS Judge condemned one for ftealing a Common
Prayer Book out of his church, whom ne could not
fcve, the Judge would by no means forgive him,
> Or Adelmare, born » Tottenham, 1557; M.A. Migdalenc Hall,
Oafisd, 157! j LL.D. Pirii, tjSt } Judge ^ tfac Admiralty Court,
-1%%^; MaAerorReqiKfti, iS^Ji TieaTurcr of Inou Temple, 1593;
MiRet of S. Cathirine'i Hoipical, 1596 \ Knight, 160J 1 Chancellor
of Exchequer, 1606; P. C, 16071 Mafter of the Rolli, 1614. He
died April iS, 16361 and wm boiied la S. Helen'^ Bllhoplgate. He
wa> Teiy libti.il to the poor, buT 3 pljtc-hunter, and of no judicki
reputation. (Fuf;' Judges, *i. 167 ; Hution, 1. 173; Malcolm, Lond.L -t. |,
RediT.iii. 560.] Glovn were gl ten as prefenl8.(i Zur. Lfli. \-va-\ ; ".•?"..
Zur. 454, 45 6,my the Countfiioi Spencer in 1*75 *6 her Jnen^.'^ij^^
(Note, and Quoft«. ii. 4:) and Bilhap,llll ,678 gave glove at their 'T^^^
confectatioi. .inn.r. (Ihid. i. lao.) "The churchward™ ufed ,o^*X*«'
pve III. payr ot glum jerely at Eaftct, that ii vi. payrc to the P"f™. Vi j,wu^
ri.payr to the other offieera of the parifte, ai churchwarden., cletki. '"I JrXSi
fexton, ind lynayng men, which glo»« come by coft x or xi.. at the ll'>81>'«^ ,
pariOiechargti, .1.6 Mary and a. 1 Elli." (Bentlej'i MS., S. Andrew's, I fo™*"'*^" J
Holborn, IsBo,p, iji.) ^
* Sir Williani Tonei, born atCaftellmirch; educated at Beaumirii
School, and S. Edmund Hall, Oxford; Knight) Chief Juftice of
King') Bench, Ireland, 1617 ; Judge of Common IHiu;TtM | and
King'i Bench, i6i4.iHe died in Hdlbom, Dec. 9,1640, and «ai
' "d Lincoln') Ink Cbapel. (FoO. Ti. jjS.)
a.o.t.«7i|
32
Life ofBiJhop Racket.
S-3* *
"IE •• ^ ♦*
* o w •* "
* 2 ^
r S «* a
" S •• o
•£ "fig's rC
•- S S e
vo-o «;;!-« ""^
•k « .a
»* -c us d Q
-«-c-s Si
g.^i la,
becaufe of the (acrednefs of the place, but accepted
well of his interceffion, and faid he (hould prevail
in another matter ; and when the Dodlor faw he
could not fucceed, he thanked the Judge for *his
feverity. Tm, W> J
[ii.] In io3i^the Bifhop of Lincoln made him
Archdeacon of flfedford,^ whither he ever after went
once a year, commonly the Week after Eafter,'
made the clergy a fpeech upon fome controvf
head, feafonable to thofe times, exhorting then
keep ftriftly to the orders of the Church, t|
regular conformity to the doftrine and difciplin
law eftablifhed, without under or over doing, a
ing in his opinion that Puritanifm lay on both i
whofoever did more than the Church comma;
as well as lefs, were guilty of it ; and that he ;
was a true fon of the Church that broke no
boundals of it either way.
[In 1633, in Nov. '' Hacket coming to cou
wait as chaplain, and with much wit congratul
(Bifhop Wren) the Clerk upon his nearer ace
the King, began to tell him what hopes he and
others had that he would have been made Bifh
London, and that fo the King at firft intended,
not the Archbifliop fuggefted that the Bifliof .
London fhould be a man of whom the Archbiij
fliould have experience, and upon whom he •
rely, and fo obtained London for his lordfhip J
of Hereford. Wren paid no regard to Hac|
foolery, fufpedling it to be a contrivance of feme
difcontented courtier to breed in him a diflike of
Laud, but refolving to keep his faith with the King
and Archbifhop, acquainted them prefently with
*^-
1
Ailpj^^^ in ^incQl
[B. Willis, I24.,lhe was inftalle dPreb endary of
to, iSij.y BrVyillii, Cath,
15; i«inTBCiK4W7T57«W " .vj
TTie Clergy of his timi. 33
what had pafled. The King approved well his
condud herein, and told him there was no truth in
the report, nor anything but a plot to kindle coals
between them two."*]
[12.] About this time of King Charles the Firft's
reign it was juftly faid. Stupor mundi Clems Angli-
canus; and whereas in the beginning of Queen
Elizabeth's Reformation Siquis's had been fet up in
S. Paul's ;^ if any man could underftand Greek
there was a Deanery for him, if Latin a good living,
but in the long reign of Queen Elizabeth and King
James the clergy of the Reformed Church of Eng-
land grew the moft learned of the world, for by the
reftleilhefs of the Roman Priefts they^ were trained
up to arms from their youth, and by the wifdom
and example of King James, had wrote fo many
learned traflates as had almoft quite driven their
adverfaries out of the pit, and forced them to yield
the field j fo that now we were only unhappy in our
own differences at home. But above all the Bifhop
admired, that people "fhould complain in thofe days
for want of preaching wherein lived Brownrig,^
^ Parent, pp. 49, 50.
^ BUhop Hall refers to this pra£tice :
*' Sawft thou ever Si Quis patched on PauFs church door
To feek fome vacgnt ▼icarage before ?
Who wants a Churchman that can fervice fay ?
Read faft and fair her monthly homily,
And wed, and bury, and make Chriftian fouls ?
Come to the left fide alley of S. PouleY"
(Vergidem, lib. ii. fat. Tii.)
S Ralph Brownrigg, S.T.P., born at Wellifiiam, Fellow of Pem-
broke Hall, Mafter of S. Catharine*s Hall, Vice-Chancellor of Cam-
bridge, 1638, 1643-4; Rector of Burley, Madingly, x6x6; Mafter of the
Temple J Prebendary of Ely, 1621; Durham, 1641; Archdeacon of
Coventry, 1631; Lichfield, 1621; confecrated to Exeter, Nov. 18^
1641. He never faw his diocefe, and lived at Sonning during the
Rebellion. He died Dec. 7, 1659 ; and is buried in Lincoln*s Inn
Chapel. (01iver*8 Lives of the Bimops of Exeter ; Ne;wcourt, i. 547.)
D
34 Life ofBiJhop Racket .
and Holdfworth,^- and Micklethwait,^ and both
the Shutes,^ and infinite more, efpecially Jofiah
Shute,* whom the Biihop ever termed, Generalis
Praedicatorum, in allufion to the General of the
Jefuits, or the Praepofitus Dominicanorum, befides
many other incomparable orators in and about the
City of London.
In the firft rank of whom our excellent Bifhop
may well be reckoned if we confider his acute wit,
deep judgment, flowing elocution, fingular learning,
and great reading, whereby (as Porphyry^ com-
plained of Origen) he made ufe of all heathen learn-
ing to adorn the dofirine of Chriftianity j who was
expert withal to handle both Teftaments, Law and
Gofpel, that fometimes his auditors would acknow-
ledge that he had (like S. Chryfoftom) fwarms of
bees fitting upon his lips,^ and that nothing but
honey and milk lay under his tongue ; at other times
he feemed (like S. Bafil) to be a itrong hail fhower
bearing down all before it, and, as was faid of
* See p. 23.
s « Paul Micklethwait, S.T.P., Fellow of Sidney Suflex College, an
eminent preacher, favoured by the Biihop of Ely and all the heads of
houfes to have the place of town ledurer at Trinity Church, 1624.**
(Fuller, 309.) Preacher and afterwards Mafter of the Temple, Lon-
don ; Lediurer of Little S. Mary*^ Cambridge j he died 1638. ^Hat-
ton, ii. 573 5 D*Ewe8* Diary, 42.)
0htCttU*t Ci^^*^o>^ Nathaniel Shute, born at Gigglefwick, of Chrift*s College, Cam-
/J^ Lf Mtfitf^^^'^^^ » Redlor of S. Mildred's, Poultry, S. Margaret Mofes, 1613-18,
tfuJj^ llMct ^^'^^ 1638. A (Fuller's Worthies, ii. 517; Lloyd's Memoirs, 295 ;
^/MUc4 ff^ p Newcourt, u 503 ; Kennet, Lanfd. MS., 985 foU 53.)
Uiutu^. Hmj 4 jofi'ah brother of Nathaniel Shute, of Trinity College, Cambridge 5
Re&or of S. Mary Woolnoth, Nov. 29, 1611 ; Archdeacon of Col-
chefter, April 15, 1642; died 1642. (Fuller's Worthies, ii. c 18 ;
Lloyd's Memoirs, 293 ; Newcourt, i. 93, 463.)(^(MUjU 3t • iVf
fi Melech, born at Tyre, 233, and furnamed b/his mifter Longinlu,
the famous critic. Porphyry ; while very young he attended Origen at
Caefarea, but afterwards went to Lilybaeum, and wrote againfl Chrif-
tianity : he died at Rome, 304.
c See Philoth. Orat. BibL Patr. T. ii. p. 329, ed, 1624.
His ability in preaching, 35
Pericles, left a aivrpoVj or wound upon the moft
obftinate and infenfible mind behind him. Yet, as
Jofeph Scaliger^ would fay ,2 he envied the learning
of three men,TheodorusGaza,3 Angelus Politianus,*
and Picus Mirandula,^ fo the Bifhop would ac-
knowledge he could never enough admire Uflier's^
profound (kill in antiquity, Overall's^ great know-
ledge in Divinity, nor imitate Brownrig's preaching
when he would put forth his utmoft powers.
[13.] But let any man perufe his courfe of
excellent fermons upon all our Saviour Christ's
great Works and many more remarkable matters of
^ Jofeph Juftus Scaliger, born at Agen, 1540 ; ProfeiTor of Belles
Lettres at lieyden, 1590 ; Grotius was his pupil. As a critic he was
pre-eminent : he died Jan. zi, 1609.
' In Opufc.
* Theodore Gasa, born at Theflalonica in the fifteenth century ;
retired to Italy after the capture of Conftantinople ; Cardinal BefTarion
became his patron, and he tranilated many of the Clallics ; he died
2475 at Rome. (Moreri, iy. 57.)
^ John Angelo Politianus, born at Monte Pulciano, a famous
logiaan of Pollers at the beginning of the 1 6th century; he wrote
againft Bellarmine on the fubjedl of the Eucharift ; Daill^ was his
pupil. (Moreri, vii. 278.)
* John Pic, Seigneur of Mirandola ; Scaliger called him monftrum
fine vitio ; he was a prodigy of learning and provoked by it a charge
of herefy which could not be fuftained ; he died at Florence, Nov. 17,
1404. (Moreri, vii. 105.)
^ James Uiher, the glory of the Iriih Church and Univerficy, born
in Dublin ; ProfefTor of Divinity, Trinity College, Dublin ; Chancellor
of S. Patrick*s; confecrated to Meath, 162 1 ; tranflated to Armagh,
162^, and Bifiiop of Carlifle, 1641 ; Preacher of Lincoln*s Inn, 1647 ;
he died at Reigate, 1655, and was buried in Weftminfter Abbey.
(See £lrington*s Life.)
7 John Overall, S.T.P., born at Hadleigh, Fellow of Trinity
College; Mafter of S. Catherine*s Hall, Cambridge, 1598; Regius
Profeflbr of Divinity, 1596; Vicar of Epping, 1 592 ; RedorofThor-
field and Clothal ; Prebendary and Dean 1602 ot S. PauPs ; Prolocutor
of Convocation, 1603-10; Fellow of Chelfea College, 16 10; one of
the tranflators of the Bible ; he drew up the ** Convocation Book ;"
he was confecrated, April 3, 1614, to Lichfield, and was tranflated to
Norwich, Sept. 30, 1618 ; he died May X2, 1669, and is buried at
Norwich. (Blomefield*s Norfolk, ill.)
36 Life o/BiJhop Racket.
Scripture, which were moft of them his weekly
preaching, together with what I hope will hereafter
follow, whole Chapters and Pfalms of Scripture ex-
pounded by continued difcourfes upon the chain of
the holy Text from firft to laft, after the cuftom of
the Homilies of S. John Chrylbftom, and other
ancient Fathers yet extant, and let him (peak impar-
tially if this great Prelate be not for learning, piety,
perfpicuity of phrafe, and knowledge of Divine and
human things almoft equal with any of them.
Methinks when I read his accurate and divine
labours, and withal contemplate the religious and
peaceable days wherein they were preached, in an
auditory equal to the greateft of old, wherein God
was ferved with fo much holy order, I cannot
reckon with myfelf readily where, either by S.
Auftin at Hippo, S. John Chryfoftom' at Antioch,
or Conftantinople, or the famous S. Bafll at Neo-
cxfarea, any people were more happy in the labours
i, . of a paftor, or any paftor more beloved by the wifefl
jm4 itt4jju4*4 Qf hjs people. Whatfoever he^preached to them
a(i{uA4 uAah once upon the Lord's Day, he preached fix times
V^toi cuJLo^ over again in his pious converfation upon the days
ktMi-AA^ouMASu ^^^ week following, and ever thought that fre-
vT^ ^^elliF*^^^ preaching was but a forry commendation
*\. >• '^?to any man unlefs prepared with fludy and diligence
<^il^WwuAi**(^g£Qj.g^ to fpeak as became the oracles of God,
f ' Sfc^* and likewife attended with agreeable praftice after-
wards, to make that eafy by example which had
been before only didlated in ao£lrine.
While he officiated here I muft not forget two
things more, firft, his charity to the poor, of whom
he held himfelf bound by his calling to have an
1 S. John, ''the golden-mouthed,** bora 354 at Antiocfa,
of Conftantinople, 398 ; died 407 at Comana, buried at <
nople.
1, Patriarch
Conftanti-
nopU
His charity and frugality, 37
efpecial care, and be no lefs than a continual over-
feer 3 befides his fpiritual alms and counfel upon all
occafions freely adminiftered, he gave freely alfb out
of his own eftate upon all holydays, and prayer-
days, and would often engage the pariih officers fo
to diftribute their coUeSions as might beft bring
the poor to prayers, to catechifing, and to reap
other benefit to their foul at the fame time that they
received a boon for the body.
In all public meetings, (which were many in that
great parifh) this worthy man would never fo much
as eat and drink (as the cuftom had been) upon the
parifh flock, but always bore his own expenfes,
though he met upon the parifh account, fo that by
his prudence, and induflry, and frugality for them
the revenues of the poor were in his time very much
increafed above what they were fol^merly.
But his main concern for that place is yet behind,
(Church and poor commonly go together, and he had
an equal care of both) the church edifice was fallen
into great decay, the churchyard too fmall to bury
their dead, and the church itfelf too little. to contain
the living, fb that a great defire he had to build
them a new church from the ground, for which
purpofe he had obtained the promife of the Patron,
the mofl religious and noble Earl of Southampton,^
to confer all the timber for the roof, and very large
fubfcriptions he had procured from the nobility and
gentry, and from many other well-afFe£ted parifhioners
for the finifhing of the refl, for thefe he had been
fbliciting from the time of his firfl coming ; fcarce
any of qualitv dying, but according to ancient piety,
at his requcK left a legacy to that purpofe, which
was laid up in the church chefl; the good Dodlor
often telling them how mournful a fight it was to
^ See p. 21.
38 Life of Btjhop Racket.
him to fee any place excel the church in beauty and
magnificence, and that it was not the fafhion in the
beft times of religion for any man to dwell better
than God, and that the fabric of churches ought not
only to be fuited to the bare convention of people,
but likewife to the riches and wealth of the parifh
or nation, from which God expefted a fuitable pro-
portion to the fetting forth of His glory. And
therefore as much as King Solomon's temple ex-
ceeded Mofes' tabernacle, fo much did he conceive
ought our churches now-a-days to exceed the
poverty and plainnefs of our forefathers, and would
often bewail to fee the contrary, that our forefathers
were fumptuous in God's houfe and poor at home ;
but we, who are far richer, have built our own
houfes rich and new, while God's houfe lies wafte.
To remedy this he was not willing to permit that
any rich men's bones fhould lie fumptuoufly buried
in his church who never beftowed fo much upon
God's houfe in their life as the value of their tomb
amounted unto, faying, fuch did not adorn but
trouble the Church.
By his perfuafions many gave very liberally, in
particular I remember the pleafantnefs of Sir Henry
Martin,! ^ho at his firft fpeaking bade his man pay
him thirty pounds, when he received it, becaufe he
gave him humble thanks, he bade his man count
him five pounds more for his humble thanks.
About 1639,2 having many thoufands in Stock
and in fubfcription, he went to my Lord's Grace of
' Sir Henry Martin, D.C.L., 1595, knight, 1616, educated at
Winchefter, Fellow of New College, Oxford, 1582 ; M.P. for Oxford
Univerfity, 16*7 ; Dean of Arches, Judge of the Admiralty and
Prerogative Courts ; Official of Bedford ; King*s Advocate. He died
1 641, and Is buried at Longworth. (See my William of Wykeham
and his Colleges, 405 : Kennet, Lanfd. MS. 085 fol. 20.)
3 a6 Jan., 1639, Hacket covenanted' to give forty pounds to the
The Plague of 1625. 39
Canterbury, to a(k his Lordfhip's leave that what
workmen were willing might indifferently be enter-
tained by him, without bemg thought prejudicial to
the repair of S. Paul's '} but our troubles came on,
and the Long Parliament feized the money gathered
for the repair of both churches to carry on their war
both againft King and Church. Thus was he de-
feated in his pious intention here, yet God made
him happy in accomplifhing the like hereafter, as
you (hall near elfewhere.
[14.] Long before, viz., in 1625, being the great
plague year, which happened at the beginning of
the reign of Charles L, upon complaint of the
Common Councilmen of his parifh that they wanted
room to bury their dead, he purchafed for that end
the new churchyard in Shoe Lane, and becaufe in
that fickly time it could not be confecrated, he
obtained under the Bifhop of London's^ hand and
feal a leave proviflonal to read his Lordfhip's indul-
gence inflrument only upon the ground, with pro-
mife of procuring confecration when the Plague
ceafed. At the mme time with the confent of the
ere^ion of the new pariih churcb| to be paid at three feveral pay-
ments, Noy. 4, 1640, 20 maikt; 1641, 20 marki; June, 1642, 20
marka. (MS. Subfcription Book in S. Andrew*!, fliown to me by
Rev. H. G. S. Blunt, Reaor.)
^ William Laud, tranflated Sept. 19, 1633. (See Liiis by Baines,
Maften.) In 163 1 a commiffion was llTued for the repairs of the
church and fteeple, towards which large fubfcriptions were colledied,
and in 1632 Inigo Jones, Surveyor General, began the work, and
jf 101,330. 4s. 8d. were paid to the works from 1631 to 1643 in-
clufive, but the walls and rooA only were completed. (Hutton, ii.
4C6.) The prefent church of S. Andrew's was finished in 1687,
aner the defign of Sir Chriftopher Wren, the old tower partly re-
mains under modern cafing. Thomas de Cottingham, Lord Keeper,
Biihops King, Manningham, Stillingfleet, and Luxmoore have been
wBton.
3 George Montaigne, confecrated to Lincoln, 16x7 ; tranflated to
London, July 20, 1621 \ and to York, 1628.
"W^m^
1%
"Author oj
40 Life of Bijhop Racket. * ^"^
Bifhop and his veftry in Holbom, he compofed a
table wherein were fet the rates of burial in chi^rch
or churchyard, new or old, and was able to prove
that the like was done in elder times, and therefore
the learned author^ was deceived who thought all
churchjrards were freely given for the ufe of the
dead ; and he found by experience unlefs you would
allow fees for funeral attendances, the tithes would
be too fmall in great parifhes to find officers who
mufl wait upon fuch occafions both day and night ;
likewife unlefs you make diflin6tion of prices for
burial all people will be buried in one place, in the
very church, yea, and chancel itfelf if it might be
allowed ; nor in a plague time can you get the poor
borne to the grave, but it will cofl dear ; and he was
of opinion the profits got by the rich ought to pay
for the poor, and that there was no more fimony in
a divine's payment for fome hours' attendance upon
a funeral than in the clerk's or fexton's payment for
ringing of bells, or the heralds for their efcutcheons^
and other infignia funebria now of late grown
cuflomary, yet moft of thefe were at firft mere
oblations and freewill offerings, though now due
fecundum legem terrae.
[15.] But to come to the mofl affli<^ed part of
his life, and our never to be forgotten calamities, in
the late days of darknefs and gloominefs. He had
often protefled that a long time before he forefaw
our troubles gathering in the clouds of difcontents,
^ 3ir Henry Spelman, the Aiend of Camden, Selden, and Cotton, born
15629 educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, and Lincoln's Inn:
died in the Barbican, 1641, and is buried in Weftmlnfter Abbey.
3 The fcocheon was the loweftdefcription of heraldic enfign allotted
for funerals, and was the prototype of the modern hatchment, but
then painted on panel and faftened up in a church ; the other infignia
were the helmet, mantle of black velvet, target with the armsy and
the coat armour, like a herald*s ubard.
rVj
A.\iChor •!
Walton.)
■ — _^^
The troubles begin.
41
and would bewail that Charles I., the moft religious
and beft of princes, met with fo bad Parliaments,
generally ia^ious, difcontented, and leavened with
Puritans ; whereas Queen Elizabeth ever had calm
Parliaments, and that made her reign glorious, al-
though ihe afTumed more prerogative than either «^
King James or King Charles, yet then nobody cried, ^
Stand to the liberties of the people; but nothing
deftroyed liberty more than the afFe<^ation of too
much liberty, beiides he obferved it was the deflgn
of parliaments to put that mild King upon wars,
*and then refiife to give him moderate fupplies
to ferve his juft neceffities unlefs he would part
with his court and his Church in exchange, where-
by he was conftrained to fupply himfelf by way of
Loan, which whofoever paid, much more whofoever «^ ^
of the King's divines periiiaded others to pay, in- 4^
curred the fiiry of the oppofite party. c^
Then were the feeds of the future fedition fown
with an evil report brought upon David's Govern-
ment that all the .people might loathe it, and after
rife up to pluck it down. Libels and licentious dif-
courfes were fcattered, ever portending future mu-
: tinies, as hollow blafls and fecret murmurings in
J the air go before dangerous tempefts at feat'^^Thefe
I things he difcourfed not only from his own obferva-
^ tion, but from the predi6tion of many holy and
S learned men, and wondered that Cardinal Bellarmin,
i Mr. Hooker, and Mr. Mead after both fhould all
;ree that the Eflablifhment of the Church of
ngland was not like to continue above feventy or
eighty years, the age of a man ; and he would tell
how the late Bifhop of Chichefler^ hath iaid unto
him his &ther foretold the fame, and Bifhop Wren
^ Henry King, confecrated Feb. 6, 1641 u his iather wat the
Bifhop of London mentioned in p. 17. /\ ^ I
42
Life ofBiJhop Hacket*
faid the fame from Bifliop Andrewes ;^ but above
^11 Mr. John Shearman,^ Regifter to my Lord of
Canterbury, told him that he heard Archbifliop
^.bbot before his death, at a folemn meeting before
nany friends, with many tears foretell the fame ;
md it was our Bifliop's opinion that the fpirit of
prophecy was not quite dried up, but fometimes pro
pic et nunc God gave mankind ftill a knowledge of
future events.
[i6.] In the Convocation of 16402 was compofed
|a book of canons, which he well approved, always
ufing to call Church Canons fo many buttreffes to
the houfe of God raifed up without the walls to
'fupport the building within. Yet confidering the
'iwinge of the times he once prefumed to requeft my
Lord of Canterbury not to proceed, but to indulge
to the hardnefs of the people's hearts 5 for he was
well aiTured if his Grace could make another
Epiftle to the Romans the people then would not
receive it, and therefore often wiflied thofe books
had never been made in England, nor the Liturgy
fent into Scotland, which he would often bewail in
the words of his learned friend,* Liturgia infelicif-
fime ad Scotiam mifla, where the fecular arm was
too weak to proteft the loyal party in their Ecclefi-
aftical obedience.
[17.] He accounted it no good omen to have the"
^ The anecdote is related in Hearne^s Langtoffs Chron. i. app. to
Pref. pp. ccviii-xiii, Oxford, 1725. In 1623 at Winchefter Houfq
Bifliop Andrewes faid to Dr., afterwards Bifliop, Wren, before Biflij
Neale, and Bifliop Laud, *< I am fare I fliall be in my grave andj
fliall you, my lord of Durham, but my lord of S. David*s and you, Do^r^
will live to fee that day, that your mafter will be put to it upop his
head and his crown without he will forfake the fupport }6f the
Church.** (Comp. Kennet*8 Hift. of £ng. iii. p. 124, n. b.)/
2 Kennet, Lanf. MS. 986 fol. 142. JLlU iIWiJUa^oiW T-SEf • 9S '
> Dr. Stewart, Dean of Chichefter, was Prolocutor. (See Lath-
The Long Parliament, 43
Sun eclipfed that very hour the Long Parliament be-
gan,in November, 1640,' though not vifibic here Tave
in the difaftrous efFeils j from the begimiing thereof
all things were managed with uproars and tumults j
however fome hope there was that upon modera-
tion fliown matters might be peaceably compofed,
whereupon the Houfe of Lords appointed a Com-
mittee out of their own members for fettling peace
in the Church in March following! at the fame
time the Lords appointed a Sub-Committee to pre-
pare matters for their cognizance j the Bifhop oi
Lincoln had the chair in both, and was authorized
to call together divers bifliops and other divines to
confult for correflion of what was amifs, and to
fettle peace; of the Sub-Committee thofe that
appeared and confulted together in Jcrufalem cham-
ber at Weftminftcr (fome others were named) were
thcfe only, the Bifliop of Lincoln,^ Primate of
Armagh,a Bifliop of Durham,* BifliDp Hall then
_ ' The Commlncc foi Religion wu named March i, 164^, (Laud
■nbuKaryfaj, March 1 1,) confiWng of ten Eaili, tan Bilhopi, and
"" ™ron;- "It ptoftflii," fa;. Laud, (Wotio, vol. v. 4.J7,) "to
oafider of and prepare bufinefti" thef
., ,j u„„,jp WillUms in a letUr pnTerved hf the
■i' "P'^t"- i-)_ ThomM Weittetd, RtSot of-S. Bartholoniew
-■mi^AHlHMI^hart, Atchducon of S. Alban'i, and
"ThjtOntT!I^^^^^B»»mBil. Jofiii Sbute wat alfo named.
mt, wii-ffc rfi~j~~- '■-*«. ReSor of Lambeth, wM alfo
«» a*r ««■'".„ '" *<«vr * ■■^■■p-:;
46 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
a malicious intention to quarrel at it, (aid, that
Chriftianity was a do6trine of too much patience,
but he could never find any place in it to objeft
that it was a do<^rine of rebellion. If the adminif-
tration of a kingdom were out of frame, our Bifhop
maintained it were better to leave the redrefs to
God than to a feditious multitude, and that the way
to continue purity of religion was not by rebellion,
but by martyrdom- To refift lawful powers by
feditious arms and unlawful authority, was not the
primitive and Apoftolical Chriftiani^, but Popifh
do6trine, not taught the firft 300 years, but much
about 1000 years after our Saviour's Afcenfion
into Heaven by the Pope of Rome, the very time
the Spirit of God faid, Satan fhould be let loofe,
viz., by Gregory VII.,^ who firft taught the Ger-
mans to rebel againft the Emperor Henry IV.
Yet this poifon was now given the Englifli people
to drink out of the Papal cup, while they pretended
quite contrary. But our Biftiop ever aflerted this
was not the way to pull down Antichrift, but Pro-
teftant religion, and therefore he warned the Non-
conforming Divines, with whom he lately treated,
to have a care how they cried up a war, and became
famous only in the congregation (as Eroftratus^) by
fetting the temple on fire.
To prevent that fatal Bill of root and branch,
the Committee condefcended to print the Liturgic
f
Gaul, and Emperor of Rome, 361 ; killed in battle with Sapor King
of Perfiai ^ne 27, 363, at the age of 32, and was buried at Conftan-
tinople. His writings againft Chriftianity have been refuted by S.
Cyril of Alexandria and Theodoret.
> Gregory VII., Hildebrand, fucceeded 1073, and died at Salerno
1085. (See Century, 687.)
3 The incendiary who iet fire to the famous temple of Dianai at
Ephefus, in order to purchafe a name among pofterity, on the £une
night that Alexander the Great was born, B.C. 355.
He pleads before the Parliament. 47
Plklms in King James's Tranflation, to expunge all
Apocryphal LelTons, and alter Ibme pafli^s in the
body of the BooJt of Common Prayer, and certain
other things, which divers of the Prefbyterian Di-
vines (aid were fatisiatEloTy,^ fave that the furious
party of them put the Commons upon the violent
way : in particular, old Mr, John White^ told many
of the party who ftill prefled at Conferences for
further abatement of conformity, and the laws eftab-
lifhed, Time would come when they would wifli
they had been content with what was offered.'
[18.] While this Committee was fitting, the
Houfe of Commons having now entered uj
debate of taking away the whole governmei
fiaflical by Bifhops, Deans, and Chapters,
with all their revenue, fcveral members
Houfe being friends to the hierarchy, mo
no man's freehold might be taken away i
ment without hearing them iirft fpeak k
fclves; whereupon the whole Committee
the tafk upon Dr. Hacket forthwith to c
his own houfe and ftudy, and meet them
morrow morning prepared to fpeak as the i
of the Church of England in the behalf c
and Chapters. The Speech* itfelf I foun<
his papers, which in regard that it was t
publilhed at large, I have thought meet
follows : —
' S« Cardwill'i Conf,
» S« p. +J.
■ Hia prophecy via tullillc
,|j:J ill ;-^
1-3 «
"Exception)" and iheir "Rejoinder" at the Sivi
Cirdwell'a Conf. ch. vi. 1411.)
* A report of the Speech il given in Nalfon'i 1
PaiLHift. ii. J11-4; and Neal'i Putitini, ii. J91. He I "i^'^SS^ Sgifi.
deputy or proflor of all the Cachedralt, ai they were Dol .. .. " "
appear by caunCel. Hit Speech was infweted by Coraelius Burgeri,
164.1. A ih. Onon . iii. 6gj, 6B7.
' STHacktt'i Speech, 1641, fee Foller, rf. I961 b. ri. Compui
iDetenceofCitbednliinTaoiietMS. 141, fa. >6.
48 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
** May it pleafe you, Mr. Speaker, and this Honourable
Houfe :
** Our expeftations to be heard by Counfel in this
great caufe hath brought us unto you moft unprepared to
deliver that which might be uttered upon fb copious
fubjeft. Yet fince we have that favour from this Honour-
able Houfe that we may be heard, or fome one of us in
our own perfons, fome what fhall be offered to your pru-
dent confiderations by the meaneft and mod unpradlifed
in pleading and forenfical caufes of all thofe that attend
you this day. The unexpeftednefs to be thus employed
(it was impofed upon me but yefterday afternoon, as my
brethren know,) is joined with another difadvantage, that
we have not heard upon what crimes or offences of the
Deans and Chapters fo great a patrimony as they enjoy is
called in queff ion, that we might purge ourielves of fuch
imputations ; but only reports that fly abroad have arrived
at our ears, that Cathedral and Collegiate Churches with
their Chapters are accounted by fome to be of no ufe and
convenience. I aim at perfpicuity, and therefore I will
call what I have to fay into as clear a method as I am
able. The ufe and convenience of Deans and Chapters I
reduce unto two heads, quoad res, quoad perfonas, firft in
regard of fome things of great moment ; fecondly in regard
to divers perfons, whom I know the juftice of this Honour-
able Houfe will take into confideration.
" And firft, fince God hath called His Houfe the Houfe
of Prayer, I fhall keep a right order, without derogating
to anything that follows, to prefent them unto you as
very convenient for the fervice of prayer, which is offered
up to God in them daily, both in His morning and in His
evening Sacrifice. In the ancient Primitive Church (as
many learned gentlemen in this Honourable Houfe do
know, and as my brethren that affift me can atteft unto it)
the Chriftians did every day meet at prayers, and for the
moft part at the Bleffed Sacrament, if perfecution did not
diftraft them. Then it is fit in a well governed Church
that there fhould be fome places in imitation of them.
4.'
His Speech before the Parliament* 49
where daily thankfgivings and fupplications fhould be made
unto God. And whereas it cannot be fuppofed^ but that
divers remifs Chriftians do negled oftentimes their daily
duty of prayer, and fome are forced to omit that length to
which they would produce their prayer by their multitude
of bufinefs, it is fit that there fhould be a public duty of
prayer in fome principal places, where many are gathered
together to fupply the defeds that are committed by pri-
vate men. And though I am fure the public duty of
prayer fhall find great acceptance and approbation before
fb Chriflian an auditory, yet I confefs I have heard abroad
that the fervice of Cathedral Churches gives offence to
divers for the fuperexquifitenefs of the mufic, efpecially in
late years, fo that it is not edifying nor intelligible to the
hearers. For this objedtion in part,«I will confefs it is
flrong and forcible, in part I will mollify it. It is a jufl
complaint, Mr. Speaker, and we humbly deiire the affift-
ance of this Honourable Houfe for the reformation of it,
that Cathedral mufic for a great part of it ferves rather to
tickle the ear, than to afFe6l the heart with godlinefs ; and
that which fhould be intended for devotion, vanifheth
away into quavers and air: we heartily wifh the amend*
ment of it, and that it were reduced to the form which
Athanaiius commends,^ ut legentibus fint quhm cantantibus
Jimiiiores, But though thefe fra6lions and affe£led exqui-
iitenefs be laid afide, yet the folemn praife of God in
church mufic hath ever been accounted pious and laudable,
yea, even that which is compounded with fome art and
elegancy ; for S. Paul fpeaks as if he had newly come
from the choir of Afaph,^ requiring us to praife God in
> S. Auguitine fays, " the way of Athanaiius, Blfliop of Alexandria,
Teems the fafer, who, as I have often heard, made the reader chant
with fo flight a charge of note, that it was more like fpeaking than
finging.** (Conf. b. x. ch. xxxiii. § 2.) The corruption of ecclefiafti-
cal mufic is reprehended by John of Salifbury in the time of Henry II.
(Gerbert de Cantu, ii. p. 96 \) the Council of Trent, SefT. xxiv. c. ii,
and the Divines of 1640. fCardw. Conf. 274.) Hooker calls good
chanting a melodious recitation. (Ecc. Pol. b. v. c. xxxviii. § 3.)|
' The Levite and chief of the temple fingers, (i Chron. xxil i,}
50 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
pfalms, and hymns, and fpiritaal fbngs. Sarely he would
not have expreiTed hirofelf in fuch variety of phrafe, I
think, if he had not approved variety of muiic in the fer-
vice of the Lord. Some will fay perad venture. What if
this daily duty of making prayers to God were intermitted
in cathedral churches, might it not . be fupplied in other
parochial churches ? I have but thus much to fay to this
objedtion. Prayer is the incenfe which afcends up to
Heaven and brings down God's bleiling upon us; for
four fcore and two years without interruption God hath
continued true religion among us, and bleiTed this kingdom
with peace and profperity, and not without the daily afiift-
ance of the prayers of cathedral churches. How the Lord
will difpofe of us if thofe places be filenced touching the
frequency of that holy duty, it is only in the foreknow-
ledge of God, and no man can guefs it.
*' Secondly, I will proceed to the other wing of the
cherubim, the great power of God to work our converfion
and falvation, which is preaching; and therein the ufe
and convenience of cathedral and collegiate churches hath
been, and we hope may continue fo to be very great.
May it pleafe you, Mr. Speaker, and this Honourable
Houfe, it muft be confeiTed that in the beginning of the
Reformation under Queen Elizabeth of blefled memory^
many of our parochial churches were fupplied with men
of flight and eafy parts ; but elpecial care was taken that
in our cathedral churches, to which great concourfes did
refort, men of very able parts were planted to preach both
on the Lord's Day and on fome week-day, as appears by
Dr. Alley ,1 afterwards Bifhop of Exeter, who preached
fuch learned fermons in the Church of S. Paul's, that he
hath left unto us good matter to collect out of him even
hence called a prophet. (Ibid. zxv. 5^2 Chron. xxix. 30; xxxv. 15.
He wrote Pfalms 1. Ixxiii.-lxxxiii.)
1 William Alley, S.T.P., born at Great Wycombe, educated at
Eton ; iludied at Oxford, but afterwards Fellow of King's College,
Cambridge ; one of the Tranflators of the Pentateuch ; Vicar of Whit-
church, 1560; Canon of S. PauKs, 1559 ; confecrated to Exeter July
14, 1560 ; died 1570, and is buried at Exeter.
His Speech before the Parliament, 51
to this day. And give me leave, Mr. Speaker, to take
occaiion from hence to refel that ilander which fome have
cafl out, that ledlure-preachers are a new corporation, up-
ftarts, and fuch other words of obloquy. Sir, this is no-
thing but ignorance and malice; for as the local Statutes ^
of all, or the moft cathedral churches do require ledure-
fermons on the week-days, fo from the beginning of the
Reformation they have been read in them by very able
Divines. And it is our humble fuit, Mr. Speaker, unto
this Honourable Houfe, that if our local ftatutes have not
laid enough upon us in the godly and profitable perform-
ance of preaching, that by the ailiftance of this Honourable
Houfe more may be . exa6led ; particularly that two fer-
mons may be preached in every cathedral and collegiate
church upon the Lord*s Day, and one at the leaft on the
week-days.^ Our motion comes from this confideration,
that the Divines, for the moft part, are ftudied and able
men to perform them; and thofe churches are ufually
fupplied with large and copious libraries, and the monu-
ments of antiquity, councils, Others, modern authors,
fchoolmen, cafuifls, and many books muft be turned over
by him that will utter that which fhould endure the teft,
and convince gainfayers.
** In the third place, Mr. Speaker, I fhall name that
whofe ufe and convenience is fo nearly and irrefragably
^ Knight in his life of Colet ftatea that he procured a fettlement for
ever to found a Ledbire, to be read at S. PauPs three days in every
week by the Chancellor of the church, or his fufficient deputy. The
I«£hire was read daily. (Grindars Life, b. i. c. 6.) The Preledor of
Hereford preaches on moftTuefdays in the year. At Chichefter there
is a Theological Lecturer, who is Prebendary of Wittering. Biihop
Gravefend when founding a Divinity Le^re at S. PauPs in 1394^
fays, in that cathedral exceptionally, in England fuch leAures had not
been given. The Chancellor was the weekly Theological Le£hirer in
Canon Law at Exeter, founded by Quivil, 1283. (Comp. Afts of Convoc.
156a ; Strype*s Annals, i. c. 131, p. 350.) At Canterbury there are
fix Preachen; and in Cathedrals of the new foundation, — Carlifle,
Durham, and Peterborough, Divinity Readers were inftituted, as at
Lichfield and Hereford, on Wednefdays and Fridays. (Whitgift*8
Life, b. ii. ch. 3, 4 ; fee my Cathedralia, Art. Chancellor,)
' See Cardw. Conf. vii. 274.
52 Life of Bijhop Racket.
concerned by the profperity of cathedral and collegiate
churches, that it is as palpable as if you felt it with your
handy and that is the advancement and encouragement of
learning, a benefit of that confideration, that I am afTured
it doth deeply enter into the thoughts of this Honourable
Houfe. And becaufe our years afcend up by degrees,
therefore I will follow this fpeculation through three of
thofe afcenfions. Firfl, touching our puny years in
grammar fchools. Secondly, touching young ftudents in
the Univerfities that enter into their firft courfe of divinity.
Thirdly, touching grave Divines of great proficiency, who
maintain the caufe of true religion by their learned pen.^
And firft, our principal grammar fchools in the kingdom
are maintained by the charity of thofe churches, the care
and difcipline of them is fet forward by their overfight,
fit mafters are provided for them, and their method in
teaching frequently examined ; and great caufe for it, for
fchoolmafters of late have grown fo fanciful, inducing new
methods and compendiums of teaching, which tend to no-
thing but lofs of time and ignorance ; fo that it is not
enough to nominate Governors to look unto them once in
a twelvemonth or every half year, but there muft be care
without intermiilion to fee that they fwerve not, as like-
wife for this uie, that the moft deferving fcholars be tranf-
planted to the Univerfities by their examination and
choice ; fo that thefe young feminaries of learning depend
upon them, and would come to lamentable decay if they
had not fuch Governors.
** For the next rank of young ftudents that are to begin
the ftudy of Divinity, it muft be confefied by all men that
are converfant in the general experience of the world, that
they will be far more induftrious when they fee rewards
prepared which may recompenfe the cofts which they put
their friends to in their education, and make them fome
recompenfe for their great labours. It is reprefented be-
fore them how many tedious days and nights they muft
devour prolix authors that are fet before them, had they
not need of encouragement to undergo it? and where
His Speech before the Parliament, 53
there is not a defirable prize to run for, who will toil
himfelf much to contend for it ? Upon the fear and jea-
loufy that thefe retributions of labour fhould be taken
away from induftrious ftudents, the Univeriities of the
realm do feel a languor and a pining away already in
both their bodies. In a populous College, I mean Trinity
College, in Cambridge, wherein feventy or eighty fludents
were admitted communibus annis, I have heard by two
witnefles of that Society, that not above £ix. were admitted
from Allhalland Day to Eailer Eve. Let any man afk the
bookfellers of Paul's Churchyard and Little Britain,^ if
their books, (I mean grave and learned authors,} do not
lie upon their hand, and are not faleable. There is a
timorous imagination abroad, as if we were (hutting up
learning in a cafe, and laying it quite afide. Mr. Speaker,
if the bare threatening make fuch a flop in all kind of
literature, what would it work if the blow were given ?
To this end both the Univerfities have fent up their
humble petitions to this Honourable Houfe, which we
greatly defire may gracioufly be admitted.
** The third rank are thofe that are the chariots and
horfemen of Ifrael, the champions of Christ's caufe againft
the adverfary by their learned pen. And thofe that have
left us their excellent labours in this kind, excepting fome
few, have either been the ProfefTors and Commorants in
the two Univerfities, or fuch as have had preferments in
collegiate or cathedral churches, as I am able to fhow by
a catalogue of their names and works. For fuch, and
none but fuch, are furnifhed with befl opportunity to
write books for the defence of our religion. For as in
the Univerfities the fociety of many learned men may be
had for advice and difcourfe, fo when we depart from
them to live abroad, we find fmall academies in the com-
pany of many grounded fcholars in thofe foundations ; and
1 Near Chrift*8 Hofpital, leading out of Alderfgate Street. Its
name u a corruption of Britain Street, from the Duke of Brittany
having lived in it. Hutton fayi, in 1708 many eminent bookfellers
lived in it. (ii. 48.)
54 Lip of Bijhop Racket.
it is difcourfe that ripens learnings as the fpark of fire is ftruck
out between the flint and the fteel. There likcwife we
have copious and well furnifhed libraries to perufe learned
authors of all kinds, which muft be confulted in great
caufes; and they that have fuch great buflnefs in their
heads, it is needful that they have otium literarium, a re-
tirement to their ftudies, before they can bring that forth
which will powerfully convince gainfayers.
" In the fourth place, Mr. Speaker, and this Honour-
able Houfe, I fhall allege that which is the genuine and
proper ufe of cathedral churches, and for which they were
primarily inftituted ; that is, that the Deans and Chapters
fhould be the council of the Bifhop,^ to afiifl him in his
jurifdidlion and greateft cenfures, if any thing be amifs
either in the do6lrine or in the manners of the clergy.
Some of our reverend brethren have complained unto you
that our Bifliops have for many years ufurped fole jurifdic-
tion to themfelves and to their own confiftory, and have
difufed the Prefbyters from concurring with them. I am
not he that can aflbil this objection, nor will I ezcuie this
omiifion as if it were not contrary to the beft antiquity.
It is not to be denied that Ignatius, Cyprian, Hierom,
Auftin, and others have required that fome grave and
difcrete Prefbyters fhould be fenatus epifcopi, and be ad-
vifers with him in his coniiftory.^ And as by negligence
it hath been difufed, fo if it be eftablifhed in the right
form again it will give great fatisfa£lion to the Church of
God. But it feemeth ftrange to me that when this re-
formation is called for, the corporations of Deans and
Chapters fhould be cried down, who were employed in
this work by very ancient inftitution. What canonifl is
there that doth not refer us unto them for this fervice ef-
^ See my Cathedralia, art. Chapter. Prefl>yteri Senatus £pi(copi.
(See Bingham, b. ii. c. 3cix. § vii. S. Chryf. de Sacerd. 1. iii. c. xv. ;
Apoft. Conft. 1. ii. c. xxxviii. ; S. Cyp. £p. Iv. ad Cornel, p. 139;
Hieron. in Jef. iii. torn. v. p. 16 ; S. Ignat. £p. ad Magnef. n. xiii. \
£d. Cotel. ii. 62 ; Theod. v. c. iii. p. 202.)
3 See Bp. Saye*8 Princ. of the Cyprianic Age, vol. iii. c. iv. Oxford,
1846, and my £ngliih Ordinal, c. v. pp. 202-216.
His Speech before the Parliament* 55
pecially ? If it be replied that fome able and confcionable
minifters may be aflumed to a£ift the Bifhop in his jurifdic-
tion, and in his ordination out of feveral parifhes in his dio*
cefe, I anfwer, that it is very likely that by this courie the
fole jurifdidlion would fall into the Bifhop's hands again ;
for when minifters (hall be called unto this afliflance, and
have nothing but their travail, and their performance of
juftice for their labour, they will foon grow weary of it,
whereas the Deans and Chapters do owe that duty to this
office, that they have rewards for taking that pains, and
fland under the forfeiture of their places by the prime in-
tent of their foundations if they be not helpful in it. If
therefore we defire that epifcopal jurifdi6lion may be re-
duced from the fole government of one man to a plurality
of affiflants, this is the native, the proper, the fure way to
bring it to pafs.
** The laft ufe of Deans and Chapters touching things
of great moment is, that the ftru6lures themfelves fhould
(peak for the ftrudlures ; not that I would draw your
eyes only to behold the goodly fabrics, as the Difciples
remembered our Saviour, ' Mailer, what manner of ftones
are thefe f but to put you in remembrance, Mr. Speaker,
that after the firft foundations of Chriftianity were laid in
this kingdom, the firft monuments of piety that were built
in this kingdom were cathedral churches ; for parochial
churches are their minors and nephews, and fucceeded
after them. What ill prefage therefore were this to reli-
gion ? I will not utter it, that thofe churches which were
the firft harbours *of Chriftian religion, fhould in this age
fufier in thofe perfons who are intruded with their repar-
ation, and have the care and cuftody of them.
** And thus, may it pleafe you, Mr. Speaker, and this
Honourable Houfe, I have delivered with as much brevity
as I could the great ufe and conveniency of cathedral and
collegiate churches in things of great avail and moment ;
for prayer and preaching, and advancement of learning
and ecclefiaftical government, and the flruAures of the
churches themfelves. Divers perfons alfo I have to name
56 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
that are concerned in their welfare ; and I know that the
great and honourable juflice of this Houfe will take into
confideration the condition of the meaneft fubje6l of this
realm, much more of fo many.
** Becaufe I will afcend up by degrees, let me firft ofier
unto you, Mr. Speaker, the multitudes of officers that
have their maintenance, and no other livelihood but by
them, fome one cathedral church having three hundred
perfons and more depending upon it,^ as iinging-men,
choriflers, alms-men, fchoolmaflers and their fcholars,
with fundry other miniflers that attend the church and
the revenues of it, fo that the total number will arife to
many thoufands. And give me leave, I befeech you, to
fpeak thus much for the quire-men and their faculty of
mufic, that they maintain a fdence which is in no fmall
requeft with diverfe worthy gentlemen. A civil common-
wealth delights in fofter mufic than in drums and trumpets.
And by the education of chorifters from their childhood
in that faculty, you have many muficians that come to
great perfedion in that fkill ; few others that prove to
be better than minflrels and fiddlers. And thofe being
brought up to no other education, by the diflblution of
Deans and Chapters, you (hall not only reduce them to
the utmofl of poverty, but to the greateft fnare of the
Devil, and the ground wherein he fows the feeds of all
temptations to unavoidable idleneis, iince they are not
trained up to any other employment.
** In the next order, Mr. Speaker, I move thb Honour-
able Houfe to the confideration of the tenants who have
profpered better by holding leafes horn Deans and Chap-
ters, than ^rmers elfewhere do profper under Other in-
corporations over all the kingdom. And the tenants are
fenfible of their own happine^ herein, and have teftified it
from many places by tendering their humble petitions to
^ Durham had the largeft number of members, 139. Upon the
whole queflion of Cathedrals, and the points touched on by Hadcet^ I
muft refer the reader to my Cathedralia.
His Speech before the Parliament, 57
this Honoarable Hoafe, that they may continue, as they
have done, under their ancient landlords, which with all
fubmiffion we muft humbly crave may be admitted and
peruied by this Honourable Houfe. And I cannot blame
them to ftir in their own cafe, for good accountants have
cafl it up, that if all the lands of all cathedral and collegiate
churches were cafl up into one total fum at a reafonable
and fair pennyworth, allowing to the Deans and Chapters
what they receive yearly, not only in rents but in fines,
the tenants in clear gain do enjoy fix -parts in feven at the
leafi. And we are not they that grudge them this bar-
gain, but are moft willing that our revenues (hould be
difperfed in all the veins of the kingdom.
** Be pleafed, Mr. Speaker, to look now upon the cities
where thefe cathedral churches (land, many of them,
efpecially thofe that are not maritime, are very poor in
trade, but are much enriched partly by the hofpitality of
the clergy, partly becaufe great numbers of the inhabitants
are chofen to be the officers of our churches, partly by the
frequent refort unto them, efpecially where there are large
and well furnifhed libraries, the great repofitories of learn-
ing. Thefe corporations, which are now the flrong ribs
of the kingdom, will become penfioners and eleemofynaries,
^11 to irrecoverable decay if the help of Deans and Chap-
ters be fubflraded from them.
** But put into the fcale with thefe cities, that refpe£l
which is to be had to the young branches of the whole
kingdom, and the weight will be very ponderous. All
men are not born elder brothers, and all elder brothers
are not born to be inheritors of lands. Divers of low
degree have generous fpirits in them, and would be glad
to make themfelves a fortune, as the phrafe is. What
hopes have they to achieve this in a more ready way,
than to propofe unto themfelves to lead a virtuous and in-
duftrious life, that they may attain to a fhare of the en-
dowment of collegiate and cathedral churches ? they only
are the common pofleffion of the realm, lying open to all
that will qualify themfelves to get a part in them* They
58 Life ofBiJhop Hacket.
are not inclofed in private men's efbtes, but they are the
commons of the kingdom.
*' With all humble leave, Mr. Speaker, now let us pro-
ceed to fpeak a little for ourfclves, in behalf of the clergy.
We hear it by fuch as have travelled in parts beyond the
feas, (mod of this Honourable Houfe know it to be true
that I fhall allege in their own experience,) that this king-
dom of England, God be praifed, affords better livelihood
to mod degrees and ranks than the neighbour kingdoms
do. The knights and efquires live more plentifully than
theirs, our yeomanry far more fafhionably than their pea-
fants. Then we trull it will not be thought unreafonable
that the clergy may in fome fort have a better maintenance
than in the neighbouring reformed churches. Otherwife
we Ihall become the moft vile and contemptible part of
the State becaufe of our poverty ; and we fhall degenerate
into fuch priefls as Jeroboam appointed, the refufe and
moil bafe of the people, from whom nothing can be ex*
pedled but ignorance, fuperilition, and idolatry. Neither
is our ellate better than all other reformed churches
in this cafe; for I have heard it from them that have
diligently travelled over all the reformed Churches in Ger-
many, that the clergy among the Swedes have fuch colle-
giate chapters,' with means endowed to the ufe of the
government of the Church as we have. And the reformed
in France and the Low Countries do fufficiently teftify
how much they defire that they were partners of the like
profperity, becaufe many of their rareft fcholars have
found great relief and comfort by being inftalled Preben-
daries in our cathedral and collegiate churches. I will
fpeak but of a few whom myfelf hath known. In the
reign of blefTed Queen Elizabeth, Dr. Saravia^ was main-
tained in thefe foundations; in the reign of the moft
learned King James, Cafaubon,^ hthtt and fon. O the
renowned Cafaubon, the father, what a miracle of learn-
f UtllieiUmy, l^^ y H afted*8 Kent, iv. 6ia.
ifaubon, born Feb. fSy 15599 at Geneva; F
' Ifaac Cafaubon
Greek at Paris, and Canon of
Profeflbr of
Canterbury, 161 1; died in England
Ja^a nan Saravia. a Oermai by birth, D.D. Oxford, 1590 %
— — kM^a^ ^f Southampton School.
His Speech before the Parliament,
59
ing ! Add unto thefc Dr. Primrofe,^ Mr. Voflius,^ and
the great honour of the reformed Churches, the mod
learned Dr. Peter Moulin.^ Concerning whom let me
add, with your leave, Mr. Speaker, what he wrote lately
to an honourable perfbn out of France, that by reafon of
great preparations of war in France, he feared it would
be dangerous for him to live any longer in Sedan; if
troubles increafed he would come for England ; but if the
entrates of his prebend, and what elfe he enjoyed in this
Church were cut off, the whole livelihood of himfelf, his
wife, and children ihould be taken from him. A pitiful
moaning, and to be regarded. But the teflimony of an
adverfary is that which may mofl lawfully be ufed to ad-
vantage. The greatell enemy and fouNtongued reviler of
the reformed Church of England was Sanders,^ in his
book of the Englifh Schifm, as he terms it. Confult him
in the 163rd page, as it is in my edition, how he envies
us, and fnarls at us for our profperity of thofe forenamed
churches, — he fays that the Royal Queen did judge it fit
for the glory of her prelacy, for the fplendour of her
kingdom, for the firmnefs of her fe6l, (fo he calls our
1614, and was buried in Weftminfter Abbey. ^Moreri, ii. 175 $ ICen-
net, MS. Lanf. 986, fo. 144; Hafted, iv. 616.) CLut- {c/u^^i^ >^^f* <7^
Meric Cafaubon, D.D., his Ton, born at Geneva, 1599 ; Student of
Chrift-Church ; Canon of Canterbury ; Redor of Bledon ; Redor of
Ickbam; died 1671. (Moreri, ib. ; A. O. ii. 353; Walker*s SmS*
ii. p. 8.)
' Gilbert Primrofe, of the French Church, London, D.D. Oxon.
1604; Canon of Windfor, July 21, 1628. (Le Neve, iii. p. 400.)
Chaplain in Ordinary; died in Chifwell Street, 164). (Le Neve*i
Fafti. Ed. Hardy, iii. 402 ; Wood*s Fafti. i. 419.)
' Gerard John Voflius, bom near Heidelberg, 1577; Ph.D. Ley-
den ; Redor of the Univerfity of Leyden ; D.C.L. Oxford, 1629 ;
Canon of Canterbury, 1629$ Profeflbr of Hiftory at Amfterdam,
1630; died 1649. For a lift of his books fee Moreri, viii. 175; -.^. H*
(Le Neve, iii. 404 ; Hafted, iv. 620 ; Wood, A. O. i. Fafti. z(iS^%fO/^ ^
» Peter du Moulin, S.T.P. Cambridge, 16155 Canon of Cantfc- {' '^^^^
bury, 1615 s Profeflbrat Sedan, and died there 1658. (Hafted, iv. ^^^jUU'^^li^
610 ; A. O. Fafti. i. 329.) For his works, fee Moreri, vi. \?^*^ ViTfld i- '^ i m rfi ^
* Nicholas Sanders, D.D., Fellow of New College, Oxford, 1548 j /^tini)*^^^
Profcffor of Theology at Louvainc. (See my William of Wykcham *'"^*^
and his Colleges, p. 400.)
]keiJU y^ ts^^j^-i^oJ^^t^
j3.
. jj ..'tf
6o Life ofBiJhop Racket .
religion) that in cathedral and collegiate churches ihe
would have Provofts, Deans, Prebendaries, Canons. This
was it that troubled him, that he faw thefe foundations
conduced to the (lability of religion. So that I judge by
his words a ^tter facrifice could not be offered up. to fuch
as himfelf than the extirpation of them.
" I go forward now to that benefit which the King and
Commonwealth, taking them in uno aggregato^ do reap by
them. They that think themfelves cunning in the King's
revenue do inform us, that we do pay greater fums to the
exchequer by firft-fruits, tenths, and fubfidies, according to
the proportions which we enjoy by them, than any other
ellates or corporations in the kingdom : befide horfe and
arms which we find for the defence of the realm againft
all enemies and invafions. And this we iflue forth with
moft free and contented hearts. Neither would we ftop
here. We are not ignorant with what continual diligence
and Iludy this Honourable Houfe doth forecall to provide
great fums of money for two armies, and fundry other
great occafions. God forbid but we fhould have public
fpirits as well as other men. And if we be called upon
to contribute in an extraordinary manner to this great
charge of the kingdom which now lies upon it, we ihall
be ready to do it to the utmoft of our ability, yea,
and beyond our ability ; and if we fail in it, let us be
branded with your anger and cenfures for our fordid covct-
oufnefs.
" Now we fliall come to a high pitch, imploring the
ancient and mod honourable jullice of this Houfe, and for
the fake of that ^mous and ever renowned juftice, we
hope to find grace in your eyes. We are now by the
admittance of your Honours' favour under that roof, where
your worthy progenitors gave unto the clergy many char-
ters, privileges, immunities, and enaded thofe Ilatutes by
which we have the free right and liberty in all that we
have. We read it in records, that in the beginnings of
many Parliaments in the firfl place, divers favours were
conferred upon us, and we believe the fubfequent confulta-
His Speech before the Parliament. 6i
tions i^red the better for it. Indeed we meet with dories
likewife that the Prior aliens^ are vaniihed out of England,
that the Orders of S. John of Jerufalem, and the Knights
Templars were diflblved.^ It is true, Mr. Speaker, and
they defcrved it ; their crimes proved manifeftly againft
them were moft flagitious, and fome of them no lefs than
high treafon. God be praifed we are not charged, much
lefs convidled of any fcandalous faults. And therefore we
trail we ihall not fufler the like fate, who have not com-
mitted the like offences.
** And after our calling ourlclves upon your honourable
jullice, I will lead you to the higheft degree of all con-
fiderations, to^the honour of God. The fabrics that I
fpeak of were ere£led to His glory, the lands bequeathed
to them were dedicated to His worfhip and fcrvice. And
to that end I befeech you to let them continue for ever,
and to the maintenance of fuch perfons whom their liber-
ality did exprefsly defline to be relieved by them ; and
withal I mull inform you, and I dare not conceal it from
you, it is tremenda vox which I . ihall bring forth, that
they have barred all alienation with many curfes and im-
precations. It is God's own fentence upon the ceniers,
which Core and his complices uied in their fchifm with
pretence to do God's fervice. (Num. xvi. 38.) They
oflered them before the Lord, therefore they are hallowed.
This is not fpoken after the way of a Levitical form and
nicety, for the uiing of thoie cenfers was an ti- Levitical;
but this is an abfolute theological rule out of the mouth of
the Lord, that which is offered unto the Lord is hal-
' The alien priories were cells of reli^ous houfes in England be-
longing to foreign monafteries ; they were iirft feized by Edward I.,
1285, and again by Edward II. ; Edward III. confifcated their eftates,
1337-61. In the fecond year of Henry V. they were diflblved by
Ad of Parliament, and Henry VI. and Archbifhop Chichele endowed
their^ew foundations with their lands. (Mon. Angl, viii. 985.)
' By the Council of Vienne the Templars, founded 11 18, were
fupprqired on charges now believed to have been falfe. (Emiliaune,
p. 2781) The Order of S. John, founded c 1099, ftill exifts. (Il»d.
»77-) \
62 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
lowed. Again, Prov. zx. 25, It is a fnare to the man
that devoureth that which is holy. This is proverbial
Divinity, every man's notion, and in every man's mouthy
vapoifua prjfiA iv toa* oifMK XaXovfiepov, theology
preached in every ftreet of the city, and every high way
of the field. Let me only add that fmart quefUon of
S. Paul, Rom ii. 22, Thou that abhorred idols, doft
thoQ commit facrilege? I have done, Mr. Speaker, if
you will let me add this epiphonema. Upon the ruins of
the rewards of learning no ftrudure can be raifed up bat
ignorance ; and upon the chaos of ignorance no ftru^^ure
can be built but profanenefs and confufion."
In the afternoon it was put to the queftion, and
carried by many votes, that their revenues fhould
not be taken away ; yet not long after, in the fame
Seffion, after a mofl unparliamentary manner, they
put it to a fecond vote, and without a fecond hear-
ing voted the contrary.^
[19.] And now all things tending to violence, it
was no longer fafe to debate thefe things publicly,
therefore at his houfe were held conftant meetings
of the loyal Clergy, Bifhops often, and others,
Morton,^ Brownrig,^ Holdfworth,* JefFries,^ and
many more, who from thence wrote letters all over
^ Collier fays that he produced fach an impreflion, that if the
Alienation had then been put to the qaeftion, it is thought that it
would have gone in the negative by a majority of 120. (Ecclef. Hift.
viii. 209.) For the reply of Burgefs, fee A. O. iii. 687.
' See p. 43.
' See p. 33.
* See p. 23.
s John Jefferies, S.T.P., Fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge ;
Chaplain to Archbifhop Abbot ; Re^r of Old Romney ; Vicar of
Feveriham and Ticehurft ; Canon of Canterbury, 1629, he was (equef-
tered for his adherence to the Church of England ; died 1658.
(Hafted*8 Kent, iv. 93 ; Lloyd*8 Memoirs, 531 ; Walker*s Sufierings,
ii. 7 ; D*£wes*s Autobiography, i. 137, 138, 147, 181, 250; and Col-
lege life in the time of James I.)
He holds Meetings of Clergy. 63
England to all Divines of learning and reputation,
efpecially of the Univerfity of Cambridge, to know
how they ftood af&fled ; ^a vobis mentesj reSla
qua flare folebantf^znii to engage them to ftand
&ft m the caufe of the King and Church. Amongft
others. Dr. Brownrig, having been formerly ac-
quainted, fent to old Mr. Dod^ the decalogift
for his opinion ; who anfwered. That he had been
fcandalifed with the proud and tyrannical practices
of the Marian Bifhops, but now after more than
fixty years' experience of many Proteftant Bifhops
that had been worthy preachers, learned and ortho-
dox writers, great champions for the Proteftant
caufe, he wifhed all his friends not to be any impe-
diment to them, and exhorted all men not to take
up arms againft the King, which was his do£lrine
(he faid) upon the Fifth Commandment, and he
would never depart from it. Likewife letters were
written bv them to many foreign Divines to try
their affediion in that day of need, — Blondel,^ Vof-
fius,3 Hornbeck,* and (whom he moft condoled)
Salmafius,^ were fent to in vain, though afterwards
that great fcholar came off from his rigour, and
made ample amends for his error. Voffius con-
' John Dody Author of the Expofition of the Ten Commandraents,
pubh/hed at London, 1635, born at Shortlidge, 1550; Fellow of Jefus
College, Cambridge, and a noted Puritan ; he was filenced by Bi/hop
Bridget and Archbiihop Abbot ; he died at Fauftly, aged 96. (Neafs
Puritans, iii. 270.)
' David Blondel, of Chalons, Champagne, a French reformed paftor
of Haudan, 16 14; tJie fucceflbr of Voflius as ProfefTor of Hiftory at
Amfterdam, 1650. (Moreri, ii. 306.)
' See p. 59.
* John Hornbock, D.D., Profcflbr of Theology at Utrecht, 1644,
and Li^ge, 1654; born at Haarlem 1617; Paftor at Cologne, 1639 ;
died Sept. x, x666. (Moreri, iv. I39>)
' Claude Salmafius, born at Saumaife-le-duc, Burgundy, 1588 ; the
fucceflbr of Scaliger as Profeflbr of Hiftory at Leyden ; he was always
in controverfy. (Ibid. vii. i»5.) . r /
oJ(Uvx.0»piCL <3kJun> difiA*^c^ iUyyi^rtl t>uM^>.{^M4J. ef/l^^^
J^Tf\/^j^ afid of
L^iXi^U ^^fi^S ^^^ Prebend at Canterbury in their pofleffion,
^T^ A ^ which Kine Charles I. conferred upon him with
'f, J^ fi^MM W*"^'* *^i^S ^^"•"■^^^ •■■• ^^"ACllCU UpVMl 111111 WlUl
/^m^JiA^j:^^^^^ liber^ty. Deodat* wrote firm for the Epif-
^ /^^ copal Government firom Geneva, and accufed the
^^^J^ Prefbyterians of fchifm. Hugo Grotius^ iaid, no-
^ j^^^^ thing happened but what the wife King James had
/J^* -s foretold, and he now beheld with great horrors.
J*'*y^^ Epifcopius^ much pitied the fufferings of the King's
V^^^fi^ Divines, and particularly of Dr. Ward,* whom he
J J accounted the moft learned member of the Synod
?f~^-^^o^ Dort. Monfieur Amyrald^ declared himielf a
lu^'^^^^tf^'^^^ to Epifcopacy in a feleft traftate fent hither,
c*u*iM . ^j^i^jj Qj^g Qf ^jj^^ party borrowed and would never
7 JL/^_,: ^reftore, and fo it could not be printed. He who
J\ 'V^^wzs thus zealous both in and out of his pulpit in
JVcv. ^ J the King's and Church's caufe, could not be long
permitted to officiate in the City of London. One
Sunday, while he was reading the Common Prayer
in his church, a foldier of the Earl of Eflex came
and clapped a piftol to his breaft, and commanded
him to read no further ; the Dod^or fmiled at his inib-
lency in that (acred place, and not at all terrified, (aid
be would do what became a Divine, and he might do
what became a foldier ; fb the tumult for that time
was quieted, and the Doftor permitted to proceed.
' John Deodatus, born at Lucca, Paftor of Geneva^ died 1649.
(Hoffman, ii. 42.)
' Hugo Grodus, born at Delft, 1583 ; Penfionaiy of Rotterdam,
16 13 ; died at Roftock 1645, buried at Delft.
* Simon Epifcopius, Profeflbr of Theology at I>yden, being the
fucceflbr of Gomar, born at Amfterdam 1583 ; Paftor at Amfterdam ;
at the Hague he declared, i6ix, in favour of Arminius, and being de-
pofed, x6i8, at the Council of Dort, retired to France; but returning
in 1626, he became Minifter of Remonftrants at Rotterdam ; he died
1643 at Amfterdam. (Hoffitnan, ii. 97.)
* See p. 44. Y t ot ^ "^
» Mofes Amyrald, of Salmur, he died 1665. j^Ho^mfl^.i • ^9*]
His device in burying a Puritan, 65
[Another inftance of his coolnefs and prudence
is related by Bifhop Spratt in his difcourfe to his
Clergy, 1695, Hacket having been identified by
Granger.^
It was immediately after the happy Reftoration of
Charles 11. , when together with the rights of the
Crown and the Englifh liberties, the Church and
the liturgy were alfo newly reftored, that a noted
ringleader of fchifm in the former times was to be
buried in one of the principal churches of London.
The minifter of the parifh, being a wife and regular
Conformift, and he was afterwards an eminent
Bifhop in our Church, well knew how averfe the
friends and relations of the deceafed had always been
to the Common Prayer, which by hearing .it fo
often called a low rudiment, a beggarly element,
and carnal ordinance, they were brought to con-
temn to that degree, that they (hunned all occafions
of being acquainted with it. Wherefore, in order to
the interment of their friend, in fome fort, to their
iatisfadtion, yet fo as not to betray his own truft,
he ufed this honeft method to undeceive them.
Before the day appointed for the funeral he was at
pains to learn the whole Office of Burial by heart ;
and then, the time being come, there being a great
concourfe of men of the fame fimatical principles,
when the company heard all delivered by him with-
out book, with a free readinefs, and profound gra-
vity, and unaiFedled compofure of voice, looks, and
geftures, and a very powerful emphafis in every
part, (as indeed his talent was excellent that way,)
they were ftrangely furprifed and affefted, profefling
that they had never heard a more fuitable exhorta-
tion, or a more edifying exercife even from the
very beft and moft precious men of their own per-
•*' ♦• * Biogr. Hift. ▼. 10, 11.
F
66 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
fuafion. But they were afterwards much more
furprifed and confounded, when the fame perfon
who had officiated afTured the principal men among
them, that not one period of all he had fpoken was
his own; and convinced them by ocular demon-
ftration how all was taken word for word out of
the very office ordained for that purpofe In the poor
contemptible Book of Common Prayer.^
In 1655 Dr. Bull, afterwards Bifhop of S. Da-
vid's, then Vicar of S. George's, Briftol, learned the
Baptifmal Service by heart for a fimilar purpofe.^]
[20.] But the war being begun, and all things in
confiifion, the orthodox and loyal Clergy were every
where articled againft, and ejedted, committed to
prifons without accommodations, but upon unrea-
sonable payments, fuch as they were unable to make.
In the City of London and parifhes adjacent, one
hundred and fifteen Parochial Minifters were turned
out, befides many hundreds in all counties more than
ever had been in all Queen Mary's, Queen Eliza-
beth's, and King James's, or King Charles's reigns
by the Bifhops of all forts. Some few ftadlious
parifhioners articled againfl him at the Committee
of Plunderers, and he was advifed by Mr. Selden
that it was in vain to make defences, they would
never permit him to preach in that public theatre,
but he mufl retire to Cheam, and he would endea-
vour to keep him quiet there ; but thither alfb the
florm followed him, for the Earl of EfTex his army
being upon their march againft the King, took him
prifoner away with them, till after fome time he
was brought before EfTex himfelf and others, who
knew him, and had often heard him preach at
Whitehall, who made him great proffers if he would
turn to their fide, which he difdained to accept.
> Life, p. 34.
He perjifts in ujing the Prayer Book. 67
They kept on their march, and, as he would fay,
at length the princes of the people let him go
free.
[21.] From that time he lay hid in his little villa,
as Gregory the Great did in his little Sazimus,^
which he would pleafantly call, SeneSlutis fua nidu-
lum. There he conftantly preached every Sunday
morning, expounded the Church Catechifm every
afternoon, read the Common Prayer all Sundays
and Holy Days, continued his wonted charity to all
poor people that reforted to it upon the week-days
in moneyj befides other relief out of his kitchen,
till the Committee of Surrey enjoined him to forbear
the ufe of it by order of Parliament at any time,
and his catechiling out of it upon Sunday in the
afternoon. Yet after this order he ever ftill kept
up the ufe of it in moft parts, never omitting the
Creed, Lord's Prayer, and Ten Commandments,
Confeflion and Abfolution, and many other particular
Colle£ls, and always as foon as the Church Service
was done abfolved the reft at home, with moft earneft
prayers for the good fuccefs of His Majefty's armies,
of which he was ever in great hope, till the tidings
came of the moft unfortunate battle at Nazby,
[June 14, 1645.] ^^ ^^s ^^^ morning at an ef-
pecial friend's houfe ready to fit down to dinner,
but when the news came, he defired leave to retire,
went to his chamber, and would not dine, but
fafted and prayed, all that day, and then was afraid
that excellent King and caufe was loft; ufing to
1 Saffimas, (SaiTuniy) a poor fuffragan fee of Cappadocia, ** famed
for being the feat of S. Gregory Nazianxen," (CoIlier*s Di6t.,) which
that Father cordially detefted. (Carxn, de Vita Sua, vol. ii. p. 7 ;
Greg. Preib. in vita Nazianz. p. 14.) From the Regifters I find that
the intruded minifters were 1 644, Twift, Obad. Sedgwick, and Veare
Hai court ; 1647, Nowlton and Deverey ; 1648, Bowton, and S. Feake ;
and 1652, Morgan Hopton.
He was fequefteitd hm S. Andrew^ Rolboni, on I^. X3? i^5»
ind was fucceeded by Twifi And Sedgwkk. (Bdwr MS. vmu 4aS ;
Walkrr*ii !;»AVriii0«^ am\
68 Life of Bijhop Racket.
fav of Cromwell, as the hiftorian of Marius,^
He led the army, and ambition led him; and
therefore looked for nothing but the ruin that
came.
He was naturally of a very pleafant and cheerful
temper, but bA news made his foul retire a great
way further into him, and quite of another humour.
Indeed no man was more troubled and anguftiated
in mind for the miferies and diftreffes of this Church
and kingdom ; I have often heard his deep fighs,
and his great complaints when he did profefs he did
only breathe, but not live. I have feen the heavi-
nefs of his eyes when he fpoke nothing, his grave
and ripe wifdom made him apprehend fears more
deeply than other people did. But when his Ma-
jefty's fufferings in perfon came, no man could con-
jefture the load of forrow that was upon him. He
would fay he felt his old heart wither within him,
and could not but figh away his fpirit \ he Y^ould
often repent he had done no more by preaching and
writing to prevent it ; and after the King's death,
frequently defired nothing elfe but to depart from
this world of fin and fufFering, crying out, Saturfum
omnium qua video aut audio.
But next to the death of his Royal Majefty, he
would bewail the cutting up the pleafant vine of the
Church of England, and alienating the Church's
patrimony, together with thofe of the King, Queen,
loyal nobility, and gentry, whereby the whole king-
dom of England was then in the hands of unjuft
pofleffors.
For the City's abetting this bloody war, he was
now grown to a ftrong averfation towards London,
the place where he was horn, baptized, and bred,
and nothing could ever move him to go thither
* Livy.
He retires to Cheam, 69
more, until the Earls of Holland^ and Norwich 2
both requefted his affiftance at their expefted deaths.
The Earl of Holland was very penitent for that
he had deferted fo good a mafter in the beginning of
the wars. Norwich was very cheerful in the com-
forts of a good confcience. He would much ad-
mire how God fometimes gives fecret admonition
of things contrary to all human expectations ; for
the Earl of Holland had many meffengers come,
and told him they had votes enough and to fpare
for his life, yet nothing would perfuade him but he
(hould die within a few days, and fo he did. The
Earl of Norwich, that knew of no friends, yet
would not believe but he fhould efcape, and fo
he did.
After this he returned to his rural retirement,^ to
^ Henry Rich, K.6., K.G., Captain of the King*s Guard, and
Ambaflador in the Marriage Treaty of Charks I. ; created Sept. 24,
1624, Earl of Holland ; recommended by Charles I., was chofen
.Chancellor of Cambridge in place of the Duke of Buckingham, i62|-,
(Fuller, 313;) taken prifoner in an attempt to refcue the King at
Kingfton, 1648, and being brought to trial, beheaded in Palace Yard,
March 9, 1649. (Burke, Ext. Peer. 448 ; Howell, iv. 121 8 j Kennet,
111. 191.)
' Sir George Goring, of Hurftpierpoint, created Earl of Norwich,
Nov. 8, 1644, he died 1662. For his trial with the Earl of Holland,
and reprieve, fee Howeirs State Trials, iv. 12 17.
' He was deprived of all his preferments with the exception of
. Cheam. (Godwin, 327; Walker's SufF. p. ii. p. 44.) Several of his»t 1
ff<m<J letters addrefled to Br Dillingham, D.D., Fellow of Emmanuel, fX^fU^ >
Reftor of Woodhill, Beds, (Wats* Bibl. i. 304,) and dated from <^*** ^
Cheam, are in Sloane MS. 17 10, fo. 182. On March 22, 1652, he (*t*-*fA^
fpeaks of himfelf as a **fickly old man ;*' another is dated March 17, futW^^**^*^
1653, a third June 6 ; in a fourth, OGt, 22, he fays, "Rev. Epif- c\4\ijl^'^
copus Exon. Brundenchusiquinto lapide a villa Chemiana. per aliquoti XuJtU^^^
menfes tentorium fixit, qupcum (aepius de rebus optimis cOnfero . . . .^ //xfi*^''^
Etiam in rebus fecundis numero quod infra mancipium noftrum per y U
aliquot menfes moratus oft olim e CoUegio Chrifti apud vos juvenis
fuaviiiimis moribus et fi laetatem fpedlies bene dodhis, nomen eft ei de
prunis, vuigata \t.Qaa haUet Thomas Plume, (his biographer.) Hoc
fruifcor fodo paene quojtidie atque omnigenis confabulationibus nos
dilaffamus." Another letter is dated Jan. 9, 1653, in which he fpeaks
ter»-tt»Wjg->+-^
70 Life of Bijhop Hacket,
end his old age in continual prayer and ftudy, omit-
ting all exercife of body, whereupon he fell into a
freat fit of ficknefs ; and upon his recovery the famous
)r. Harvy^ enjoined him two things, — to renew his
cheerful converfation, and take moderate walks for
exercife, aiTuring him that in his prad^ice of phyfic
fince thefe times, he obferved more people died of
grief of mind than of any other difeafe, and that his
ftudious and fedentary life would contract him fre-
quent ficknefs, unlets he ufed feafonable exercife.
Whereupon afterwards, for his health's fake, he
would every morning before he fettled to his ftudy
take large walks very early to make him expeftorate
phlegm and other cloudy and fuliginous vapours,
whereby he afterwards continued vegete and health-
ful to the lafl.
At this time he did much good in the country by
keeping many gentlemen firm to the proteftant re-
ligion, who were much afTaulted by lurking priefls,
who fought to perfuade them that it was then necef^
of books and authors; April 6, 1654, is the date of another devoted
to the praifes of Edward Lively. The laft bears the date of June 4,
1656, he thus fpeaks in it of Uiher, whofe memory haunted him
night and day, ** Cui per integros dies in agro noftro Surrienfi faepius
aflidebam, dum aniiqui faeculi phrafeologias enodaret, dum eruditionis
abdidflima referaret, dum nodos plane gryphjos explicaret. Omnem
beatifliml fenis Titerariam fupelle^lem Timotheus Tirellus Eques
auratus et gener tanti foceri convafayit. Si quit plurimum dabit biblio-
thecam inftrudiffimam cum inteftinis omnibus, auferet. Tria M.
minanim Anglicanarum quod audio expedbt.** He adds that the
learned Herbert Thorndike has received for publicadon the Arch«
bifhop^s Colle^ons for a Hiftory of the Authors of Britain before the
Norman Invafion, and a Defence of his Chronicle up to the time of
the Judges, and that Dr. Langbaine (Provoft of Queen*8 College, Ox-
ford) had his MS. Collections from the Fathers. (Fo. 195*)
^ Wm. Harvey, D. Med. Oxford, born at Folkflone, 1 578 ; educated
at Canterbury School and Caius College, Cambridge ; Phyfician to S.
Bartholomew's Hofpital, and to James I., and Charles ; Prefident of the
College of Phyficians ; the difcoverer of the circulation of the blood ;
died 1657, and is buried at Hampftead.
f
His hopes of better times, 71
fary to join with the Roman Church, or elfe they
could be of none, for they faw, (as the others faid,)
the Proteftant^ Church was quite deftroyed. But
the good do6lor advifed them better, that the
Church of England was ftill in being, and not
deftroyed, rather refined by her fufFerings. God
then tried us as filver is tried in the hot fire of per-
fecution, which purifies but waftes not. Then
efpecially our Church refembled the Primitive,
which erew up in perfecutions, and as the earth is
faid to be the Lord's in all its fulnefs, (Pf. xxiv. i,)
fo the Church of England was the Lord's in all its
penury and emptinefs.
And in thefe loweft of times he was full of faith
and courage, that himfelf fhould ftill live to fee a bet-
ter world one day, and would greatly blame any of the
King's friends who defpaired of leeing the time of
the reftitution of all things. His opmion was the
youths at Weftminfter fpun a fpider's web that
could not laft long, and therefore was veiy confi-
dent of his Majefty's return, and would inftance in
Jofeph's cafe, who was fometime fold for a flave,
imprifoned as a malefa6lor, yet afterwards advanced
to be governor of the kingdom \ and in David, who
was hunted over all the mountains of Ifrael, yea,
and forced to fly his country too, and yet after
brought to the throne ; and alfo in Caius Marius,
who was forced to hide himfelf in the flags of a
fenny ditch from the purfuers of Sylla, fo tnat the
hiftorian afks, ^^ Quis eum fiiifte Confulem, aut
^ It ii, perhaps, fuperfluout to note that in her fbrmulariet and
Canoni, the Church of England has nowhere ufed this defignation,
which was merely a political term in the firft inftance, and adopted at
a later period by Preibyterian and Nonconformift communities. The
Church of England is a true branch of the Catholic or Univerfal
Church. Mi^cket difowni the title. (Century, p. 947 ; fee Maitland*s
72 Life ofBtJhop HackeU
futurum crederet ?"^ Who would ever have thought
him to have been Conful, or fliould live to be Con-
ful again? And therefore when any one would
fay, There is but little hope, he would anfwer,
'' Turn votorum locus eft, cum nuUus eft fpei."^
They ought to pray the more, and prayer was a
good referve at a laft caft.
Accordingly he would acknowledge that his many
cares for the welfare of the King and Church of
England did often fend him to his prayers, but
gave God thanks that his prayers did always expel
his cares. After a day fpent in prayer, he would
tell an efpecial friend he found in himfelf a marvel*
lous illumination and cheerftilnefs in the evening,
and that as ufually thick clouds in winter caufe dark
weather, till they are diflblved in rain or fnow, but
then the fun would fliow himfelf, and the air grow
pleafant again; fo fbrrows and cares cloud the
mind and foul, till we are able to difTolve them into
devotion and holy prayers, and then^g/? nuhila Phos^
bus ; and profefled nothing more contributed to his
divine joys than his often reading and meditation
upon David's Pfalms, which he conceived they had
done very wifely who fet them in the midft of the
Bible, as the r ourth Commandment for religious
afTemblies was by GoD Himfelf in the midft of the
Decalogue.
[22.] In thofe doleful days that was done in S.
Paul's, London,^ which Selymus* threatened to S.
Peter's at Rome, to ftable his horfes in the church,
and feed them at the high altar ; whereupon our
' Quit crederet jacentem fuper crepidinem Marium aut fuifTe Con*
m aut fiiturum ?** TSenecae Controv. lib. i. c. i. ; Tom. iii. d« 77.)
' ^Ufg^i . ^ guyd fl fW ii Hackeek Century, &c. p. 958. c^XJT
" ^1 riiiniij,i>gj ofiji ^1^
, ., _ Selim I., who died 1519. (Fleu nu xvii. 1. cxxv. § 95,) Ctf*^
lee^QdF^Vhe rottinf of hrnCt^ 8i(ee yearytogetlliijJ^^MH and iN|||h| ^
^ tufMf n^ing? but ob^^^r^^t^C^ii^s nqte,.tlMt^ltjbc;g» upop-il^ ^
jadet Aj^ywreftabled irtrthe^oodly,Ca*thedfal j£arclitf>rS.^ ''^ '**^-
Doftor was verv confident their ruin grew ripe (Vj^,n^.
apace, and not long after happened the death of
Oliver ; of which being fuddenly told, and the man-
ner of it, he only faid, as TuUy of a villain^, " Mor-
tem quam non potuit optare obiit ;" and that we
(hould fee within a little while all the world would
ftink of him, and difdain his arbitrary and bloody
ufurpations. And accordingly in a very fhort time
we faw all things incline to work about the happy
revolution, towards the accomplifhment whereof no
man was more adive in ftirring up the nobility,
gentry, clergy, and people to defire a free Parlia-
ment, and petition General Monk to that purpofe,
whereby he fhould be a Benediftine Monk, or a
bleffing to the nation, and not a Dominican, domi-
nari in exercitu. He preached before the Commif-
fioners at Croydon,^ and firft read the Comnion
Prayer himfelf to them, at that great meeting for
the peace of the country. And afterward when
his Royal Majefty* was reftored, he laid afide his
long antipathy, and came up to London, where
one going to congratulate his coming thither; fo
(he anfwered) he did his own, for he hoped in God
he did not appear as a porpoife only once in twenty
years before a great ftorm, but as an halcyon for a
fign of fair weather ; and when he was reftored to
his ancient parifh and church again, being one
day vifited by many fequeftered and banifhed
friends, returned again with himfelf, whom he
pleafantly called his Charonitae,^ a by-name which
' He preached before the King in 1660, on Adls xv. 39. The ^'^^jyjmp
Sermon was printed by Plume, p. 683. He was Lent Preacher at jULftA^VT
Whitehall, March 2, 166$. (Kenneths Reg. 368.) /^ H
• Or (5rcini, as if Orci liberti, freedmen of the grave. (HofFnaap^ . « *^^
.r'»'t»»"v*'
^^<cMi^u^£)the Romans gave to them who were reftored to
HattU^ t^itM poiTeffions and country after they had been
(il^ff' /'-^^Pfofcribed by Syllaj^as if Charon had wafted
them over the Lake of Death, and brought them
back again; at the fame time he gave to God
great thanks for the opportunity of meeting them
again in that place, and prayed God that they might
all take notice, firft, of the real faults that brought
down the late fad judgments, and be fure to repent
of them ; and then alfo fecondly, take into confider-
ation the fuppofed feults or fcandals that feemed to
do it, and as far as was meet take care likewife to
prevent them for the time to come.
He had been inftalled one of the Refidentiaries of
S. Paul's Church,^ a little before the beginning of
the civil war, to which he was now reftored,
whereby he was frequently called to preach there,
where he could not fpare to tell his countrymen
fometimes of their feults. That however his Ma-
jefty's moft gracious Ad of Oblivion had delivered
them from all human penalties, yet unlefs they ab-
horred thofe fins fo eafily forgiven by the moft
merciful and moft courteous King in the world, yet
. the anger of God would find them out ; and though
his Majefty had obliged the Royal Party to forget
their fufFerings, yet the Prefbyterians were ever
^ He, like the Dean and two other refidentiaries, Dr. Thomaa
Turner, and Dr. Edward Layfield, gave £,Y^ towards the rebuilding
of S. Paurs, Dec. 1662. (Kenneths Regifter, 590, S66.) He wai
inftalled Prebendary of Mora, in S. Paul's, March 2S, 1642, (Ken-
net, 4S2,) and was fucceeded in that ftall in Jan. 166 1, but at S.
Andrew*8 not until Jan. 1662. (Newcourt, 1. i8x, 275; Lanfd.
MS. 982, fo. 94-6.) The King gave him the prebend on the pro-
motion of Winniffe to the fee of Lincoln. Biihop Pritchett of Glou-
cefter fucceeded to his ftall at S. PauPs, March 28, 1661. (Kennet*t
Regifter, iii. 482, 613 ; Ath. Oxon. iv. 682.) In June, 1661, he was
fucceeded in his Prebend of Lincoln and Archdeaconry. (Kennet*t
Reg. 611, 481.)
Appointed Bijhop of Lichfield. 75
bound to remember their doings. But his deferts
were too eminent and well known to be long in any
orb lefs than the higheft in our Church, therefore
my Lord Chancellor fent to offer him the Bifhopric
of Gloucefter,* which he begged his Majefty's and
his Lordfhip's leave to refufe, aniwering, (as Cato,)
He had rather future times fliould aflc why Dr.
Hacket had not a bifliopric, than why he had one.
[23.] Afterwards it pleafed his Majefty to confer
upon him the Bifhopric of Lichfield,^ and recom-
mend that moft ruined cathedral, city, and diocefe
to his prudent circumfpeftion and government.
He firft thought that now in his old age the charge
was too great for him, but becaufe Csefar had com-
manded it, he would refign up himfelf to his Ma-
jefty's commands, and willingly put his neck to the
burden of the Chair, and to his beft abilities not
be wanting in his duty to God and the King.
But he found in himfelf a great reludlancy to leave
his old people in city and country, he had (b
long lived there, that now the place was grown
natural, and ftuck to him like the bark to the tree ;
^ Godfrey Goodman died 1655, and William Nicholfon was con-
iecrated to Gloucefter Jan. 13, 166^. Clarendon was the Lord Chan-
cellor.
3 The Cong^ d*£lire dated Nov. 4, 1661, is in Ayfcough MS.
856, No. 43. He was eledted Dec. 6. (Cal. St. Pap. 171.) The
royai aflent and confirmation to the fee, void by the tranflation of
Biihop Frewen to York is dated Dec. 14, 166 1. (lb. 180.) The
profits of the fee from Lady Day to Feb. 18, x66z, not paid to Bp.
Frewen were given to Hacket. (Calend. of State Papers, Dom. Sen
p. 277.)
*^ Mr. Baxter, the coryphaeus of the Preibyterian party, (it fliould be
Calamy. Sylvefter*s Life of Baxter, 281, 283,) refufing the fee left he
in a high manner fliould difpleafe the brethren, it was offered to Dr.
Richard Bay lie, Prefident of S. John*s College, and Dean of Sarum,
who had been a very great fufferer for the King*s caufe, but he refuting
it becaufe Dr. Frewen had fkimmed it, it was therefore conferred on
Dr. John Hacket.** (A. O. iv. 822 ; Kennet, ill. 272.) Baxter was
offered the fee of Hereford. (Collier, viii. 400.)
. •* Had Baxter accepted the biflioprick of Coventry and
Lichfield, be might as eafily have had ^20,000 to leave to his family
. or expend in pious ufes as Dr. Hacket had that fum to lay out in re*
j pairing or rebuilding his cathedral." (Calamy*s Account, i. 55 ;
V
Lordfliip gave fuch fuitable returns of afFedion and
civility, that many of the moft obftinate oppofers
of Epifcopacy were melted into moderation. There
were very near 500 that received Confirmation
from his Lordfliip in one day.^]
The whole Cler^ upon this firft meeting were
of opinion that his Majefty had ftill the old Apofto-
lical fpirit of difcerning, having fent to them a Pre-
late fo wife and learned, as they could fcarce have
wiflied one altogether fo fit for themfelves, and it is
not to have been doubted, if the fole election had
been in themfelves, but that the diocefe would have
chofen him as unanimoufly as the people of Con-
ftantinople did Neftarius,^ to whom no man dif-
fented, infomuch that fome fay the place wherein
they held the eledion was ever after called Concord
from the univerfal approbation of the fa£t.
It is much to be admired that the people, (who
for the moft part are none of the beft judges,) in thofe
ancient times fliould oftentimes choofe fo luckily,
who yet fometimes chofe men to be Bifliops, as S.
Ambrofe of Milan,^ Synefius, Bifliop of Cyrene,
and Ne£barius, an Archbifliop at Conftantinople,
befides others who had fcarce received any former
orders, and were fome of them not well inftrufted
in all parts of Chriftian religion, nor indeed baptized.
S. Hierom, a learned but fliarp writer, might well
gird at this practice hers catechumenus^ hodie ponti-
' Chronicle, p. 738.
' See Cave*s Life of S. Gregory Nazianzeni Se€t. vi. § iii., he was
a layman. S. Ambrofe was only a catechumen. (lb. i. § iv.) £ufe-
bius of Caefarea, the predecefTor of S. Bafil, is another inftance of a
. fimilar informality. Synefius, the difciple of Hypatia of Alexandria,
, ^'L |ija nd ^ Pk tonift. whilft only a Deacon, was elected Biihop of Ptolemais
WiJjAfi/i^. |m4.io.>f^oreri, viii. 424; Theod. I.^. c. 9 ; Damafc. de Imag. 1.
ji^- » Paulinus in vita Ambr. p.^. • V. Prefat. Dr. Fell, in Vita
> NemefjLiL^.Ojt^ ll/J|.J3.5 (jj^ "^^ivt^i/vJt cf/^M^U no Ifwo
ft*. 4g>cuiU> kji/UAM^ )W^mriui<5 jJVactcLAiuA oi^ynye^'vuiA
-yf^
''-.' ' Lichfield Cathedral. 79
/ex ;'^ but agamft our Bifliop there lay no fuch
exceptions, who would fometimes rejoice, like Gre-
gory Nazianzen, that he had not been made a
Bimop before long labour, and much pains fpent in
preaching and converting others to the Chriftian
hithj and gave God thanks he had run through
all the leflTer offices, had been long Scholar and Fel-
low of a College, then been made Deacon, Prieft,
Chaplain, which was equal to Curate, and fometime
Vicar of a poor place, afterwards Parfon, Dodor,
Prebendary, Archdeacon, and Refidentiary of S.
Paul's, and had difcharged all thefe with great pains
in his own perfon in the heat of the day, both in
time of peace and perfecution, fo that he did not
leap, but by his merits orderly arife to his epifcopal
honour and dignity.
[24.] The City of Lichfield has its name from
the old Saxon Lice^ or Carcafe, becaufe of the great
multitude of Chriftians thereabouts flain in the
Perfecution of Dioclefian, which are in the arms of
the city to this day. Therein before the wars had
been a moft beautifiil and comely Cathedral Church,
which the Bifliop at his firft coming found moft
defolate and ruined almoft to the ground, the roof
of ftone, the timber, lead and iron, glafs, ftalls,
organs, utenfils of rich value, all were embezzled,^
2000 (hot of great ordnance and 1500 grenadoes dif-
charged againft it, which had quite battered down
the fpire and moft of the fabric, fo that the old man
^ £p. ad Ocean. (Ixi. § 9. Ed. Migne, i. 663.)
' The ftalls valued at ^600, the organ at ^C^oo, the exquifite tomb
of Lord Paget, executed in Italy at a coft of jCyoo, all the plate feized
by Colonel Ruffell, many records, the famous Jefus Bell, and the re-
moval of all the lead from the roofs (Harwood*s Liclif. 49) muft be
taken into account. Archbifhop Laud in his diary fays, ** March 2,
1642, S. Cedd*s Day. The Lord Brooke fhot in the left eye, and
killed in the place at Lichfield, going to give the onfet upon the clofe
8o Life of Bijhop Hacket.
took not fo much comfort in his new promotion, as
he found forrow and pity in himfelf to fee his Ca-
thedral Church thus lying in the duft ; fo that the
very next morning after his Lordfliip's arrival, he
fet his own coach-horfes on .work, together with
other teams to carry away the rubbifli ; which
being cleared, he procured artifans of all forts to
begin the new pile, and before his death fet up a
complete Church again, better than ever it was
before : the whole roof from one end to the other,
of a vaft length, all repaired with ftone, all laid with
goodly timber of our Royal Sovereign's gift, all
leaded from one end to the other, to the coft of
above ^^20,000, which yet this zealous and laborious
Bifhop accompliflied a great part out of his own
bounty, with ^1,000 help of the Dean and Chapter,
and the reft procured by him from worthy benefac-
tors, by inceffant importunity, the gentry of Staf-
fordfhire, Derbyfhire, and Vv arwickihire contribut-
ing like gentlemen, whofe names are entered into
the regiftry of the Cathedral;^ unto which work
of the Church, he having ever been fierce againft Biihops and cathe-
drals, his beaver up, and armed to the knees, fo that a muiket at that
diftance could have done him but little harm. Thus was his eye put
out who about two years fince had faid he hoped to live to fee at S.
PauPs not one ftone left upon another/' (iii. 249, 241 ; Kennet,
iii. 120.)
^ Printed in Harwood*s Lichfield, pp. 59—64. The Biihop gave
j^i683. I05. His Letter to the Diocefe and others throughout Eng-
land is in Harwood*s Lichfield, p. 57. His Letter to Sir Henry Puck-
ering, Feb. 3, 1662, occurs in Harl. MS. 7001, fo. 248, and is figned
by W. Paul, Dean, Gabriel Higgins, P. Ck., Richard Harrifon,
Chancellor, and Thomas Browne, Canon Refidentiary, a/king for
his contribution to the works ; the treafurers being Mr. Henry Arch-
bold and Mr. Jeffrey Glafier, of the Clofe of Lichfield. Hacket begs
him to imitate the example of the other gentry, and pay in April or
May, when the charges would be particularly heavy. Over the old
ihills the names of the donors were put up in letters of gold ; that of
Andreas Hacket Armiger F(ieri) F(ecit), is over Bobenhall. (B.
Willis, iii. 375-6.) An idea of the ftate of the Cathedral is fuggefted
The Cathedral Rejiored. 8 1
none were backward but the Pre(byterians, whom
our reverend Bifliop yet treated with more civility
than their croffgrained humours deferved.
This rare building was finiflied in eight years, to
the admiration of all the country, the fame hands
which laid the foundation laying the top-ftone alfo.
All which owes itfelf to his great fidelity, incredible
prudence in contriving, bargaining with workmen,
unfpeakable diligence in foliciting for money, paying
it, and overfeeing all. Nehemiah's eye was ever
upon the building of the Temple, and therefore the
work proceeded with incredible expedition. The
Cathedral being fo well finifhed, upon Chriftmas
Eve, 1669, his Lorddiip dedicated it to Christ's
honour and fervice with all fitting folemnity that he
could pick out of ancient Rituals, in the manner
following.
[25.] His Lordihip being arrayed in his epifcopal
habiliments, and attended upon by feveral prebends
and officers of the Church, and alfo accompanied
with many knights and gentlemen, as likewife with
the Bailiffs and Aldermen of the city of Lichfield,
with a great multitude of other people entered at
by AflunoIe*s Letters among his Colle^ons at Oxford, June 16, x66o.
'' This morning Mr. Rawlins, of Lichfield, told me that the Clerks
Vicars of the Cathedral had entered the Chapterhoule, and there faid
Service, and this with the Veftry were the only places in the church
that had a roof to ihelter them.** The fcene is reproduced in a me-
dallion of inciied marble about three feet in diameter, and in the 4th
lefler medallion of the new pavement, the fubjedt is Bifhop Hacket
re-dedicating the Cathedral, and in the 3rd compartment, Bifliop
Langton, founder of the Lady Chapel. ''July 18, x66o, Mr. Dugdale
moved Dr. Sheldon, Archbifliop of Canterbury, to become an inftru-
ment for the repair, and propofed that the prebendaries, &c., that
were admitted, fliould part with one half of their profits towards the
repair of the fabric, which would be no great burden to them, and by
this example the gentry would be invited to join with them in fome
confiderable contributions.** In thefe Colledlions is a view of the
Cathedral in its difmantled condition.
82 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
the weft door of the Church, Humphrey Perfe-
houfe, Gentleman, his Lordfhip's Apparitor General,
going foremoft, after whom followed the finging
boys and chorifters, and all others belonging to the
Choir of the faid Church, who firft marched up the
fouth aifle on the right hand of the iaid Church,
where my Lord Bifliop with a loud voice repeated
the firft verfe of the 24th Pfalm, and afterwards the
Choir alternately fung the whole Pfalm to the organ.
Then in the fame order they marched to the north
aifle of the faid Church, where the Bifhop in like man-
ner began the firft verfe of the looth Pfalm, which
was afterwards alfo fung out by the company. Then
all marched to the upper part of the body of the
Church, where the Bifhop in like manner began
the 102nd Pfalm, ^hich likewife the Choir finifhed.
Then my Lord Bifhop commanded the doors of
the choir to be opened, and in like manner firft en-
compafTed it upon the fbuth fide, where the Bifhop
alfo firft began to fing the firft verfe of the 122nd
Pfalm, the company nnifhing the reft. And with
the like ceremony paffing to the north fide thereof,
fung the 132nd rfalm in like manner.
This proceffion being ended, the Reverend Bifho[
came to the faldiftory^ in the middle of the choir,
and having firft upon his knees prayed privately to
himfelf, afterwards with a loud voice in the Englifh
tongue called upon the people to kneel down and
pray after him, feying,
Our Father which art, &c.
O Lord God, infinite in power, and incomprehenfible
in all goodnefs and mercy, we befeech Thee to hear our
prayers for Thy gracious affiftance upon the great occi-
^ The IsMTi-MPB^Maf^ Litany defk, fuch as mav be feen in the
f rontifpiece of Bifliop Sparrow** Rationalei^uw^ J3l CnJJUd- ^^
Service of Re-confecration. 83
fion of this day. This facred hou/e dedicated of old time
to Thine honour, hath been greatly polluted by the long
£ege8 and dreadful wars of moil profane and difloyal
rebels; Thine holy temple have they defiled, and made it
an heap of rubbifh and ftones ; yea they did pollute it
with much blood, in all manner of hoflility and cruelty.
We befeech Thee, good Father, upon our devout and
earneft prayers, to reftore it this day to the ufe of Thy
facred worlhip, and make us not obnoxious to the guilt of
their fins, who did fo heinoufly difhqnour this place which
was fet apart for Thy glory. Thou art the God of peace,
of meeknefs and gentlenefs, and wouldefl not let Thy fer-
vant David build a temple to Thee, becaufe his hands were
flained with the blood of war, we befeech Thee that this
Thy fan6luary, having long continued under much pollu-
tion, may be reconciled to Thee, and from henceforth
and for ever be acceptable unto Thee, and that the fpots
of all blood, profanenefs, and facrilege may be wafhed out
by Thy pardon and forgivenefs, and that we, and all Thy
faithful fervants that fhall fucceed us in any religious office
in this place, may be defended for ever from our enemies,
and ferve Thee always with thankful hearts and quiet
minds, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
Almighty Lord, the reflorer and preferver of all that is
called Thine, fince this Cathedral Church is once again
made fit for Thy fervice, and reconciled to Thy worfhip
and honour, preferve it henceforth and for ever, that it
may never, even to the fecond coming of Jesus Christ,
fuj^r the like devaflation again, that befel it by the im-
piety and difloyalty of a long and moft pernicious rebel-
lion. Save it from the power of violent men, that fuch
a$ are enemies to Thy Name, and to the beauty of holi-
iitis may never prevail to defile it, or erafe it. Confound
thofe ungodly ones that fhall fay of it, Down with it even
to the ground. Let the true Proteflant religion be cele-
brated in it as long as the fun and moon endure. And
we implore Thee with confidence of Thy love, and with
all vehemency of zeal, that Thy heavenly Spirit may fill
*lr':i^.ii?'
84 Life of Bijhop Racket.
Thy hallowjed temple with Thy grace and heavenly
benedidtion. Hear the faithful prayers which Thy con-
gregation of faints fhall daily pour out here unto Thee ;
and accept their forrowful contritions in fadings and
humiliations ; and in the days of joyful thankfgtvings, let
their fpiritual and gladfome ofierings aicend up unto Thee
and be noted in Thy book. Receive all thofe into the
congregation of Christ's flock, with the pardon of their
finSy and the efficacy of Thy Spirit, to fupprefs the
dominion of fin' in them that fhall here be prefented to be
baptized. Let the bones of them that have been, or fhall
be interred here refl in peace until a joyful refurred^ion.
Let heavenly goodnefs be on all thofe that fhall here be
wedded in lawful matrimony, remembering it is the myf-
tery of ChrIst and His Church made one with Him. O
let the moil Divine Sacrament of Christ's Body broken,
and His Blood fhed for us, be the favour of life unto all
that receive it. San6lify to holy calling fuch as ihall be
ordained Priefls and Deacons by impofition of hands.
And we heartily pray that Thy Word preached within
thefe walls, may be delivered with that truth, fincerity,
zeal, and efficacy, that it may reclaim the ungodly, confirm
the righteous, and draw many to falvation ; through Jesus
Christ, &c.
BlefTed and immortal Lord, Who flirreft up the hearts
of Thy faithful people to do unto Thee true and laudable
fervice, we magnify Thy grace, and the inward working
of Thy Holy Spirit upon the heart of our gracious
Sovereign Lord King CHARLES, his Highnefs James
Duke of York, and his mofl religious Duchefs, and all
Dukes, DuchefFes, Nobles, and Peers of this realm, with
our mofl gracious Metropolitan, and all Bifhops, and others
of the holy orders of the Clergy, all baronets, knights and
gentry, ladies and devout perfons of that fex, and for all
the gentry and godly commonalty, for all cities, boroughs,
towns, and villages who have bountifully contributed to
re-edify and repair this ancient and beautiful cathedral,
which was almoil demolifhed by fons of Belial. Bat thefe
Service of Re-confecration, 85
Thy large-hearted and bountiful fervants have raifed up
this holy place to its former beauty and comelinefs again.
L0RD9 reconipenfe them all (evenfold into their bofom.
As they have beftowed their temporal things willingly and
largely upon this holy place, io recompenfe them with
eternal things, and with increafe of earthly abundance, as
Thou knoweft to be mod expedient for them. Let the
generation of the faithful be bleiTed, and let their memo-
ries be precious to all pofterity. O Lord, this is Thy
Tabernacle, it is Thy Houfe,^ and not man's, perfe6l it,
we befeech Thee, in that which is wanting to accomplifh
it. And for all thofe Thy choice fervants, whofe chari-
table hands have given . their oblation to raife up again
this facred habitation, which was pulled down by impious
hands, give them all Thine eternal kingdom for their
habitation. Amen.
O Thou Holy One, Who dwelleft in the higheft
Heavens, and lookeil down upon all Thy fervants, and
confiderefl: the condition of all men, now we have begun
to fpeak to our Lord God, who are but dufl and afhes,
permit us to continue our prayers for the foul's health,
and external profperity of all thofe that are concerned in
this place. Be favourable and merciful to the Mofl Re-
verend Father in' God, Gilbert, Lord Archbifhop of Can-
terbury, our mod munificent benefa6lor, under whofe
government we reap much peace, good order, and happi-
nefs. O Lord,, be merciful to me Thy fervant, the mofl
unworthy of them that wear a linen ephod, yet by Thy
^ ** It is a mournful fight, methinks, to me to fee znj place excel
the Church in pre-eminence and magnificence, not as I thought the
Lord did favour us for fair walls and roofs without a fair infide, but
firft it fignifies the almightinefs of God when we honour Him with
the chiefeft and beft of all outward things ; and fecondly, it makes
our zeal (hine before men, that we love our Heavenly Father better
than all the wealth of the earth.** (Century, 5sc., 453.) Churches
and Oratories here below, which are the nether courts of His San^hiary,
fhould never be defaced in this world by any arm of flefli, till the
whole earth fhall pafs awav, and God*s own finger device thofe monu-
ments of glory. (P. 498.3
86 Life of Bijhop Hacket.
providence and his Majefty*s favour, the fiilhop of this
Church, and of the Diocefe to which it belongs. Be a
loving God to the Dean, Archdeacons, Canon Refiden-
tiaries. Prebendaries, Vicars Choral, and to all that be-
long to this ChrifUan foundation. Blefs them that live
and are encompailed in the cloie and ground of this
Cathedral. Pour down the plentiful ihowers of Thy
bounteous goodnefs upon this neighbour city of Lachfiekl^
the Bailifis, Sheriff, Aldermen, all the Magiftrates, and all
the inhabitants thereof. Lord, we extend our petitions
further, that Thou wilt pleafe to blefs all that pertain to
this largp diocefe, for all the Clergy of it, that they may
be godly examples to their flock, that they may attend to
prayer, to preaching, and to adminifler Thy Holy Sacra-
ments, and diligently to do all duties to thofe under their
charge that are in health or ficknefs. O Lord, multiply
Thy bleffings upon all Chriitian people in the feveral
(hires and difbidb belonging to ;^e government of this
bifhopric, and keep us all, O Lord, in faith and obedi-
ence to Thee, in loyalty to our Sovereign, and charity
one toward another, in fubmiffion to the good and orderly
difcipline of the Church. And fave us from herefies,
fchifms, fanatical feparations, and all fcandals againft the
Gofpel. And guide us all to live as becometh us in the
true Communion of Saints. Grant all this, O Lord, for
Jesus Christ His fake ; to Whom with Thee and Thy
Holt Spirit, be afcribed and given, &c.
Prevent us, O Lord, in all our doings, with Thy mofl
gracious favour, and further us with Thy continual help,
that in all our works begun, continued and ended in
Thee, we may glorify Thy holy Name, and finally by
Thy mercy obtain everlafting life, through Jbsits Christ
our Lord. Amen.
Then the Bifhop pronounced a folemn bleffing
upon the whole adminiflration performed, and upon
all that were prefent.
Then followed the Service of Morning Prayer
Fejlivities of the Re-confecration. 87
for that day, two efpecial anthems in extraordinary
being added. Provifion was made inftantly for
alms to the poor.
And in a very ftately gallery which the Bifhop
ereded in the houfe where he lived, his Lordfliip an-
nexed to the precedent folemnity afeaft for three days.
Firft to feaft all that belonged to the choir and
the church, together with the Prodors and other
officers of the Ecclefiaftical Courts.
On a fecond day, to remember God's great good-
nefs in the reftoration and reconciliation of the
Church, he feafted the Bailiffs, Sheriff, and all the
Aldermen of the city of Lichfield.
On a third day, to the fame purpofe, in the fame
place, he feafled all the gentry, male and female, of
the clofe and city.
[26.] He would often afterwards give God
thanks, Who had accepted him as an unworthy
inflrument to build Him an houfe, that what he
could not accomplifh at Holborn in his younger
years, when he was more able to take pains, yet
He had now enabled him to do in his old age, and
far worfe times ; when he found by experience, the
wars had exhaufled not only the wealth but the
piety of the nation, and that it was far eafier under
Charles the Firfl his reign to raife an hundred pounds
to pious ufes than now ten pounds. So fome ob-
ferve that in the Primitive Church charity ebbed
lower and lower till the ftream quite dried up ; the
firft examples thereof were moft bountiful, to pro-
voke the liberality of following ages ; Barnabas gave
all his pofTeffions, and fo did many others ; Ananias
divided half, or thereabouts ; but the next age minced
it to a confiderable legacy, and then it fell to charity
in fmall money, afterwards to good words only, as
S. James &ys, and I pray be comforted \ fed ecquid
88 Life of Bijhop Racket.
tinnit Dolabella F^ feldom one crofs or coin dropped
from them. The like he obferved in our own
Church in the ages paft and prefent j when Chrifti-
anity was firft planted among us, our glorious
founders built Colleges and Cathedral Churches;
the next rank of benefadors endowed fchools and
parifhes ; after ages gave plate to the Communion,
bells to the fteeples, coftly veftures to the Minifter j
now it is come to this pais, fome great man will be
content to fet up a new pew for his own ufe, but
ftick at aU other new building, and fometimes at the
mending and repair of what was built formerly, and
after a while perhaps they will do juft nothing, and
1 <<Si quid Dolabella dnniat.** (Cicero ad Atdc. xi^. 21.)
Bifhop Hacket commenced another work of great importance whilfl
the walls were fifing, — the reftoration of the ancient difcipline by the
ifTue of Statutes. The work he committed to certain Canons beft
fitted for it, direding them diligently to fearch and inquire into the
old Statutes, to remove all thofe portions which were not fuited to the
principles of the Reformed Church, to retain all that was convenient
and appropriate, and make fuch additions as fliould appear defirable to
improve the government and conftitution of the Cathedral. After
fome years the work was entrufted to his Chaplain, Henry Grefwold,
Redor of Solihull, and Praecentor, 1666— 1700, who completed it.
The Biihop at his feptennial vifitation fubmitted tJbe body of Statutes to
the confideration of the Dean and Chapter ; and had received their
acquie(cence in its adoption, which was only deferred by the death of
that '* beats memoris digniffimo praefule,** as his fucceflbr, Bifhop
Lloyd, calls him. They confift of ten chapters, and were confirmed
Feb. 23, 1693. (Appendix to Firft Report of the Cathedral Com-
fu.*^ 'n^ miffioncrs, 1854, pp. 21-42.)
r 1^ A Harwood fays, *' The revenue is now reduced in confequence of the
^ji^^ alienarion of fome of the manors 10^^559. 17s, 3</.*' And in 1534
it was valued at £7 $6.
The fale of the lands, &c, including Coventry Palace, 1647-5O1
produced ,^28462. 15J. 4^. The impropriations were granted away
without any formal or particular fale ; for a lift of thefe manors fee
B. Willis, iii. 381-2. Chefter Place without the bars of the new
Temple, was conveyed by A€t of Parliament 31 Hen. VIII. to Lord
Hertford. Biihop Lloyd firft rendered Eccleihall habitable after the
Reftoration. The prefent palace was built at Lichfield, 1687, by^
Bifhop Wood, (Harwood, 290,) it has feldom been honoured even
with an occafional refidence by the Bifliop.
Wajied condition of the Diocefe. 89
then it is time fure for the Gofpel to feek out better
people who will bring forth more fruit.
[27.] Two things the Bifliop ufed greatly to be-
wail in his Diocefe ; Firft the great loS and fpoil of
the ancient demeans of the Bifhopric, having had
many manors torn from it in the time of Edward VI.,
befiaes an ancient epifcopal houfe in London, to
entertain the Bifhops when they came up to Parlia-
ment, pulled down, with others, bv the Duke of
Somerfet, to make room for the building of his new
houfe in the Strand ; and his Palace at Lichfield,
and Caftle of Ecclefhal likewife were quite demo-
lifhed bv the late wars, fo that the good Bifhop was
fain to lie in a prebendal houfe, upon which he laid
out ;^iooo to make it fitting for his refidence, and
thought to have procured an Ad of Parliament to
have annexed it to the fee for ever ; but till he had
finiihed God's Houfe he lefs regarded his own.
The ancient Bifhops of this fee, and of all others,
were famous for the breeding up many young fcholars
and gentlemen to piety and learning in their own
famihes, as one (that is befl able) tells us, that
Bifhops' families were fchools of gravity and wif-
dom, to breed Divines and gentlemen civilly before
they were transferred to noblemen's and king's
houfes,^ and were as requiflte after fcholars came
from the Univerflties to adapt them to bufmefs
and public charge, as the Univerflties themfelves
were for the ripening of fuch as were raw before.
But our Bifhop would complain, though he had
means enough left for himfelf and other ordinary
ufes, vet the curtailed revenues of his bifhopric,
reliquta Danaum ac immitis Achilli^ were no way
proportionable for this great expenfe.
I Hooker, Eccl. Pol. 1. 5, ( 8i*
* Virg. <<Relliquiu Danaibn atqua immitii Achilli." Mn. i. 30.
90 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
Secondly, far more than this lofs to his own fee
he would bewail the facrilege committed upon very
many poor vicarages under his jurifdiflion in that
diocefe, fome great perfons to whom God had
given many lordfhips, yet would not allow their
poor Vicars a competency of glebe and tithes to
refide upon, and watch over their tenants' fouls in
the country, nor wherewithal to buy books and be-
come learned men, nor indeed tolerable preachers.
Till better provifion was made in this kind, he
never hoped to fee Chriftian religion flourifh in the
remote parts of his diocefe, and therefore earneftly
defired that future Parliaments would take this
greateft grievance into their Chriftian confideration,
and caufe the joyful jubilee to be proclaimed, when
thefe revenues mould return to their right owners,
or at leaft in this flourifhing kingdom, where all
others pofTefs great inheritance, country Divines
alone might not have a fcanty patrimony, and till
that were done, he had juft caufe to fear that
facrilege was the fin of the Reformed Churches,
and as the Papacy was much to blame to endure
no Reformation in the Church becaufe of their
covetoufhefs, fo many Proteftants were more to
blame who reformed, not out of confcience, but
covetoufnefs ; whereby all Church means were of
more uncertain tenure now-a-days than any other
private eftate ; for whereas every mechanic could
leave an inheritance fecure to his own children,
only the public charities bequeathed to pious ufes
were in danger of being taken away.
[28.] His Lordfbip would fometimes pleafandy
compare our times with theirs of the Old Tefta-
ment, when there was laid up in the ark for greater
fecurity, Aaron's rod, the pot of manna, and the
two Tables of the Law \ but we read that all was
Alienation of Church Property. 91
loft but the Tables of the Law, (i Kings viii. 9 ;)
in like manner now fome men fteal away our diici-
pline, Aaron's rod ; others fteal away our golden
pot of manna, the tithe of the Church ; and if they
had loved the Law or Commandments, they had
ftole them away too. Sed tu quod facias hoc mihiy
Pate^ dolet,^ But that this ftiould be done by Pro-
teftants troubled our Bifliop exceedingly, who
would much commend Archbifliop Cranmer for
oppofmg King Henry VIIL his alienation of Abbey
Lands from ufes of piety and charity \^ and Peter
Martyr 3 much more when he left the Monaftery,*
would not carry away the leaft thing from it, but
reftored a ring belonging to the houie (the Seal of
the Abbot), which he was wont to wear formerly j
and wifhed all Proteftant Minifters oftentimes to
preach upon this theme, not out of charity to them-
felves, but the fouls of their hearers ; not fo much
to prevent their own poverty and hard fortune for a
little time, as the others' condemnation and endlefs
forrow for ever.
[29.] No Bifhop ever more defired to have his
Clergy pious and learned,* that they who were fent
to reprove the faults of others might be without
offence themfelves ; but he defpaired of fuch as long
as the vicarages of his diocefe were fo exceeding
low, where wit and poverty often meeting together,
^ Mart << Sed quod tu Nicies, hoc mihi, Paete, dolet." (£pigr. lib.
i. xiv.)
' Melch. Adam in vita. Melchior Adam, of Silefia, wrote Vitae
Theolo^ce, 16 18. (Walchius, ill. 488; Hoffman, iii. p. 115.)
* Peter Martyr, born at Florence 1500, an Auguftinian, became a
Reformer ; ProfeflTor of Divinity at Oxford, 1 540, and Canon of Chrift
Church, 1550; but left England for Zurich, where he died, 1562.
^ Melch. Adam in vita. p. 35.
* Fuller (ays in his Hiftory or Cambridge, << Befides many worthies
ftill alive, John Hacket, D.D., whofe forwardnefs in flirthering thefe
my ftudies, I can only deferve with my prayers.** (P. 238.)
c^Am^M^ nufiiiat.ziy. (W. cioi. c. xfivfj /Ac c#«^-i -f^*^ ««p«^
Kn^juctoMto n did not always make honeft men; yet for his own
(r c/t{|b (ft. ^ part he was very careful in all his Ordinations to
(MaXa* ^^m allow none without fuificient teftimony, and to ex-
lAi^Mi &• amine all himfelf in Latin or in Englifh, as they liked
Crt«^.\C %%\ beft, that he might better know the ftate of his
Su Hwbvw* Clergy, where he would not fpare to reprove what-
dt OtM. «^P^ fbever he found amifs in any fort, their very air and
l.TK'bMS habit itfelf, which he always required to be grave
Q^^jJlhUt^ ^nd modeft, becoming Divines, the Ambafladors of
Q^gj^^MT' Christ, and not like Ruffians and the woers of
'^^\S1 P^'^^^^P^'^ To that purpofe under his Signification
7pP'^' ' Paper for Orders upon the Cathedral door was
Y fometimes alfo written,-^
^* Nemo accedat pedtum facros Ordines cam longa czfarie.**
Whenever he found a learned modeft fcholar pre-
fented to him, he would bid him very welcome 5
yet after long wars, where the Univerfities could
not be attended, and Church means commonly were
feized upon, he would not refiife any tolerable
competency of learning, if he found it accompanied
with difcretion and gravity. Sometimes he would
note how he had heard in our troublefome times, that
the Prefbyterians were fo ftrift in their ufurped or-
dinations and trials of minifters, that he believed in
his confcience, he fhould not have been able to
have pafTed them himfelf, if he had been bound to
appear before them \ but in all his diocefe he found
none greater dunces than fuch as had been of their
ftamp formerly, feveral of whom craved to receive
Orders from him, and though he could not endure
to have the Ark of God drawn by meagre and
feeble cattle, yet in hope of future improvement
and better conformity he did admit them. He never
-^^ cared to have any prefented to him very young, till
^ 1 See Homer*! OdyiTeyy b. zx. and zxi.
His diligence in judicial fun^ions, 93
the heats which boil in the bloods of youth were
well fcutnmed oiF, if not quite boiled away ; affirm-
ing that a fcandalous minifter had connfcated his
own authority of reprehending that in others which
he was guilty of himfelf, and that the do£lrine and
difcipline of our Church could never have been fo
contemptible, but for their fakes, who with their ill
lives and manners made all the threatenings of Holy
Scripture which they preached, and all the cenfures
of the Church which they paffed or denounced,
ridiculous and infignificant ^ vet withal his Lordfhip
ever gave the people warnmg not to defpife the
chaftenine of their Mother, (Prov. i. 8) ; for no man
can lightly efteem the power of the keys upon
earth, and yet be well prepared in heart to receive
the judgment of God in the world to come.
[30.] For better amendment of whatfoever was
amifs, his Lordfhip would, like S. Auftin and other
ancient Bifhops, frequently fit Judge in his Eccle-
fiaftical Courts, and haften the defpatch of all aiFairs,
and efpecially if there were anything that concerned
his Clergy, would always be prefent at the hearing
of thofe caufes, that neither his Clergy nor any by
them might be wronged; when he went not in
perfon to the Court, he gave ready accefs at his
own houfe to all who came to complain, even the
meaneft people, who were grieved with long and
tedious fuits, and after hearing what they could
(ay, would fometimes fend for the Chancellor and
Pro£lors on both fides, and what he could not re<-
drefs at home, he would oftentimes go to Court
and end there, throwing out many caufes that had
been long depending for txWvaX matters, and would
not fufFer any caufes to be entered for defamatory
words or trifles without his own knowledge firfl, to
the end they might be compofed without much
94 Life of Bijhop Racket.
vexation to the parties ; by this means his Lordfhip
created to himfelf much trouble, which he valued
not, for the great good he did by it ; and though
lefs profit came to the officers of the Court, yet
were they alfo contented, believing God would bet-
ter blefs them fot taking only thofe fees which fo
confcientious a Judge was willing to allow.
[31.] After Ordination he feldom difmiffed any
whom he ordained without rare counfel. To re-
member they were ordained to cures^ not to line-
cures^ the cure of fouls, the greateft of all otners,
and wifh them every day to tnink of the invaluable
dignity and ferioufnefs thereof, and therefore in all
their preachings to avoid lightnefs, ^ia nuga in
ore Sacerdotum funt blafphemia;^ as like wife all ridi-
culous geftures, and loud vociferations, empty af-
feftation of words and phrafes without weighty and
ponderous fenfe and fignificancy, accountmg that
elegant words without folid matter were but per-
fumed nonfenfe, and that there was infinite difference
between plainnefs and rudenefs. They had a duty to
difcharge both to the wife and unwife, and therefore
mufl take care that the learned auditor might flill
learn fomewhat, and the unlearned auditor might
underftand not only fome, but all. His charge was,
that in everything we fhould retain this great prin-
ciple, to offer to God the very befl we have ; who-
foever builds God an houfe, let them build it better
than their own, the ornaments thereof fhould be
fairer than our own, our fermons there fuperior to
our ordinary difcourfes or labours in any other kind,
arifing not from extemporary faucinefs, but our
fludied and befl induflry ; and therefore ever warned
them, as S. Paul did Timothy, (i Tim. v. 17,)
* S. Bern. *' Inter faeculares nugae nugae funt, in ore facerdotis
blafphemiae/* (BMH. 1. ii. de Confid. ad Eugen. Pap.)
His deftre for a learned Clergy. 95
though he had the gift of prophefving, ftlU to at*
tend to reading as preaching, ana remember S.
Paul himfelf would not preach without books, and
therefore caufed them to be brought after him in all
his travels, and fonietimes preached the fame thing
the next Sabbath day, and therefore probably kept
notes. He conceived it fmall commendations to
anv to pour out fafter than they took in, and that
indiligent and over-frequent preaching beyond the
preacher's parts, or what the people's needs re-
quired, was no advantage to learning or piety,
efpecially in the obvious way of preaching altogether
by dodlrine, reafon and ufe, which of all expofitors
of Scripture Mufculus firft took up, and was one
great means to lay the pulpit open to the profana-
tions of the late times, fuch preaching being often-
times fo poor and eafy, that every Juftice of the
Peace's clerk thought he could perform as well as
his minifter ; whereas a good preacher had need be
fkilled in the whole encyclopedy of arts and fciences,
logic to divide the Word aright, rhetoric to perfuade,
fchool divinity to convince gainfayers, knowledge of
many tongues to underftand originals and learned
authors ; and above all, he would recommend S.
Hierom's counfel, Difcamus in terris quorum fcientia
nobis perfeverabit in ccelis^^ for otherwife all kind of
learning in a minifter, without good example and
innocency of life, was but a jewel of gold in a
fwine's fnout.
This was his conftant advice to his Clergy at
Ordinations and Vifitations, which he duly held
every third year. Vifitation of Churches he would
maintain was no Jilia nodlisj ftarted up in a night of
darknefs and Popery, but an Apoftolical Inftitution,
1 EpiA. ad PauUm. <' Difcamui in terris quorum fcientia nobis pcr-
feveret in ccelo." (S. Hieron. Paulino, £p. ciii. c. viii.)
96 Life of Bijhop Hacket. , ,
and praftifed afterwards by all the Primitive Fathers^
and Bifhops. Herein his Lordihip would often-
times be the preacher himfelf, fo that in his firft
Vifitation, 1665,2 in his progrefs in Shropfhire, and
at Stafford, from the laft of May to the 15th of
June he preached eight times in the compafs of
thofe few days, at Bridgnorth, Salop, Elfmere, Wem,
Whitchurch, Drayton, Hodnet, and Stafford j and
confirmed above five thoufand perfons, whom he
required not to be tumultuoufly prefented, but with
the pre-examination of their feveral minifters, and
was in all places moft joyfiiUy received.
So that when he put on his epifcoi/al robes, he
put not off his minifterial labours; /no man had
reafon to fay, his Majefty by makii^ him Bifhop
had fpoiled a good preacher, as it was faid of Friar
Giles, that the Pope had marred /painftil Clerk by
making him a powerfiil CardinaV; nor was he like
Julius III., of whom the hiftonan complains, that
he had been formerly 2. diliger^ man, but when he
came to the Popedom, never minded his ftudy,
or the affairs of the Churchf more.^ Our Bifhop
on the other fide, profeflfed he found as many
cares in his Bifhop's ropnet, as he believed Anti-
gonus did in his royal purple ; and if it were not
^ The Primitive Fathers were Clemens Romanus, Bifhop of Rome,
died 100, author of Epiftles to' Corinthians ; Ignatius, Bifhop of Antioch,
martyred at Rome 107, author of Eplftlesj Polycarp, Bifhop of
Smyrna, martyred 167, author of an Epiftie to Philippiansj Juftin
Martyr, author of Apologies; Theophilus, Bifhop of Antioch, c. 169,
author of a work to Autolycus; Ireneus, Bifhop of Lyons, 179, au-
thor of a work againfl herefy ; Clement of Alexandria, died 220 ;
S. Cyprian, Bifhop of Carthage, martyred 258 ; Origen of Alexandria,
died 254; Oregory Thaumaturgus, Bifhop of Neocaefarea, author of a
brief £xpo(»tion of Faith ; Dionyfius, Bifhop of Alexandria, died 265 ;
Tertullian of Carthage. ^
^ See Kennet, iii. 725.
* Onuphrius in vita, p. 415; Panvinius, Epitome Pont. Rom.
Venet. 1557.
His diocefan Preaching, 97
for the glory of God, and the good of His Church,
had rather throw it away than hang it about his
fhoulders.
[32.] S. Paul very well underftood his office
when he called it a good work, f i Tim. iii. I,) not
to be difcharged without painful ftudy, often preach-
ing, daily hearing and determining cafes of con-
fcience, judging in caufes ecclefiaflical, repairing or
building of Churches. Thefe and fo many other
things befide he found to do at home, that all ab-
fence feemed tedious and intolerable to him abroad,
fo that he never flept out of his bifhopric in many
years, nor was willingly abfent from his flock but
upon extraordinary occafions, as in Parliament, &c.,
and then would often requeil my Lord Chamber-
lain^ to beg the King's leave to let him go home
before the end of the Seffion, fometimes in frofly
winter weather, to be like the good paflor among
his fheep, where they might hear his voice at
Chriflmas and the other great Feafts, and accounted
filence a woman's virtue, but not a Bifhop's, who
if ficknefs and great affairs molefled not, was flill
bound to labour in the Word and dodrine, and held
it a miflake to prefer governing before preaching,
whereas it was ever contrary, as appeared by
I Tim. V. 17, "Let the Elders that rule well be
accounted worthy of double honour, efpecially they
who labour in the word and doftrine j" and there-
fore the Bifhop always preached, and the Prefbyter
never before him,^ but when deputed or in his ab-
fence ; fo that when he was fometimes told by his
friends, that he was now miles emeritus^ and might
* Robert Berde, Earl of Lindfey, Lord Great Chamberlain, 1666-
1701.
' Downame, BUhop of Derry, Def. of the Sermon, 1. 3. c. 2, ed. 161 x.
* A Teteran who had ferved his time of military fervice.
H
98 Life ofBiJhop Hacket.
lawfully lay afide his preaching pains in his extreme
old age, he would by no means confent, but ftill lay
by his other ftudies upon Saturday afternoon, and
retire to his preaching meditations, and for the moft
part preached once upon Sunday mornings, both to
profit others, and to warm himfelf. Three Sun-
days at leafl every month he would preach up and
down his Diocefe, and not only in his chief city of
Lichfield, or near to his own cathedral, but like to
a benign fiar would irradiate all places within his
orb. He would often take coach and go more than
feven miles, fometimes nine or ten upon Sunday
morning, and yet be at Church before moft of the
parifh, and go home again to dinner, and yet always
have the full Service of the Church before fermon,
and many times afterwards reftify diforders in
churches, and fometimes differences about feats or
pews. This cuftom he continued till he died, often
mentioning the words of Bifbop Andrews, who
was wont to inftitute all his minifters /» curam meam
et tuam^ and therefore thought he muft no more
hide his talent in a rochet, than they might theirs
under a cafTock.
Thus was his diligence equal to any of the
ancients, and his fuccefs anfwerable, reducing mul-
titudes in all places to piety and conformity with
the Church of England, almoft like another Gre-
gorius Thaumaturgus,^ Bifhop of Neocaefarea, a
great and populous city, who when he came thither
found but feventeen Chriftians, and when he died
gave God thanks he left but feventeen Pagans. ^
This great fuccefs did owe itfelf not only to his
^ Gregory Theodorus, born at Neocseiarea, Biihop of that See ; the
friend of Origen ; died foon after 264.
' Baron. 2. t See Moreri, iv. 2cx>, and Greg. NyfT in vit. Greg.
Thaum. vol. iiil p. 574.
^.yv^M^H'"'^''^
His Ecclejiajiical Learning. 99
frequent preaching^ and diligent ftudy, but to his
eximious piety and perpetual prayer. Formerly he
had taken great pains in the ftudy of antiquity, and
for ecclefiaftical hiftory efpecially he was inferior to
very few ; no man could give a better account of the
travels of the Apoftles after the Day of Pentecoft,
and the converfion of the world by the Primitive
Chriftians ; and for the hiftory of the Reformation
after the fecond Pentecoft, no man I think could
give the like narrative, how miraculoufly in all
places it was effected. In our own Church there
was nothing whereof he was ignorant, all the Coun-
cils and paftages of the Reformation from the
firft beginning or matrix thereof he perfeftly under-
ftood. But of late years he would fay his ftudies
were not to be more wife and learned, but more
holy and good, and therefore laid afide polemical
Divinity wholly, and his principal ftudy were cafes
of conicience. Canon Law, and the Liturgies of
the ancient Church, in which he was very fkilful ;
iret would often complain, he found this laft an un-
earned ftudy, and much againft his own nature,
who was a lover of philology and rationality. But
he much wondered that any learned men could,
contrary to the practice of the whole Church,^ lay
^ Evelyn, Sept. 26, 1658, merely mentions that he heard him
preach at Cheam, (Diary, i. 329,) but Pepyt on Whitfun Day, 1662,
fays he heard^'amoft excellent fermon** by him on thefe words,
*<He that drinketh this water ihall neyer thirft/* (Diary,!. 354.)
In the Century of Sermons there are fifteen on the Incarnation, fix on
the Baptifm, twenty-one on the Temptation, feven on the Transfigur-
ation, five on the Pafiion, nine on the Reflirre^on, five on the
Defcent of the Holy Ghost, others on Eafter Day, the King^s Co-
ronation, a Defence of Church Feftivals, the Gowrie Confpiracy,
&c., they are full of rare quotations, quaint illuftrations, fenle and
learning.
> £p. ad Proteaor. Thwn \ % n a fmh l i M l I lU iJ l L UUUlJLj ; in uin
If h rTjirfffifla. Oct. M. 1548. eJ . Av^rf^.^ttT
i^n fiif h rTjirfflifli*- Oc4-. M. 1548. eJ . An«4|:^.iUT |>.35 <>(c
1 00 Life of Bijhop Racket.
afiae all ufe of Liturgies, even againft the fenfe of
Calvin himfelf, who wifhes there might be in every
Church an uniform Liturgy, (for prefervation of
unity, and prevention of vainglory, and other incon-
veniencies,) from which it would be unlawful for
minifters to depart ; but efpecially in our Church,
where fo many young men are ordained, he won-
dered any wife man would be againft a fet Liturgy,
and refer all the fervice of God to free prayer ; and
would aflert that it was more eafy to mar than to
mend the Book of Common Prayer, and therefore
we ought not to adventure the one for the other ;
but in regard the Minifter of the parifh was per-
mitted to compofe a prayer of his own before his
fermon, he thought no feftary had caufe to complain.
[33.] Bidding of prayer^ before fermon he never
praSifed, and faid no more did Dr. Ravis^ and Dr.
* The Bidding Prayer (from bede, A. S. to pray) was altered to
nearly its prefent form in I547> (Lathbury's Convoc. c. vi. 128.)
«• .A. \ Old forms of it occur in Strype's Ecdef. Mem. i. Coll. no. 37 ; Bur-
AW^WJw»^\ net^ jj^ „o^ g^ iJi, „o. ^9 ; Collier, ii. no. 54.^ The prefent form was
£.V\.b* I drawn in Canon LV. of 1603. Exceptions were taken to the prayer
t^t^.f/t in 1640, but Laud, fearful of experiments, adhered to the exlfting
form, which was founded on the Injunctions of King Edward and
Queen Elizabeth . (Heylin's L aud. 412; Collier, ii. 793.) 14ie plf*
Aijyt fiuill"9r3CrnBro!ei!!3Rliui luiifji bil S. Chryfoftom mentions
the ufe of the formula, fbXoyrirhs 6 6c^s. (Hom. poft red.) The
Apoftolical Conftitutions enjoin the Apoftolical benedidtion. (Lib.
viii. c. V.) Optatus fays. Sermons are commenced ** k nomine Domini et
ejufdem nomine terminantur.** (De Sch. Don. 1. vii. ; Conf. S. Aug.
Hom. xlvi. de Temp.) S. Augufline fays, We pray Ood for ourfelves
(aM/Uuvc 2Qd all His people ftanding with us in the courts of His Houfe, through
Jesus Christ, &c. (Serm. cxn. de Div. ; Conf. di. cxz. de Di^. $ and
Serm. xxx. de Verb. Dom.)
s Thomas Ravis, D.D., born at Maiden, Surrey; educated at Weft-
I minfter ; Student of Chrift Church, 1 575 ; Vicar of Merftham, All
Hallows Barking, 1591 ; Vicar of Iflip, Wittenham, 1508; Bredon,
1605; Canon of Weftm. 1592; Dean of Chrift Church and Vlce-
ChanceUor, 1506; Conf. to Gloncefter, 1604; Tranf. to London,
1607$ died 1TO9, was buried in S. Paul's. (Walcott's Dioc of
London.)
His obfervance of the Hours. loi
Fletcher,^ Archbifliop Whitgift's Chaplains, after-
wards Bifhops, who drew up the 55th Canon,
whom he knew very well, and often heard preach,
and always ufed a form of their own, and no Bifhop's
Articles ever examined or found fault with it, and it
was certainly ufed by S. Ambrofe in antiquity^" and
therefore in the Convocation, 1640, it was carried
for a form.
[34.] And although it was his mind that all
Students were not to be tied up to Canonical hours,^
but fuch only whofe devotion need not be inter-
rupted by neceflary ftudy and employment ; yet he
. would rarely intermit them himfelf, unlefs want of
health, or very extraordinary bufmefs conftrained
him.
In a morning he would rarely permit any to vifit
or difturb him, but held that time was made for
God, rather than for men, as the hiftorian fays of
Charles V., **Mane frequentior cum Deo quam cum
hominibus fermo i"3 therefore the firft thing after his
fleep was his private devotion, with reading of the
Holy Bible, Pfalms, and Chapters, then gende walk-
ing for health, then ftudy, then public prayer, then
private prayers again before dinner ; prefently after
dinner to his private prayers again, and then to his
* Richard Fletcher, born at Cranbrook ; Fellow of Benet College,
Cambridge; Vicar of Stortfotd, 1551; Braddenham, 1575; Rye,
Alderchurch, 1584; Barnack, 1586; Prebendary of S. Paul's, 1572;
Lincoln, 1585; Dean of Peterborough, 1583 ; Chaplain in Ordinary,
Lord Almoner, attended Qiieen Mary of Scots on the fcafFold ; Conf.
Biihop of Briftol, 1589; Tranf. to Worcefter, 1593; to London,
1594; died 1596, and was buried in S. PauPi. (Walcott's Dioc. of
London.)
' The feven hours, Lauds and Madns, Prime, Tierce, Sexts, Nones,
Vefpers, Compline ; Archbifhop Laud, Biihop Andre wes, and Bifliop
Cofins, and others of the period alfo kept the hours, and compiled
devotions for them. ^
• Florin. Raimond, L I. wCftiA,^;^<<v*i k»*c*^ (W^J
102 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
ftudy, unlefs ecclefiaftical affairs or fuitable company
prevented him for an hour or fo \ and of all forts of
prayer, he would efpecially abound in thankfgiving,
ufing S. Paul's words often, '' In every thing give
thanks, for this is the will of God," (i Thef. v. i8,)
and wifh that our Common Prayer had more forms
to that purpofe, and would fometimes wonder, that
when the world had been fo cloyed with religious
orders. Predicants,^ Humiliats,^ Oratorians,^ Men-
dicants,* and many other titles, yet there was never
any called Euchariftici, a congregation appointed to
give God thanks for all the good things wherewith
this world is replenifhed. In the evening of every
day. Recount thy own adions, and the Divine pre-
fervations, was his rule to others, and cuftomary to
himfelf ; and to pray for the pardon of the one, and
praife God for the receipt of the other. And in all
his prayers day and night he was a continual foli-
citor for the peace of the Catholic Church. All
his counfels, like Melanchton's, were ever moderate,
and he often wiflied fuch a form of prayer were
compofed that all Chriftians might join in, being a
great enemy to fharpnefs and violence in the mat-
ters of religion, and would often ufe Erafmus's
words, '' Mihi adeo eft invifa difcordia, ut Veritas
difpliceat feditiofa."
[35.] After his Majefty's return, and reftoration
of the Church of England, he prayed for nothing
^ The Dominicans, or Preaching Frian, founded by S. Dominic of
Calahorra, and confirmed by Honorius III., 12 16. (Hofpinian, vi. 45.^
3 *<The Humbled," founded 1162 by Guido and forne Milanefe
gentlemen, fuppreifed by Pope Pius V. for their crimes, 1570. (£mi-
lianne, 113.)
• Fathers of the Oratory, founded by Philip Ncri of Florence, 1550,
approved by Paul V., 16 13. (lb. 207.)
* Friars Minors, founded by S. Francis of Aififi, 1206. (Hofpin.
▼i. c. yiii.)
The Mahometan Invajions. 103
more in this world than the downfall of Mahomet,
and the refurredlion of the Greek Empire and
Church again, and would fay, he thought in his
complexion and religion both, that he was the
greateft Anti-Ottoman in Europe j he was ex-
tremely afflidled for poor Hungary, the antimurale
or bulwark of Chriftendom in the laft invafion, and
confequently for the horrible divifion of Chriftians
through the jugglings of the Papacy, for which rea-
fon he could not yet forefee which way poffible they
ihould unite under one general, who might be able
to put a hook into the jaws of Mahomet, and re-
pulfe the grand fignior into Arabia again, or to his
Scythian cottages ; and therefore he never hoped for
this happy time till he faw the Papacy fall iirft,
which yet he hoped fhould never be brought to pafs
by thole infidels, though he was very much afFedled
with the words of Mufculus,^ fpoken above a
hundred years ago, — " Ecclefia Sanfti Petri fie
aedificatur Romae, ut ad plenum aedificata fit nun-
auam, citiufque deftruenda fit a Turcis, quam ad
nnem ftrudiurae perducenda a Romanis."^
[36.] He took the Pope to be an ill member of
Chriftendom, yet would have no man defire the
Devil fhould pull him down, viz., the Turk ; or
Goths and Vandals, viz., German Anabaptifts and
Socinians, for fear the change fhould be for the worfe.
The Italians' were a civil people, and lovers of
learning, the Anabaptifts of Germany more ignorant
^ Wolfgang Mufculus, a Proteftant Paftor of Gennany, born at
Dieute, U>rraine, Sept. 8) 1497* He was at firft a Benedi^ine of
Weftric, known ai the " Lutheran Monk,** but left the Monaftery in
1527, and became acquainted with Bucer, and Paflor of Strafburgin
1531 ; he was alfo ProfeiTor of Theology at Bernei and died Auguft
»9> »5^J' (Moreri, vi. 505.)
' Loci Com. de Eccleiui) p. 299.
104 ^i/^ ofBiJhop Racket.
and bloody far than they.^ From this civility of his
own temper he did not much love to fix the title of
Antichrift upon the Papacy, yet believed that our
learned Divines (Mr. Mede and Dr. More efpecially^)
had with that great learning in all kinds fo charged
this crime upon him, that he admired his champions,
who daily fcatter books of all other matters, could
permit their fupreme Pontiff to be fo flandered, (if
it were not true,) and he thought it frivolous for
them to write upon other controverfies before they
were able to clear themfelves before all the world
of this capital one, and which being true, concluded
all other crimes in it.
Though a reconciliation of all Chriflians were
defirable, yet he held it impoffible to be efFedied as
long as the doftrines of their Church's Infellibility
and the Pope's Supremacy were fo obflinately main--
tained. The Pope was now become like a blazing
flar, dreadful to all potentates and rulers ; and there-
fore whereas his two great fnends, Bifhop Ulher
and Mr. Mede, out of Apocalyptical principles,
were of opinion that there would be a general
Apoflacy, and Dagon fet upon his feet again, he
could not believe it. For he never feared Chriftian
1 He in his Sermons repudiates ''RomiHi fuperftidon and Ana-
baptiitical and Prefbyterian anarchy.** (P. 69 J.)
* Syhopfis Prophetica.
Bifhop Newton fays, '' Though James I. had written a treatife to
prove the Pope Antichrift, yet this do^ine was grovdng unfafliionable
during his reign, and more fo in that of his Ton.** (DifTert. xxii.
p. 404.) For Mede*8 opinions, fee his Works, b. iii. p. 623, 693.
Jofeph Mede, B.D., born at Berden, 1586$ Fellow of Chrift Col-
lege, Cambridge; he died there, 1638. His chief work is Clavis
Apocalyptica.
P<^. ^1 Henry More, A.M., F.R.S., born at Grantham, 1614; educated at
>%t^Tvr ^irEton, and Fellow of Chrift College, Cambridge jj^as an eminent
•iXft^ItT Platonift, and wrote the Key to the Revelation ; he^ united the moft
* lingular credulity with reafoning powers of the higheft order; he
died 1687. ^•iu, Jite ^ WO/fi .nfo •
The Papal JJfurpation. 105
Princes would be fo forfaken of their own under-
ftandings, and other counfellors, as to reflgn their
own crowns to adorn a foreign mitre j efpecially
when both Mr. Selden^ and Sir Robert Cotton^ had
told him, they could fliow undoubted teftimonies,
that all the rrinces in Chriftendom envied Henry
VIII.'s 2i&. in this kind, and would gladly have imi-
tated him if they durft. But this he imputed to a
/ttixpo\pu;^/a or want of magnanimity in them who
would not endeavour to recover their own rights,
in calling Councils, prefenting to Churches, and
other flowers of their crowns imjuftly detained from
them by the See of Rome, and therefore ever prayed
the Kings of England might ftill retain their own
juft fiipremacy, without giving up their regalia to
any foreign jurifdiftion.
He thought the increafe of Popery ought to be
ftri<£Uy watched, not only for the pernicioufhefs of
the tenets of their heterodox religion in themfelves,
as being in his opinion idolatrous and favouring of
rebellion, but likewife for the cruelty and faiiguinary
minds of Papifts themfelves, that whereas all rroteft-
ants exprefs a charitable refpedt towards the fouls and
bodies of all Papifts, abhorring all bloody perfecutions
of them \ on the other fide, dejignant nos oculis ad
^ John Selden, born at Salvington, 1584; educated at Chichefter,
Hart Hall, Oxford, and the Inner Temple, 1604; M.P. for Oxford
Univerfi^, 1643 ; Chief Keeper of the Rolls and Records, 1643 ; the
fiiend of Laud, Sir R. Cotton, and Ben Jonfon, who called him
'< Monarch in Letters;** he died 1654, and was buried in the Temple
Church.
* Sir Robert Cotton, Knt, 161 1 ; was elected Fellow of Trinity
College in 1608. (Cole MS. 5846, fo. 432.) Born at Denton, 1570 ;
M.P. 1628 ; the author of many works, but more eminent for his
colle£tion of MSS. purchafed by Parliament in 1706 for >C4>5oo> ^o
which fome of our chief authors have been indebted for materials ;
he died May 16, 163 1, at Weftminfter, and was buried at Con-
nington.
lo6 Life ofBiJhop Hacket.
mortem^ Papifts ever bear bloody minds towards
us, and want nothing but power and opportunity to
make as many bonfires in England as they had done
formerly; and whereas in their excufe, fome fay,
that the many late treafons againft their Princes were
but the private ads of fbme particular Papifls, then
he wondered no Pope fhould ever think fit to fend
out his bull to declare that he abhorred them, or
that none of their learned men fhould print books
licenfed by authority, wherein they were renounced,
which he would have given a great deal of money
to read.
[37.] The Bifhopwas an enemy to all feparadon
from the Church of England, of whatfbever fa£Uon
or fe£l. But their hypocrify he thought fuperladve
that allowed the do£trine, and yet would feparate
for miflike of the difcipline ; thefe men's impudence
outwent all preceding hiftories; and he would
challenge any to fhow him in all antiquity for
1500 years where any Chriftian withdrew from the
Church's Communion, much lefs rofe up againft
lawfiil Governors, for the impofition of indifferent
matters or ceremonies? though in ancient times
they impofed more than we do now. All that were
baptized were prefented in white ^rments,i which
the prieft charged them to keep white and imdefiled
^ S. Ambr. 1. de Initiand. (See Cent. p. 426.) Teit. de Cor. Mil.
(c. iii.) *' Accepifti poft haec veflimenta Candida.** (S. Ambr. de hit
qui init. Myft. c. vii.)
Frequent allufion is made to the white robes which were hud afide
on White Sunday, the o^ve of Eafter. (S. Aug. Serm. ccxxziL ; S.
Jerome, Ep. Ivii., Ixrviii., czzviii. ; Cyril. Catech. Myft. iv. § 8 ; Euieb.
vita Conft. iv. 62 ; Socr. H. £. ▼. 8 ; Sozomen, H. £. idi. 8 ; Greg.
Nasian. Orat. xxxix. ; PalUdius, Vit. Chryf. c. ix. ; S. Ambr. EzpoC
Evang. Luc. c. ▼. \ Op. ii. 1643.)
*' Inde fufcepti la^s et mellis concordiam pneguftarimus.** (Comp.
adv. Marcion. i. c. 14; S. Jerom. con. Lucif. c. iv. ; Comment, in
Efai. Iv. i. ; Qem. Alex. Paedag. 1. i. c. ^.) The allufion of milk
Ceremonies no excufe for Dijfent, 107
to the coming of the Lord ; and they ufed not
only the fign of the crofs,^ but praguftatio mellis et
laSfis^ intimating that they were now brought to the
Land of Canaan flowing with milk and honey.
Standing at prayers^ was required upon all Lord's
Days between Eafter and Whitfuntide, and prayer
with their hands extended, after the fimilitude of a
crofs, fometimes, which muft needs be very tedious \
and fo many other things in S. Auftine's time, that
his complaint is well known, " Tolerabilior erat
Judasorum conditio ;"3 yg^ ^q feparate Churches
were then fet up for thefe things. Truth is, he
thought the permiffion of conventicles did fhow
great irrefolution and unfatisfadtion in the truth,
adminiftered great temptation to fhopkeepers and
fedentary people to be tainted with errors and novel-
ties, of which the Englifh temper is too receptive,
people being generally vain and whimfically fcep-
tical, and never to be fatisfied, like him in the Tal-
mud, that would always be queftioning why the fun
to £zod. ill. 89 17 ; zxziii. 3 ; i S. Pet. ii. z ; and of honey, to Pfalm
six. 10; czix. 103 { Rev. x. 9, xo; honey was forbidden in facrificei
to the Jews.
' The Sign of the Crofi it mentioned in Conft. Apoft. 1. iii. c. 17 ;
S. Chryf. Horn. xUi. in Phil. ; S. Cyprian, £p. 1. al. Iviii. and de Paf-
fione Serm. ; S. Jerome, £p. cxiii., and S. Aug. in Pf. cxli. Serm. de
temp. 10 1 \ and is ordered by the Canon and Rubric of our own
Church. Archbiihop Hutton defended its ufe, (Cardw. Conf. 158,)
and the Divines at Hampton Court, 1603, (Ibid. 198-200,) and the
Biihops in their anfwer, 1661, (Ibid. 350.^
' Standing at Prayer, (S. Mark xi. 25,) at this feafon was ordered
by the Council of Nicsea, a.d. 325, c. xx., and is mentioned by Ter-
tullian de Cor. Mil. c. iii. To prayer with the arms extended, allu-
fion is made by Origen de Drat. c. xx. ; Chryf. in Pf. cxl. ; Eufeb.
Vit. Conft. 1. iv. c. 1 5.
* S. Aug. £p. 1 10, ad Ja. \ *' Ut tolerabilior fit conditio Judaeorum
qui etiamfi tempus hbertatis non agnoverunt legalibus tamen farcinis
non humanls praefumptionibus fubjiciuntur." £p. Iv. § 35, vol. i. p.
913 ; and 86 (al. xxxvi. § 23) ad Caf. Comp. ** the Difcourfe** m
the Weftminfter Conference, 1559. (Cardw. 77.)
1 08 Life of Bijbop Racket.
roie in the eaft and fet in the weft ; to whom it was
anfwered. If it ihould do otherwiie be would ftiU
comphin to know the reafon. But above all he
held we ought to become wife by former experience,
for conventicles in coqx>rations were the feminaries
out of which the warriors againft the King and the
Church came, and therefore would much admire,
that if any man coined faUe money it was counted
treafon ; if any man cheated a pupil or an orphan
he was puniihed, or if he fpread falfe news he was
liable to fuffer for it ; but if any man publifhed fidie
Divinity to the damnation of fouls, or pervertii^
the minds of people from their obedience to their
Governors, there was litde or no regard to it. Be-
fide, he had often heard fix>m credible witnefles, it
was too ufual with the difcontented at their meet-
ings to charge the Church of England with thoie
coniequences which they did terminis terminantiinu
deny, as the making of indifierent ceremonies to be
Sacraments, and in kneeling at Sacrament to wor-
(hip the Bread ; and thereupon be fo furious sigainft
that reverent pofture, as though kneeling were
Popery, and fitting Proteftancy, when the Pope
himfelf ever communicates fitting.^ Thefe things
were only (poken to make our Church odious to
ignorant people, and being permitted, muft needs in
time deftroy our foundations again, and therefore he
wifhed that as of old, all Kin^ and other Chriftians
ftibforibed to .the Conciliaiy Decrees, fo now a law
might pais that all Juftices of Peace ihould do fo in
England, and then they would be more cartfid to
punifli the depravers of Church orders.
[38.] In matter of Do&rine he embraced no
private and fingular opinions, as many great men
delight to do, in vetere vid ruvam femitam qiuerenteSj
' Ctfd. Bona de Rebos linus. p. 440. (1. ii. c ziL Ed. 1672.)
Arminian Controverjies. 109
(ays the Father,^ but was in all points a pcrfeft
Proteftant, according to the Articles of the Church
of England, always accounting it a fpice of pride
and vanity to affedi Angularity in any opinions, or
expofitions of Scriptiu'e without great caufe ; and
withal very dangerous to afFedt precipices (as goats
ufe) when they may walk in plain paths.
In the Quinquarticular Controverfy^ he was ever
very moderate, but being bred under Bifhop Dave-
nant,3 and Dr. Ward,* m Cambridge, was addiAed
to their fentiments. Bifliop Ulher would fay, Dave-
nant underftood thofe Controverfies better than
ever any man did fince S. Auftin; but he ufed
to &y, he was fure he had three excellent men of
his mind in this controverfy.^ i. Padre Paulo,^
whofe Letter is extant to Heinfius, 1604. ^* Tho-
mas Aquinas.7 3. S. Auftin. But befides and
above them all, he believed in his confcience S.
Paul was of the fame mind likewifej yet would
1 S. Hler.
* See Heylin*! Hiftoria Quinquarticularis on the five controTerted
points of AiminianifiD, 4^ Lond. 1660, and Moiheim, ii. 461, Ed.
Maclaine, and Hale*s Golden Remainf, or Brandfi Hiilory of the
Reformation in Holland.
* John Davenant, S.T.P., (Allport*8 Life prefixed to Davenant on
the Coloflians, and Cafian's Lives, ii. p. 1 11,) born in London, 1570 ;
educated at Merchant Taylors* School ; Mafter of Qi]een*s College,
Cambiidge, 1614; Redor of Leyke, Cottenham, 1620; Treafurer of
Salifbury, 1634; fat in the Synod of Dort, 16 18, with Bps. Hall and
Carleton; conf. to Salifbury Not. 18, 1621 ; died April 20, 1 641,
buried at Sali£bury. (Life of Williams, p. 63 ; Kennet Lanf. MS.
985, fo. 22.)
^ See^ . 44.
* Hornb. Sum. Controv.
Paul Sarpi, born 1552 at Venice $ Provincial, 1579, and Procurator
General of the Order of Servites. De Dominb publidied his Hiftory
of the Council of Trent as the work of a true Protefhint ; he died Jan.
14, 1625. (Moreri, vii. 112.)
' Thomas Aquinas, born at Acquino, 1227, a Dominican ; Do^or
of Theology of Paris, 1255; died at Foffi Novi, 1274; canonifed
July 18, 1323. He has been called the Angelic DoAor.
1 1 Life of Bijhop Hacket.
profefs withal, he difliked no Arminian, but fuch a
one as reviled and defamed every one that was not
fo, and would often commend Arminius himfelf for
his excellent wit and parts, but only tax his want of
reading and knowledge in antiquity, and ever held
it was the fooliflieft thing in the world to fay the
Arminians were Papifts, when fo many Dominicans
and Janfenifts were no Arminians 5 and fo again to
fay the Anti-Arminians were Puritans,^ or Prelby-
terians, when Ward, and Davenant, and Prideaux,
and Brownrig were Anti-Arminians, and alfo ftout
champions for Epifcopacy ; and Arminius^ himfelf
was ever a Prefbyterian ; and therefore much com-
mended the moderation of our Church, which made
not any of thefe nice and doubtftil opinions the re-
folved dodlrine of the Church j this he judged was
the great fault of the Tridentine and late Weftmin-
fter Affemblies. But our Church was more in-
genuous, and left thefe dark and curious points to
^ Mafter Butler, of Cambridge, faid a Puritan it a Proteftant frayed
out of his wits. (Cardw. Conf. 184.)
' In 1618 and 1622, the private opinions of Calvin and Beza on
civil government were fummarily renounced at Cambridge by Brown-
rigg in a recantation, (Heywood and Wright, ii. 294,) and the works
of Pareus were publicly burned. (Ibid.) Ward in his Letter to Ufher,
June 14, 1634, (Parr^s Ufher,) complained of ''new heads brought
in " unfavourable to Puritanifm, and '' backed in obnoxious novelries."
Arminius held dodtrines involving Pelagianifm, and his followers de-
generated into mere Arminianifm. (Thorndike, Epilogue, b. ii. Cov.
of Grace, c. xxv. § 18, 19, c. xxvi. § 34; Difc. of Forbearance, c.
xix. ; True Princ. of Compr. f. ii. xi.)
James Arminius, born at Onde Water in Holland, 1560, ihidied
under Beza at Geneva, and at Bafle under Grynxus, and in 1588 be-
came paftor at Amflerdam, where he combated the fupralapfarian
view of Calvin on the fubjedl of Predeftinadon, and maintained that
God had left all men free to apply to themfelves the benefits of His
grace, which are offered to all who try to make themfelves ^t recipi-
ents of it. In 1603 he became Profeflbr at Leyden, but ..^a life was
fhortened by controverfy with the Calvinifts, and he died Od. 19,
1609. (Life by Brandt, 1724; Nichols, 1825-8.)
DIVORCE, The case of, and KE-MARWAaiB
discUBsed, oocaiioned by the late Act for the
Divorce of Lord Roase, 12mo, -
- » • 1 ft 7X
Cafes of Divorce and Re-marriage. ill
the feveral appreheniions of learned men, and ex-
tended equal communion to both.
[39.] There is another controverfy that hath
been much vexed in our times concerning the cafe
of Divorce and Marriage afterwards, in which it is
confefTed our Bifhop did diflike all thofe Churches
or Polities that were facile to allow feparation in
marriage, and much more marriage after ; yet al-
lowed the queflion was intricate, and fuch a one as
the Pharifees fought to entangle our Saviour withal,
and that the Church of England had doArinally de-
termined neither way, but for praftice only judged
it better that neither party fhould marry again after
divorce, while the other lived, and therefore in the
Canons of Queen Elifabeth, 1597,^ and in the
107th Canon of King James, 1604, required cau-
tion by fufHcient fureties to that purpofe. He con-
demned not other Churches that allowed it other-
wife, but preferred our own caution before them,
and for this he wanted not many more reafons than
were wrote in a hafly Letter to a gentlemar/f'his
neighbour, and publifhed (without leave) after his
death, together with his own Anfwer ; but it is no
credit to conquer the dead, fays the old proverb.
While living he would urge for the indifToluble-
nefs of wedlock, the authority of Divine inflitution,
how God was pleafed to make them male and fe-
male, and iirfl one, and then two out of one, and
then again two to become one, by a Divine inflitu- \
tion, faying. Whom God hath once joined, let no |/ji'^^^ic&/
man put afunder. 2. The dignity of marriage, K/j^/jJ^.
which reprefents the myftical union that is betwixt ' '^
Christ and His Church, and His union with our
human nature, both which are indiiToluble and per-
1 Wilkins' Cone. iv. 394, art. de Sententiis divortii non teinere
liTjt^ £iU3W*'C<w«- alii^cc'iii^d uyM/)/C^^
s\ -73-
112 Life of Bijhop Racket.
petual. 3. The excellency of that love that one
ought to bear to the other in marriage. For this
caufe (hall a man leave his father and mother and
cleave to his wife, (Gen. ii. 24) ; therefore it is a
ftronger relation than between fether and fon j but
the fon while the father lives can never ceafe to be
a fon, much more while the wife lives can the hut
band ceafe to be a huiband, 'Trpoa-KoXXtjUia-eTou^ he
(hall cleave to his wife, fignifying a glutinous con-
junftion, that will fooner break anywhere than be
parted there. 4. The manner of the conjunftion,
one flefli, that is according to the Hebrew idiom,
one man, which fuppofes the woman to be the
body, and the man to be the foul ; fo that none
can part thefe, but He alone that can part foul and
body. 5. And therefore though he conceived Eve
did Adam a far greater injury, than when a loathed
ftrumpet does defile the bed of marriage, yet God
nor Adam thought of no rupture in the cafe, but
QoD only pronounced her future forrow in concep-
tion. Indeed Paludanus^ and Navar,^ Roman caf-
uifls, maintain if one party be endangered to be
drawn, into mortal fm by the other, it is fufEcient
occafion to feparate, and therefore probably would
have cited Eve into their Courts, and proceeded
accordingly againfl her ; but from the beginning it
was fo. 6. In the New Teflament he obferved
our Saviour's anfwer feemed flrange to His own
Difciples, infomuch that they replied " If the cafe
^ John van den Broek, Paludanus, ProfefTor of Theology, and Canon
of Louvain ', died Feb. 20, 1630. (Moreri, vii. 30.) Or Peter de la Palu,
Do^or of Theology at Paris ; Vicar General of Dominicans ; Patriarch
of Jerufalem, 1329; Author of a Commentary on the Sentences;
died Jan. 3 1, 1 342, at Paris. (Ibid. 29.)
s Martin Afpilcueta of Navarre, born 1490 ; a Canon Regular, and
Profeflbr of Canon Law at Salamanca 3 died 1586 at Rome. (Moreri,
i. 690.)
The Marriage Bond. 113
were fo, it were better not to marry at all," which
fhows how they underftood Him. 7. To be fure
S. Paul would not allow it in a Bifhop, but ftriftly
required him to be the hufband of one wife, (i Tim.
iii. 2,) thaf is, having repudiated one, to take no
other without exception of any cafe. 8. He was
fure he had in the New Teftament fix places of his
fide to one againfl him, one only carrying an out-
ward fece for It, S. Matt. xix. 9, " Whofoever fhall
put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and
marrieth another committeth adultery." But S.
Matt. V. 32, S. Mark x. 11, S. Luke xvi. 18, all
found another way, " Whofoever putteth away his
wife and marrieth another, committeth adultery."
Rom. vii. 2, **The woman that hath a hufband
is bound as long as her hufband lives." i Cor.
vii. 10, " Let not the wife depart from her hufband,
and if fhe depart let her remain unmarried j" and
again the 27th verfe, " Art thou bound to a wife,
feek not to be loofed." He held it fafer to hold
with fix places than with one. Some only fay S.
Matthew has that which others have not, ana he
mufl expound them ; yea, but one Evangelifl is not
felfe without the fupplement of another, and S.
Mark's Gofpel was in fome places where S. Mat-
thew's was not. 9. This would have given great
fcandal in the heathen world, who a long time ufed
no divorces; the Romans none for 500 years,
Spurius Carbilius Gema^ was the firfl that broke
the hedge ; a great fhame for God's people to be
^ Tert. Apol. c. 6. '* Ubi eft ilia felicitas matrimoniorum de mo-
ribui udque profperata qua per annos ferme dc. A. U. C. nulla repu-
dium domus icripfit ?** Op. I. p. 305. £d. 1844.
GelliuSy 1. 4, c. 3, Nod. Att. *' Spurius Carvilius cui Ruga cogno-
mentum fuit A. U. C. dxxjii.** (P. 266.) Comp. lib. 17, c. 21, where
the date it dxix. ; it fliould be oxxvii. Gronovius fays. (Ed. Amft.
1706.)
I
1 14 Life ofBiJhop Racket,
more fenfual than the heathen, that they fliould ex-
ceed them in chaftity and integrity. lo. We plight
our faith in the face of the Church to hold " till
death us do part," not till adultery or any other
fcandalous caufe, which promife ought to be altered
if we do not think meet to perform it. Upon thefe
and many like confiderations which he would repeat
(but I cannot readily remember), I know he held it
more fafe to bear with a private inconvenience, than
alter the ancient ftriftnefs according to the loofenefs
of our later times, and fince ancient writers tell us
the turtle is pudica and univira, would often wifli
God would pleafe that the voice of the turtle might
be again heard in our land.
Indeed he was a Prelate of venerable ftri£knefs
and purity, who would much bewail the unruly and
horrid licentioufnefs of our times, which he con-
ceived grew gfeat by the leffening of ecclefiaftical
jurifdiftion. The fword of excommunication was
locked up in the fheath, and the Church had not
the key of it ; but men of vicious and lewd lives,
who formerly would have been thruft out for kv^n
years, were admitted without cenfure to the com-
fort of the Sacraments ; and fo inftead of godly for-
row, too many exult in their fins, jeft and droll
upon them in all companies, chant their crimes to
mufic, and fing them fometimes in the high places
of the ftreets.
[40.] Our holy Bifliop had a very chafte ear,
and would never permit the xaTayXcotr/crftaTa, or
tongue-fornications of any, but would prefently re-
prove them wherefoever he was. And he was
once at a public table, where he could not prefently
allay that profene merriment, fo that he put back
his chair, and refblved, like Cato, to be gone, till
His innocent pleafantry, 115
the company became forry, and promifed to pre-
ferve his epifcopal reverence and gravity.
At a table no man was more cheerful and plea*
fant, yet ever wifely and inofFenfively facete, and
woula often call upon the company, as Plato to the
rough Xenocrates, Weiv tolIs x^P'^'j^ ^^ facrifice to
the Graces to obtain hilarity ; but according to his
own motto, Injervi Deo et latare^ Serve God and
be cheerftil. His fait was ever candid and white,
not bitter and biting, without all farcafms or ironies,
faying mirth was too good a creature to be abufed
with any afFrontive jefts, fcurrility or bawdry. He
loved innocuos fine dente fales^ fo as to make every
body fmile, and no body blufh. Impudence and
drolling upon Divine things he would not allow to
be wit, but want of wit ; on the other fide, God Al-
mighty never forbad lawful pleafures, and they are
not more religious and fpiritual who are more auftere
and morofe than others. Christ Jesus refufed not
cheerful meetings, but condemned the fad coun-
tenances and fuUennefs of the Pharifees. And melan-
choly of all humours he held was fit to make a
bath for the Devil.
Cheerfulnefs and innocent pleafure preferve our
mind from ruft, and the body from putrifying with
dulnefs and diftempersj and therefore he would
fometimes cheerfully fay, he did not love to look
upon a four man at dinner, and if his guefls were
pleafed and merry within, would bid them hang out
the white flag in their countenance.
In his entertainments he was ever very hofpitable,
and held where Divines wanted a competency of
means, befides necefTary provifion for a family, to
' Diog. Laer. in vita. (Xenoc. % iii.)
' Mart. '* Innocuoi permitte Tales." (Lib. iii. xcix.)
1 1 6 Life of Bijhop Racket.
be hofpitable to others, it was the fault of the State ;
but where Divines had good livings, and did not
keep hofpitalitjr, the governors of the Church virere
in fault if they did not exafl: it of them. Yet if he
found in his vifitation an evil churchman that fpent
vainly and riotoufly upon himfelf, he would tell him
he was guilty of facrilege, and bound to make refti-
tution to the poor.
But in all his own entertainments his Lordfhip
was as free and communicative of his difcourfe as
of his cheer; the mind had the principal (hare
there, for he gave ever fuch excellent fauce with
his meat, fo many witty apophthegms and other in-
genious fallies of wit, as made everybody eat with a
better appetite. He loved to be a rational feeder,
not as at a manger, but a table, not much caring
what his provender was, for fuch was all kind of
food without talk, prandium bourn et ajinorum. And
his difcourfe was not only cheerful and pleafant,
but mofl learned and profitable, full of recondite
and polite learning, that whoever heard prefently
became all ear, and was not only better the next
day, but for ever. I have heard many affirm that
they never heard more learning from any man than
from him, fbmetimes at the cTofe of a dinner, at a
table, or in his arbour afterwards : and though he
was very fplendid in the entertainment of his friends,
yet very fparing in the entertainment of himfelf ;
for himfelf he chofe rather to have a table replen-
ifhed from an orchard or a dairy than from the
butcher's fhambles. To eat flefh he thought lawful
from the beginning of the world, but never ufed by
Seth's poflerity (the line of the Church) before the
Flood, and flill recommended to all fcholars a plain
diet, to which, as Socrates faid, hunger and thirfl
was the befl fauce j and for his own part, whenever
His humility and urbanity. 117
he dined with any other Haugouft,^ he loft the
afternoon, and therefore drank to little wine, as to
be almoft abftemious, and always of a very fmall
fort, and diluted with water for rear of ftimes, that
hindered his ftudies and prayers, laying withal that
whoever eats and drinks temperately, facrifices to
his own bodily health, and good temper of mind ;
but whoever eats and drinks otherwife, muft needs
have a grofs body and a foggy brain.
[41.] After he was made Bifhop, it inade no
change in his former fweetnefs and afiability, ftill
he knew us, and we knew him, like a ftar in the
firmament, quo altior to minor ^ he rather feemed lefs
to himfelf for being raifed higher. Who ever once
diicovered infolency in him, or that he bore himfelf
with a big carriage to any man \ Humility with
honour, and urbanity with high dignity were never
more really conjoined, he would ftill inftantly con-
defcend to fpeak with any (cholar, though never io
poor or young. Once when he lay in Channel
Row,^ during his attendance upon Parliament, he
rofe at midnight and baptized a dying child at a
neighbour's houfe, when the Curate of the parifh Ccjf^^- T
could not be found ; and ever deemed humili^ was TSloA^.^^jJ
the infallible cognizance or mark to diftinguifh ^
Apoftolical Bifliops from others, according to the
old ftory of Auftin the Monk,^ who came into
England in the time of King Ethelred, fix hundred
years after Christ, and prefTed the Weft Britons
of this Ifland to receive him as their mafter and
governor, becaufe he was fent by the Biftiop of
Rome. A learned Abbot of Bangor having no
fancy to his meflage^ confulted with a Hermit
1 Hautgottt .
* Now called Canon Row. See my Memorials of Weftminfter. t^.yt
• Bede, Hift. Ecd. Ub. ii. cap. ii. I '
1 1 8 Life of Bijhop Racket.
what they fhould think of this man, and his meflage
from Rome ; Hearken, (fays the Hermit,) the next
time you and your brethren meet to attend this
Auftin in Synoa, obferve if he fhow any reverence
or carry himfelf humbly when he comes before
you ; but if he falute not, and bear himfelf difdain-
fully, receive him not, for he is no Apoftle of
Christ. At the next Synod the jolly Prelate
entered among the Monks, with a braving courage,
never ftooped or vailed his head, but ufurped the
higheft place in the congregation, as the Roman
Legate. At this the Britons difliked his arrogancy,
and would not receive his meflage.
Yet our good Bifhop's humility appeared not-
only in his outward demeanour, and verbal faluta-
tion, which he knew were often forced, and more
than was required, and that rivers were not deepefl:
where they overflow, but in their own channiels ;
but in paying all due refpedi: to the deferts of others
without reflefting upon his own perfedions ; there-
fore it was not his fefhion to undervalue other men's
learning, or magnify his own. Upon frequent oc-
caflons he would confefs his want of Eaftern lan-
guages, but in fuch ftudies wherein he was conver-
sant, would by private letters give great help to
many writers of books, who have confeflTed in their
returns to him that the books were not theirs but
his, and thereupon would have had him to have
owned them, or at leaft to have fuffered an honour-
able mention of himfelf in thofe bpoks, which he
would in no fort permit, that as Camerarius^ faid of
^ He (ayi, '< Quemadmodum quidam fcripfit/*
Joachim Camerarius, born at Bamberg, 1500; ftudied at Leipfic
and Wittenberg ; the friend of Melanchthon, and Re^or of Leip-
fic Univerfity, 1544; he died there, April 17, 1574. (Moreri, ii.
56.)
His natural irritability. 119
Melanchton,^ he was like a nightingale, that with his
finging fweetly afFeded all others, but would not
endure to hear of it himfelf.*
[42.] Notwithftanding this great civility and
fweetnefs of temper towards all people generally,
we muft acknowledge a vanity and defed in all
human accomplifhments and perfe6lions ; it being
not poffible that almoft eighty years fhould be fpent
in this age of human infirmity, and that any man's
a6lions mould be all fine flour, without mixture of
coarfer meal and bran ; to fay fo were not to com-
mend, but to flatter, not truly to reprefent, but to
daub; our Bifhop would often feverely cenfure
himfelf (and faid he befl knew his own heart) to be
of finners the chief, moil unthankful to God for
many Divine talents conferred upon him, and moil
wanting efpecially in many grains of meeknefs and
forbearance to his neighbours. Indeed he was by
nature 0^^0X0^, (as moil great wits are,) irritable
and fubje<^ to great eruptions of anger oftentimes,
efpecially if he had met with bold and arrogant, but
flow parts. S. Hierom^ acknowledges the like
harih difpofition in himfelf, and compares himfelf to
an angry horned beail, and fays that all the ilri6l
difcipline of Bethlehem and watchings of Arabia
could not mortify this indecent paffion in him.
God Almighty permitting thefe moil holy and
learned men iometimes to betray themfelves into
fuch palpable weakneiles, does fufficiently con-
vince us, that human infirmity cleaves to human
^ Philip Melanchthon, or Schwarzerdt, born at Bretten j Profeflbr
of Greek at Wittenberg, 1518 ; he died there, 1560. He was of a
gentle and winning difpofition, and next to Luther, the moft diitin-
guiflied of the Reformers.
3 Hift. yitae, p. 80. Ed. HagaeComitis, 1555.
' Apol. I. adv. Ruff. «Monebo cornutam beftiam petit.** (Adv.
Ruffin. lib. I. c. vii.)
120 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
nature, and abfolute perfedion belongs only to the
Divine.^
Yet I will add, that as he was very irritable and
apt to be offended, fb he was exceeding placable
and ready to be appeafed ; too generous he was to
be vindictive, and therefore though he would chide
earneftly, yet he ever cenfured mildly; like the
Apoftles who had fiery tongues, but gentle hands ;
befides it was his judgment, that if any man afked
unreaibnable things, it was* much better to chide
him away from his houfe for his fault, than give
him good words, and afterwards not do it ; minus
negatur qui negatur celeriter^ and would always ad-
vife other people, if any thing troubled them to
fpeak it out, and never to retain a dry difcontent,
and for the mofl part made his paffion fubfervient
to virtuous ends ; by his great natural inclination to
anger, becoming idx more adive and zealous in the
carrying on his great proje6lments for piety and
charity.
[Pepys fpeaks 31 Jan. 166^, ''of the prefent
quarrel between die Bifhop and Dean (Thomas
Wood) of Lichfield and Coventry, the former of
whom did excommunicate the latter, and caufed his
excommunication to be read in the church while he
was there, and after it was read the Dean made the
fervice be gone through with, though himfelf as
excommunicate was prefent, which is contrary to
the Canon, and faid he would juilify the choir
therein againfl the Bifhop, and fo they are at law in
the Arches, about which is a very pretty flory."^
On another occafion he received a vifit fi-om Chrif^
topher Comyns, Redlor of Morbury, noted for a
profane expreffion which he frequently ufed before
^ Dall. de ufu paCr. b. ii. ch. i. p. 8. £d. Load. 1675.
« Diary, iv. 339.
His endeavours with Nonconformijis. 12X
the Reftoration, that " hell was paved with bifhops'
fkuUs," when the Bifhop thus good-humouredly
addrefled him, " I hear you have often faid that
hell is paved with biihops' fkuUs, I defire you to
tread lightly on mine when you come there. "^ He
manuel, Bifhop Racket " fent for, as he did for feveral
other worthy, but diflatisfied minifters in his dio-
cefe, hoping to gain upon them, but his deflgn
feiled."2 So with Dr. Bryan and O. Grew, of
Coventry ,3 and John Billingfley, of Chefterfield,
** ufing both flatteries and threats."*]
For any other cenfures of being illiberal and
covetous, which are fo frequently and unduly caft
upon Divines, examine his life, and few men will
appear more incontaminate and free. In bad times
when he had loft his beft incomes, and like the
widow of Sarepta, had but a handful of meal and a
crufe of oil left for himfelf and family, yet he then
thought Elias was worthy of one cake out of it, and
accordingly has given a diftrefTed friend twenty
pounds at a time, and would always argue, that
times of perfecution were the moft proper feafons
of charity, and that charity was oftentimes the
happy means to preferve us from fufFering; for
tyrants more commonly opprefs the rich than their
inopious enemies ; as the hiftorian obferved in the
days of Nero, " Alium thermae, alium horti truci-
1 Britton*8 Lichfield, p. 60. ' Kennet, 816. ' Ibid. 917.
^ Kennet, 918. "He was urgent with feveral other worthy but
dilTatisfied minifters in his diocefe, hoping to gain upon them, but hit
defign failed, and yet he gave encomiums to feveral of them.**
(Calamy*8 Account, ii. 740, 850, 170, fee alfo 163, 751. Com-
municated by the Rev. J. £. B. Mayor, M.A., S. John*s College,
Librarian of the Univerfity.)
^
122 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
darunt," many men might have fared better, but for
delicious gardens and fweet baths ; no man was fafe
that had a fumptuous building, or an envied pofleP-
fion ; and therefore he believed it a prudent as well
as a religious aft in the Primitive Church at Jerusa-
lem, to furrender their eftates to the holy Apoftles
for pious ufes, rather than to leave them to a violent
extenfion of profane perfons in a ihort time after-
wards.
[Lird Lyttleton thus defcribes Hacket : " In the
firft plake he refides conftantly in his diocefe, and
has don^fo for many years, he afks nothing of the
Court foX himfelf and family, he hoards up no
wealth for\is relations, but lays out the revenues of
his fee in aVecent hofpitality, and a charity void of
oilentation. \ At his firfl entrance into the world he
diflinguifhed mmfelf by a zeal for the liberty of his
country, and hl^ a confiderable fhare in bringing on
the revolution \hat preferved it. His principles
were never alteled by his preferment, he never
proilituted his pqi nor debafed his charafter by
party difputes or bmid compliance. Though he is
warmly ferious in the belief of his religion, he is
moderate to all who UifFer from him ; he knows no
diflinftion of party, bVt lends his good offices alike
to Whig and Tory, A friend to virtue under any
denomination, an enenw to vice under any colour.
His health and old ag^are the effefts of a tem-
perate life, a quiet conference ; though he is now
fome years above four fc(»e nobody ever thought
he lived too Ion?, unlefs it\{vas out of impatience
to fucceed him."^]
[43.] When he was made a Bifhop no man was
lefs lucripetous, he defired to hold nothing in comnun-
dam^ he renewed all his leafes for years, and not for
His donations to Colleges. 123
lives, and upon very moderate fines, and fpent a
very conflderable fhare thereof upon his cathedral,
often applying to the Church what the orator faid
of the Common Wealth, " Non minori mihi eft
curas qualis futura fit Refpublica quam qualis eft
hodie."^ While he lived, befides his conftant
charity to the poor of Lichfield city, he inquired
out diftrefTed cavaliers in his diocefe, and lent them
^50 or ^100 for a year or two upon their own bill
or bond, and afterwards frequently gave it to them.
And thus he did fometimes to peifons of a differing
religion, with whom he held no Chriftian commu-
nion but in this one thing of giving, and never
looking to receive again. He reckoned that chari-
table expenfes left to the power and management
of executors were more theirs than the founders',
and therefore was refolved to difpenfe his own in
his lifetime, and not be like the whale, that affords
no oil till fhe die and muft difgorge it.
To feveral colleges in Cambridge he gave liberal
fums of money, — to Clare Hall ^50, to S. John's
^50, to Trinity College he added a peculiar build-
ing called Bifhop's Hoftel, which cofl him^iioo,^
and appointed that with the yearly rents of thofe
chambers books fhould be bought into the College
Library i and to the Univerfity Library he be-
** Mihi autem non minori cune eft, qualis refpublica
poft mortem meam futura fit, quam qualis hodie fit.** (Laelius, c.
^\ 430
' He bequeathed jCioo to Trinity College Library, and £20 to the
Senior Bur^ or Steward, as he writes, <' to be beftowed two months
after my deceafe in ' exceedings,' as they are called, at a dinner in the
public hall of the College, that I may give a kind farewell to that
Society whofe profperity I wiih above all places in the earth.** The
jf 1200 he gave to re-build Garrett*s Hoftel, which was to be re-named
Biihop*8 Hoftel. He gave 872 volumes to the Univerfity Library of
Cambridge; the duplicates were fold, and 220 additional volumes
purchafed. (Catal. Acad. MS. O. o. 52, fb. 68.)
1 24 Life of Bijbop Hacket.
queathed hy will all his own books, which coft him
about ^^1500.
[** Right Reverend and moft worthy Governors of that
Society which is more precious to me next to the
Church of Jesus Christ than any place upon earth.
"I was once an unworthy member of your body, and
will be ever a moft afiedtionate devotee unto it. Bat a
little that is real is better than long proteftation of words.
And it is but little that my meannefs is able to afibrd, to
ezprefs my thankful retribution to my deareft nurie.
Your two me£engers, excellent perfons, Mr. PuUin and
Mr. Gale, are as welcome to me as any perfons that
ever came to my Palace, fit to be employed upon a greater
errand. I have delivered unto them fix hundred pounds,
and will fend fix hundred more, if God affift, before
Candlemais next, or fooner as I can procure the fum,
when I am at London to attend the Parliament. My
propofition to you, and my defire is, that the whole fum
together may be expended to re-build the Hoftle, formerly
called Garret's Hoftle, and utterly ruined, as I hear, as
your own judgments with fkilful furveyors fhall think fit,
no way prefcribing the mode of the ftru6iure, but leaving
it abfolutely to your unqueftioned difcretions. Neither
will I pre/bribe any conditions to be di£Uted by my
authority, but move it with all fubmiffion that from
henceforth the new raifed ftructure may be called Bifhop's
Hoftle, without any more addition of my remembrance.
And I wifti heartily that the title may -be aufpicious to
the learned and pious that fhall ftudy in it. Alfo 1
propound that the rents of the refpeflive chambers in the
faid Hoftle may be expended yearly upon the College
Library, either for books, or deiks, or for the fabric and
fbiidture of the faid labrary. Which rents under the
manage and conclufion of your better judgments, I fup-
pofe may be moft providently fet and appointed by the
Reverend Mafter, and Vice-Mafler, the Senior Dean, and
the Senior Burfar, and the third or Junior Burfar, or any
Bijhofs Hojiel^ Cambridge. 125
three of thcfc, and be received by them or by fuch as they
fhall appoint at fuch times as in their prudence for the
payment they (hall like beft ; and every year, within fix
weeks after Michnelmafs, they be plea/ed to audit the
faid receipts of rents, and to expend them as they (hall
think fit, either in books, defks, or the neceiTary works
belonging to the fabric of the faid Library. Whatfo-
ever queftion may or fhall arife upon that which I have
not clearly expreiled, I leave it abfolutely to the determi-
nation of the Mafter and Seniors. So God profper it,
as well as I intend it. And when the work is finifhed
or in fome forwardncfs, I will with great complacency
accept of your kind invitation to be your gueft, who
humbly crave your prayers, and God knows how often
you are remembered in the prayers of
" Your humble Servant,
" And the great lover of you and your Society,
**JoH. LiCH. & Coven.
*^ Lichfield^ Aug. 11, 1669.
" Direftcd :— For the Very Reverend and R'. Worfh*.
Dr. John Pcarfon, M'. of Trinity College in Cam-
bridge, and to the Rev. and R*. Worfh^ the Senior
Fellows of the fame Society."^]
' Communicated by the Rev. W. J. Beamont, M.A., Fellow of
;Tclnity College, Cambridge.
In Duport's Mufs Subfecivae, p. 361, is a fonnet on the reftora-
tion of Gerard*8 Hoftel.
<' Non tulit Hacketus, cafum miferatus iniquum, *
Parte fui Triados nempe carere Domum,
Cujus et ipfe ingens olim decus, erigit ergo
Munifica lapfam reftituitque manu.
Hofpidum Regis nobis fiiit ante vetufhim,
Prae/ulis Hofpitium nunc erit ecce novum.*'
(Communicated by Rev. J. £. B. Mayor, M.A.)
Bidiop Haclcet ''gave if 1200 for the purpofe of re- building Ger-
ard's Hoftel, with a provifion that the rents of the chambers fliould be
for ever appropriated to the improvement of the Library. Not long
afterwards the new Library was eredied at a coft of about jf 18000,
but when it was finifhed, confiderable Turns being flill requifite for the
bookcafes and internal fitting up of the magnificent room, it was re-
iJAM^ iVcA JOAh '5(5 ^ uJUfUcH sa<i'4>l/Um U^ft^ 4auM^
f J^ f^ At was his juagment that a Bilhop was bound b)r
^'l^T*^ ancient canons to difpend his epifcopal revenues in
pt^^^ ads of charity, and therefore no year paiTed without
XuyOi^uJ^ui^oTiiQ eminent adions of that kind, which were
iiUu(AjuS never written in any book upon earth, the more
•t^Attf'^certain that they are in Heaven. To the feveral
^-^f^^-tl^ Prifons in London he fent oftentimes good relief by
^^** r^^ a friend, whom he ever ftraitly chai^d to conceal
^^/* ' from whence it came. When the Plague was in
^J^y^JLi^^^^^^j J^^ coUeded from his poor diocefe^35i
u^i^^!^!j^Y November, 1665, for the city in that woeful
iU!uL^^^mQy befides what he fent particularly and bounti-
f'w^«**'^rKilly to his old parifh of Holborn from himfelf.^
y^A^dAH^M^ foWed that the charge ihould be repaid to the College ftock by the
'j/j(/(iJlUf^ rents of the BUhop*s Hoftel, amountiDg to about ^f 50 a year.** Dr.
Ujt,i{jffuu€/' Bentley however recovered the entire fum, aboat ^^300, and expcndpi ^
ICUu UM^ *' *** purchafe of books. (Monk's Life of Bentley, i. 1%7-i.)^^
^tijt'Ci^**^ On Sept 28, 1670, Bifhop Hacket mentions in a letter to Arch-
*ujJu^'^ biihop Sheldon that he had given £17.00 lo Trinity College ; a receipt
vM^tfw' ^^ jf6oo was given on Aug. 10, and for the refidue. Not., 1669.
(Pane MS. fo. 165 b.)
Aug. 5, 1669. That Mr. Pulleyn and Mr. Gale attend on the
Biihop of Lichfield with a letter of thanks. (Mem. Book, fo. 70.)
Singularly enough he paid the firft ^C^oo before bequeathing ^1200
in a codicil figned Aug. 31, 1669, and in confequence fome corref-
pondence of an amicable nature between the College and Sir Andrew
Hacket was the refolL Of courfe the College, through Dr. Pearfon,
then Mafter, gave a releafe for the whole fom, on Dec 19, 1670.
1 The following eztra^ from the Biihop*8 correfpondence vn^
Arch biihop Sheldon will illuftrate the energy and g^x>dne(s of his
charader. Thofe portions are omitted which relate to the trouble
which was caufed by the unworthy Dean, who would neither contri-
bute to the reftoration fond, nor attend chapters, but was a foTourer
of Konconformifts, and abfented himfelf from refidence. Biihop
Hacket in the end was compelled to pronounce fentence of excom-
munication upon him.
He offered, Sept. 21, 1655, the chaplaincy in Lord Elgin's &mily
to Sancroft, then B.D., in lieu of Frampton, afterwards Biihop of
Gloucefter, who was going to Aleppo, but adds '* the employment,
confidering your great gif^ is too mean a gieat deal, but in thefe un-
cooth timet perhaps, it would fit you as well as another.** (Tanner,
lii. S3.)
*:x ^ r The biihopric was valued by Accepted Frewen, (who greatly re-
Correfpondence with Abp, Sheldon. 127
And all this he did without beine burthenfome to
his Clergy, ever giving them quick defpatch when
they rep aired to him for inftitution, and gave in
lue,) communibui annli at j^ 1200. (Tanner MS. 13X9
I letter to Archbifliop Sheldon, Jan. 6, 1665, Blfliop
" My young married couple have caufed me to keep a
Iriftmai Winter journevs are very unhealthful to
have laid out In thla laft year for leading and the fpire
)i and in the whole year received from feveral benefa^ori
yet I purpofe, with Ood*i afliftance, to adventure in
rent to glase it, which ii not yet defpatched, to wafli with
D pave all the church, to fet up a new organ, and fifty-
new ftalli, to pave the Quire with black and white mar-
n all will coft jC^yoo. But I muft lay about me not only
f^^^ to raife for monlei." (Tanner, 131, fo. xx^ ^
fSs 665* ''The work of the cathedral for the iplre and lead- ^
^ cnt fafter on, and never -did monies come flower in. But
rry on Hii own work." (MS. xliv. fo. X7.)
X665. ''Lichfield hath been free from the peftilence
rs* fince. The gentry begin already to fly our poor city,
ore difcouragement than I can fee caufe for. I refolve to
and not to ftir. The whole body of the chapel, chancel,
aide, and body of the church ii leaded from one end to the
^he fide aiflei^ by Ood*8 blefling, fiiall be covered alfo by
. The great ipire ii of fine work, and four oarts of feven
I Dabit Deui huic quoque finem. Yet of £17000 which
V this work, I have not yet received j^Soo." (Fo. 16.)
IV A. ^ 1665. ''I began my journey on the laft of May, and re-'
^ A ny home on the x6th or this June. God gave me ftrength
^ V r to pieach in Brldgenorth, Salop, Elfmer, Wem, Whit-
jl rayton, Hodnet, and StaflTord, in the compaia of thofe few
diyiy 1 wai meritorioufly reported to every where, and in thefe ieveral
places I confirmed 5384. I was told openly at Wem, that by my fer-
mon preached there, there were a hundred Prefl)yterian8 left than
before. Yet the fequefiered minifters, Steel, Gilbert, Parfont, and
others, keep diverge from loyalty and conformity who otherwife would
be reduced. At Wem two letters of confirmation of the thrice re-
nowned naval vi£lory, and the fafety of our deaieft joy the Duke of
York, which is more to me than the victory, were ihown to me
as I was bufy in the chancel in Confirmation. I rofe up, and defired
all the congregation to join with me in prayer, and I ventured upon
an extemporal praver of thankfgiving at the Communion-table, which
was anfwered with an Amen like a clap of thunder." (Tanner MS.
«lv. fo. X3.^
xo6x.
4
it! '(
July
Bifliop Htcket propofed that "every Prcbendaty
towira. the repeln of the ruinated uthedral fliould give the fourth
128 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
charge to difmifs them with very fmall fees. When-
ever he gave any of them preferment he Tvas as
clear from fimony as from witchcraft, which he de-
part of all (uch fines as any of them then had or hereafter fhould re-
I ceive upon the firft leafing and renewing any leafe of his refpe^ve
Xly. prebend/* Many complied. (Ib..fb. 82.)
July II, 1666. ''I received ^lod delivered to my fon from H. H.
the Duchefs of York, for our,pious work, which is the juft fum to
finiih the imagery glafs of the weft window.** (Fo. 84.)
Sept. 22, 1 666. He fpeaks of the calamity which has befiJlen
three of his children by the great fire of London, and (ays, *< I had
laid in provifion of beer and firing at my wonted lodging, but beg to
be excufed attendance at Parliament, being for twelve years always not
only ill, but iick in autumn, my msdady being a great languor in my
legs, but efpecially in my ftomach, which will keep nothing that I
eac, which caufeth me to fall into a courfe of phyfic, and keeps me
Y^ • oecefTarily to my home, and to have my attendant about me.'*
(Fo. io8.)
^' *' April 14, 1666. "Within the walls nothing is more pleafing to
God and man than the finging of a common pfalm after fermons which
hath charmed the whole auditory, to take all prayers and the blefiings
with them. A reformation that my heart rejoiceth in. This is no
innovation, it was in this church ab andquo, and but of late omitted.
It is fo in S. Paul's, London, to this hour, it was fo in Wefhninfter
Abbey from Bp. Andrewes* to Bp. Williams* time. . • . No anthem
was fet till 10 of (^Eliz. by Dr. Tye, and then by Tallis. Cufh>m
took them up, but no anthem was fpoken of in Common Prayer
Book or Canon till within thefe three years. And now it gives no
command, but permifiion.** (lb. 131, fo, 14.)
Feb. 15, 1667. '* About a fortnight fince I entertained our Dean
and Canons at dinner, made them ihake hands and promife amicable
concurrence.** (lb. xliv. fo. 278, 269.)
Jan. 29, 1667. <<This laft year, 1667, 1 have received but iC4i6>
and have laid out ^f 1125. I have received ifioo from H. H. the
Duke of York.** (Fo. 269.)
Sept. 16, 1667. He begs the Archblihop to excufe him from a jour-
ney, as " I am not yet fupplied with beafts to draw my coach, the old
ones fome of them being for ever maimed in my fcorching travels in
July laft,** (Fo. 218,) in going to Parliament.
I / June 30, 1660. <<The Clergy of Warwickfhire gave to the reilor-
^/ ,. ation 1C214, of Derbyfhire ;f 340, and of Staffordihire jCs^^-" C^b.
' )Cl|V fo. 16.)
April 4, 1668. ''Since my being fettled in this fee, I delivered
up for the work of the church in the firft month that I came hither
^3500. By coUe^ons of benevolence there hath been laid out upon
the faid fabric, about ^f 13000 more. I have renewed no leafes for
Correfpondence with Ahp, Sheldon. 129
tefted above all fins, and ever accounted it among
the fatal prognoftics of a dying Church. When
Jafon outbid Onias, and Menelaus outbid Jafon
lives, but for fuch as were upon years. I have augmented the Vicarage
of Tarven £^o per annum, Belgrave ^^30 per annum, Long Bugby
^20. To releafe of captives I gave >Cxoo* ^X ^^^ fruits came to
above >f 500. My tenths are to this year 1^350." (lb. fo. 20.)
Dec. 12, 1668. *'In velvet purple and azure, I received ^50
worth from the excellent Lady Levifon to ferve fur a parafront, a luf-
front^ and carpet for the altar. From my Lady Bagot moft rich pieces
of gold and filk, and exqulAte imagery for two cushions, whofe mak-
ing up being added from a devout aged widow and a poor one, Mrs.
Hulkes, they are as beautiful as ever I faw. Add to thefe the moft
curious piece that I have ever fcen of purple velvet flowered with gold ** rfLi^jMit
and iilk, to be placed in the parafront above the cufhion, prefented to ^^»^}^Sl^
me f^om the religious wife of Mr. W. Talbot. Lady Wolfy's daugh- ^^'^^^^,
ters put thefe together coft induftry and needle." (MS. xliv. (o, 66.jfCi4)^**^''^'
Aug. 7, 1669. '* The ftalls of our new and moft beautiful Quire at X7^
Lichfield, fifty-two in number, have feveral patrons, at ^8 coft for '
thirty-four of them. The chief are the Duke of Albemarle, Earl of
Clarendon, then Chancellor, Earl of Southampton, then Treafurer,
Marquis of Dorchefter, Earls of Bridgewater and Anglefey, Lord
Secretary Arlington, and Bps. of Durham and Winton." (lb. 131,
fo. 38.)
Jan. 18, 1669. << Having reached Lichfield after a tedious and
dangerous journey of five days, our cathedral church being made ready
to perform all holy fervices in it, I addrefTed myfelf to reconcile it
firom much bloodfhed and pollution which had defiled it, and \o dedi-
cate it to the worihip of the Moft High. All things being made ready
and prepared according to the beft rituals that I could fearch into,
having no pattern before me The baptiftery, the holy table,
with all the plate and utenfils belonging to it, and the pulpit were new
made, erected and confecrated four years ago by a pattern which I re- •
ceived from Bifhop Wrenn, deceafed Truly I did my beft en-
deavour to proceed according to piety and the beft antiquity
Though I will not belie God*s goodnefs to fay I am caft down with
ficknefs, yet verily I am fo feeble and indifpofed, that in plain blunt
language, I cannot endure a journey of one hundred miles. Befide
that in the Spring 1 do conftantly fubmit to a courle of phyfic and a
diet not to ftrengthen me, (that age is paft with me,) but to keep me
from finking down."
Sept. 28, 1670. In reply to a requeft from the Primate for a re-
turn of his expenfes, he fays, '* I am moft negligent in recording my
expenfes to pious and noble ufes, but with the help of a frail memory,
the particulars enfuing are very certain. I gave ^3500 to the fabric
of the cathedral eight years fince; I hive coUe^ed about ^f 15000
130 Life of Bijhop Hacket,
300 Talents, (2 Mach. iv.) it is fet down as a pro-
digious token of the deftrudlion of Jerufalem, and
joined with the fiery horfemen that appeared in
the next chapter (chap, v.) to the fame affrighting
more, and have expended it and much more to the fame ftrudore,
which it now for the organ, ftails, altar, ornaments, pavement, and all
other parts, the faireft by report in the land. [/» the margin^ — ^The
King*s ftatue, fpire, weft window.] Our communion-plate, parafront,
and fuffiront have coft 1C230. I am now upon the cafting of fix [in
1669 he (ays eight, fo. 35] fair bells for the fteeple at ^^1300 charge,
for which fum I am like to be left in the lurch extremely, for I am
behindhand with the workmen 1^400. The great bell of 450olbs.
weight is already caft, but not yet hung, for it attends the carpenters*
works. The fecond bell of 34iolbs. weight will be defpacched in a
month, the reft in time as moneys ihall be brought in for materials,
but I pay all for the fupply in the mean time. I have provided a
fpacious and moft convenient houfe for my fucceflbrs as can be in-
habited, and by much providence and frugality it coft me but jf 1200.
I preferved all the old tenants in their leafes, and all moft content
with their fines. I lent ^500 to His Majefty, and procured great
loans from my clergy. I have given 1^1200 to build in Trinity Col-
lege in Cambridge, a fabric called BIftiop*s Hoftel, the rents of the
chambers to go perpetually to the Library, which will amount to about
^60 per annum. I have given ^50 to build up Clare Hall, and £^0
to the Library of S. John*s College, becaufe my noble lord was the
founder thereof. For all this I keep every day handfome hofpitalicy
for the cathedral men, clergy, gentry, inhabitants of the city. And
the poor want not their daily refediions. I hope I have forgot many
things. My private charity I hate to keep in a calendar, only I add
that I give ^zo per annum duly to fome o( the decayed gentry to
whom I carry good affedtion. I have done with this.** (lb. fo. 45.)
Sir Andrew Hacket on oath June 11, 1684, declared that his
<< father did lay out and expend, whiift he was Bifliop, in the repairs
of the cathedral, the prcbendal houfe wherein he lived, and hofpitality
and charity, more than the fines by him received, and the annual rent
profit and emoluments of the bifliopric,** and that his '' eftate, both
real and perfonal, at the time of his being made bifliop was iar greater
than all the eftate that he left at his death, the preferment of his
children included.** (Tanner MS. cxxxi. fo. 104.)
Hacket, however, forefaw this refult, for he fays, 06t. 15, 1670,
<< I am aflured my children and grandchildren will not want, becaufe
I borrow this from them for God's fervice.** (lb. xliv. fo. 228.) Yet he
was very attached to them, his own home he calls *' the beft nurfery of
his age,** and mentions a vifit in 1666 to a newly married daughter as
<< a kindneis, though a troublefome one to my old age, due to a child
that always deferved well.** How much then did Lichfield owe to
1
His difcreet difpenjing of preferment. 131
purpofe. Truth is, in his poor Church he had but
few preferments to give, otherwife he would fay, he
would never fuffer good fcholars to fit clofe in their
ftudies unpreferred, while others who lefs deferved
fharked them away. To give the beft preferments
to the worfl men, was in his opinion to fet the
goats on the right hand and the fheep on the left,
which would certainly haften the Divine judgment,
which would decree righteoufnefs. I will only add
further upon this head, that wherever any objedi:
commendable and deferving was reprefented to him,
there needed not much fpeaking, his charity was
dijlillatio favi^ like the dropping of a honeycomb,
you need not prefs it, it would orop of itfelf with-
out draining. But for fuch as were validi mendi-
cantesy vagabonds and fturdy beggats, who had both
health and limbs, and yet fought to eat their bread
by the fweat of others, our jBilhop never would
encourage themj for by long acquaintance with
*' the unwearied labour, prudence, piety and charity of Iti good Blfliop
a fecond Cedda." (AJhmole^s Life, p. 86.)
T. Seward, Canon of Lichfield, in a letter (Cent. Mag. Ixvii. p. 479)
to Dr. Chappe, giving a fummary of Hacket*i life and fervicea to
Lichfield Cathedral, fayi of him, ** Pneful hie do£tui et ftrenuui fidei
AnglicaniB defenfor erat contra Jefuitas, et concionator fui temporli
Celebris."
And the following extract fliowi how hii pioui work lived after
him, — ** The fervice wai performed in Lichfield Cathedral with more
harmony and left huddle than 1 have known in any church in
England, except of late in S. Paulas. This cathedral church waa
beaten to pieces in the late wars, but by the seal and diligence of
BiHiop Hacket was re-built as entirely as if it had never been injured,
and chiefly with the money he raifed by barefaced begging. No
gentleman lodged or fcarce halted in the city to whum he did not pay
his refpedls liy way of vifit, which ended in plaufible entreaties for
fome afililance towards reftoring his diftreiTed church from ruin. And
that he brought about eflfedtually, and adorned his choir fo completely
and politely, as I have not feen a more laudable and well compofed
ftru^ure for the purpofe in the country anywhere." (Livei of the
Norths, i. p. 144.)
132 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
the Judges, he had heard they were generally athe-
ifts, libertines living in promifcuous luft, pilferers,
evil fervants of God, unprofitable to the King and
Common Wealth, difhonourers of the Chriftian
name, and therefore fometimes was of the mind to
go from the Church to the Quarter Seffions, and
complain there that God's heavy judgments would
fell upon that kingdom where thefe were per-
mitted.
[44.] There never was a greater enemy to idle-
nefs than this diligent and painful Biihop, who
would feldom fpare an afternoon ; but nothing
could divert him from his morning ftudy to his laft,
and fay, he was then like a Frenchman, primo impetu
acerrimusj beft in a morning, and that Aurora was
the mother of honeydews and pearls which dropped
from fcholars' pens upon their papers, and ever
reckoned that he had great advantage of fome great
Divines, Dr. Holdfworth and Jeffries,^ his dear
friends, whom for their late watchings he called
No^ute Londinenfes, But by a conftant ftudy he
had fearched into all kinds of learning ; he had been
a great inquirer into the knowledge of Nature, and
made many peculiar obfervations of very many
creatures, efpecially bees, fpiders, fhails, and of all
forts of hufbandry, and would often merrily fay,
fince hufbandry was turned over to fwains and
mean perfons, the earth difdained to give fo luxu-
riant a crop, as when it was turned up laureate
vomere et triumphali aratro^ by a laureat ploughman,
and one that had triumphed in the Capitol, and that
it was much eafier to be great and rich* than wife
\ Vi* » JolM>-je fl i eysr e«in »a,flf ^ i m t erbury ». 161 9. — (WatertrSttff.
' Pliny. « Vomere laureate et triumphali aratore." (Nat. Hift.
via. 4.)
His Study of Natural Science, 133
and learned ; and that if it were not below his pro-
feffion, he would undertake to grow rich by hops,
having ftrange fkill in the weather, and in the nature
of the plant, fo that he had an extraordinary fore-
fight when they were likely to take or not. As
Ariftotle reports of Thales the wife man, that one
year he bought up all the oil beforehand, when he
forefaw the fcarcity of the next ;^ but the Bilhop
intended nothing but philofophy, and therein the
contemplation of the Creator of all things, aflerting
that the leaft creature beneath us was worthy the
contemplation of our whole life, and yet would not
be thoroughly underftood, and that David worthily
made a choir of all creatures to praife God from
the greateft Angel in the hoft of Heaven to the
fmalleft flake of fhow.
In his younger time he had been much addi£):ed
to fchool-learning, being then much ufed in the
Univerfity, but afterwards grew weary of it, and
profefTed he found more fhadows and names than
folid juice and fubflance in it, and would much mif-
like their horrid and barbarous terms more proper
for incantation than Divinity, and became perfedly
of B. Rhenanus'2 mind, that the fchoolmen were
rather to be reckoned philofophers than divines j
but if any pleafed to account them fuch, he had
much rather with S. John Chryfoflom be flyled a
pious Divine, than an invincible or irrefragable one
> Arift. Pol. 1. 7. Diog. Laert. in vita. (Thales. § v.)
' Bild, born at Schleftal, Alface, 148 5 ; furnamed Beatus Rhenanus
from his refidence at Straiburgi where he died, 1 547. He wrote Com-
mentaries on feyeral of the Fathers. (Moreri, ii. 147.)
His words are, <* Qui hodie vivunt theologi multo fe putant etiam
acutiores omnibus veteribus, quibus acumen quidem non ab imo fed
do^inam parem non concede, quum hos multi potius philofophos
appellandos cenfeant quam theologos." In prcf. ad Tert. (P. .4. Ed.
Bafle, 15S2.)
134 L'ifr of Bijhop Racket.
with T. Aquinas, or our own countryman Alex-
Hales.^
For knowledge in the tongues, he would confefs,
he could never fix upon Arabian learning, the place
vfzs Jiticulofa regio^ a dry and barren land where no
water is, and had been difcouraged in his younger
years by fuch as had plodded moft in it, and often
quarrelled with his great friend Salmafius for faying,
he accounted no man folidly learned without fkill
in Arabic and other Eaftern languages, our Bifhop
declared his mind otherwife, and bewailed that
many good wits of late years profecuted the Eaftern
languages fo much as to negleft the Weftern learn-
ing and difcretion too fometimes. Mr. Selden and
Bifliop Creitton had both afiirmed to him, that they
fliould often read ten pages for one line of fenfe,
and one word of moment, and did confefs there was
no learning like to what fcholars may find in Greek
authors, as Plato, Plutarch, &c., and himfelf could
never difcern but that many of their quotations and
proofs from them were in his own words, incerta^
inexploratay et elxao-jxeva.
[45.] After all this I would detain the reader no
longer in things of lefs concern, efpecially knowing
it to be againft his mind to permit any pidure of
himfelf that could not reprefent him within, as well
as without, approving what Plotinus faid, that the
other was only the image of an image, and in thirty
years commonly out of felhion, and then grew
ridiculous, and ferved only to make people laugh*
Yet he had one taken by ftealth,^ to which I will
^ Alex. Hales, a Francifcan, 1222; Mailer of Bonaventura, and
called the Irrefragable Do^or. Moreri, i. 277, fays he was not
the author of a Commentary on the Sentences, publiHied at Lyons,
'V5- ....
' There is a print of him by Faithorne, (Nichols, Lit. Anec. iv. 374,)
and Manning (Surrey, ii. 103 ; Lyfons, i. 54) mentions his portrait
His perfonal appearance and carriage, 135
add only a touch or two, (as is ufual,) quia me juvet
ire per omnem Heroa,
He was of bodily ftature fmall and flender, in all
parts clean and well (hapen, of a very ferene and
comely countenance, vivid eyes, with a rare alacrity
and fuavity of afpeft, reprefenting the inward can-
dour and ferenity of his mind j the temper of his
body was rather delicate than ftrong, yet through
temperance and cuftom, grown patient of long fit-
ting and hard ftudy. His voice was ever wonderful
fweet and clear, fo that Dr. Collins would fay, he
had the fineft bell in the Univerfitv, and in one of
his fpeeches termed him ^x^'^^ ^m-tf, I.e., Canora
Cicada^ His behaviour was moft gentle and civil,
no courtier carried a better mien, nor better under-
ftood the art of behaviour, which though fortuitous
and contingent to him, yet much became him in all
company. , His apparel was ever plain, not morofe
or carelefs, but would never endure to be coftly
upon himfelf, either in habit or diet, often quoting
that of S. Auftih, " Profefto de pretiofa vefte eru-
befco," he was as much alhamed of a rich garment
as others of a poor one, and thought they were
fitter for a Roman Conful than a Chriftian Prseful,
and accordingly never put on a filk cafiTock but at a
great Feftival, or a wedding of fome near friend,
holding that a glittering prelate without inward
by Sir Peter Leiy at Beddingham, and the marriage of the daughter of
Nicholas Hacket of Cheam, to Sir F. Carew. (Ibid. 5Z7.)
There is a large engraving of Bifliop Hacket, a half-length by
Faithorne, with the date 1670, and a fmaller portrait by the fame
artift, inferted as a book-plate in the books which he bequeathed to
the Univerfity Library ; both have his motto, " Infervi Deo et laetare."
His effigy, engraved by Hollar, alfo occurs in the " Century.** There
is however a very fine full-length portrait of the BiHiop in Trinity
College Library, which was purchafed by the College. (MS. Char-
ters Trin. Coll. fo. 108.)
1 Hefiod in Scut. Here. 396, and in Diebus, 580.
136 Life ofBiJhop Hacket.
ornaments was but the paraphrafe of a painted wall ;
(Afts xxiii. 3 ;) and on the other fide, if the graces
of the mind could be feen, the beauties of the body
would feem but deformities, nothing being fb fair
and to be admired as the luftre of Divine knowledge,
the eye of the foul attended with a fair hand of
fuitable pradice. Thefe two were like Tabor and
Hermon, the two flately tops of the foul, that reach
to Heaven itfelf. And indeed though he had greater
comelinefs and elegance of body, his divine foul
within was fairer than the lodging without.
When he was young he had a moft lively and
acute wit, which rendered him acceptable to all
companies, but ever tempered with wifdom and
learning, that rendered him more acceptable to the
beft ; and with it he had a prodigious and immortal
memory, whereby he ever bore about him a conflant
chronicle of all occurrences, that he was able to
give a prefent account of whatfoever he had at any
time read, heard, or feen ; even all remarkable
alterations and changes of weather that had been in
his time were as prefent to his memory, as if he had
feen them written in the air before his eyes ; yet in
all thefe no man valued lefs than he in comparifon
of his higher accomplifhments. He abounded not
barely with great learning, acute wit, excellent
judgment and memory, but with an incomparable
integrity, prudence, juftice, piety, charity, conflancy
to God and to his friend in adverfity, and in his
friendfhip was mofl induflrious and painful to fulfil
it with good ofHces, and withal fo ready and able
upon all occafions to give good counfel, that he to
whomfoever God gave that favour of his Lordfhip
had a bleffing fcarce valuable.
Yet notwithflanding all thefe endowments. King
Solomon's words are true in regard of the body,
^Uu C^aJ^ fif/iUi C&€U^ t^ ^ ^iM-t njfxMiX. ^CiUth t^fi^t^ikc,
** There is one event to the righteous and to ^^^^"^[.j^^^^
wicked, and wife men muft alfo die as well as the A^~J^
ignorant and foolifh," (Ecclef. ix. 2 ; Pf. xlix. lo ;) a, j\
and now the time was come that this wife and .^J^^.
good Bilhop muft die. He had finilhed both /^^^^^^
apartments about it, pipes, gilding, wainfcot-cafe,
&c., coft above ;^6oo, being a great lover of
church mufic, and would much bewail the people's
ignorance and fiercenefs, who loved guns more than
organs ; or elfe their lafcivioufnefs, that would pull
them out of churches and fet them up in taverns,
and choofe rather to fin^ in Babylon than in Zion.
And the laft of his Lordlhip's cares for that church
was for the bells \^ he had contradled with very
able founders for fix excellent bells fitting for a
cathedral, which his executor fet up, though three
only were caft before his death, and only one, viz.,
the tenor, hung up, which had not been hung fo foan,
but that his Lordfhip called upon the workmen to
do it. The firft time it was rung his Lordfhip was
very weak, yet he went out of his own bedchamber
into the next room to hear it, and feemed very well
pleafed with the found, and blefiTed God that had
favoured him with life to hear it, but withal con-
cluded it would be his own paffing bell, and fo re-
tired to his chamber, and never came out till he was
carried to his grave.
[46.] He had done his work, and he muft de-
part to the Church Triumphant. He often faid by
a kind of prefage many years before his death, that
fome odd Oftober would part us, he felt his body
' In 16S7-9I) the fix bells contra^d for by Bp. Hacket were rp"
caft. (Harwood, 68.) Hacket's pulpit is at Elford. (Ibid. 67.)
16SS. The bellt were caft In a riog of eighty <<rwallowing up all
the metal for the ten, and that requires £lo more to be added to oor
poor fund for the two other bella." (Borman*s Lives, p. 397. Bd.
t'ttA.\ r*AmmimieAfeMi hv »h« It mm T R R ILr«v«%» W A
1 38 Life of Bijhop HackeU
more weak at that autumnal feafon than any other,
and could not have held out fo long, but that he
was forced to fly to phyfic and diet to corroborate,
or rather keep him from finking every fpring and
fall. Accordingly he fickened upon S. Luke's
^Day, Odlober 18, 1670, and died upon SS. Simon
and Jude's Day following, aged 78 years,^ the juft
time of Athananus and S. Hierom of old, according
(tfiA>6i*| to Baronius.
ftltJ**?!^ Within a fortnight before his death he remitted
^ff^ nothing of his former ftudies ; when he was firft
taken uck he did not conceive it to be mortal, and
therefore fent the week before he died to a friend
in London to fend him down the new books from
abroad or at home. But being ever upon his watch-
tower, when he perceived God beckoned him to
come away, then he laid afide his books, and all
communication or thoughts concerning any tem-
pioral matter ; his heart was fixed, and not to be
removed from the great objeft of eternal life. He
would fay to his vifitants, he was a decaying old
man, and defire them to avoid the room ; where in
confeflion of his fins he was ever moft humble, in
godly forrow moft contrite, in prayer moft afiiduous,
in faith moft fteadfaft, in fuflFering his ficknefs moft
patient, in defiring to be unclothed of the body moft
joy fill and content. He fliowed no fear of death,
^ Morris* Lives, 205.
The record on Bifliop Hackefs tomb gives ** Obiit 28 Oft., 1670."
The entry in the Regifter of the Cathedral of his burial is exaftiy
this, —
'* So]^n l^acket, ICoitr 33p. of lEid^. $r €Dof)., buryetr tf^e
i6tfi of Jtobembcr, 1670."
The title of the Regifter Book in which the above entry occurs is
this, — *' A Regifter of all the Chriftenings, Weddings, and Burials in
the Clofe of the Cathedral Church of Lichfield, begun a.d. 1664."
(Communicated by Rev. S. Andrew of Lichfield.)
^ri^oitn Laji hours and death. 139
nor the leaft fign of any perturbation of mind for
his approaching end ; but rather rejoiced that the
day of the Lord was come, which he had fo often
defired ; and as G. Nazianzen in his Funeral Ser- {OYdh
mon for S. Bafil, rejoices that he died jxera l>r}fji.ot(nv \xx .
eva-e^eloLSy with godly fayings in his mouth, in like
manner did cur godly Bifhop fo conclude his days
in this world as he looked to begin them in the
next, that the end of this life fhould be fuitable to
the beginning of the other, and that his laft words
he breathed forth here fhould have a good connec-
tion with his firft addrefles when he faw God face
to face there. Therefore being in perfeft fenfe, he
fent for one of his Prebendaries to come and pray
with him, who after fome holy conference, read the
Office appointed for the Sick j after that his Lord-
fhip defired him to add two Collefts, naming firfl
that for the Second Sunday in Lent, and then after-
ward that for the Firfl Sunday after Trinity, (both
mofl pertinent to that great occafion,) and then to
give the bleffing. Which being done, he thanked
him heartily with a faltering fpeech, whereby the
company plainly perceived, that with the end of
his prayers he drew near the end of his mortal life,
and defired to be left alone ; and fo all departed the
room fave a couple of fervants, who within half a
quarter of an hour gave notice of his placid depar-
ture, with as gentle a tranfmigration to happinefs as
I think was ever heard of.
Thus I have declared fincerely the life, the fick-
nefs, the departure of this worthy Chriflian Prelate,
who lived as good men defire to live, and as many
men, that are but fhadows, appear to live ; and then
departed with as eafy an Ev6avol<tIa as any man could
defire to die.
[47.] His funerals only remain, which were per-
140
Life of Bijhop Hacket,
formed by the Reverend and learned Dr. Scatter-
good,^ his Lordfhip's Chaplain, in the Cathedral
Church, where he was interred near the body of
his predeceflbr, Bifhop Langton,^ as old people faid,
both great benefaftors to that Chvirch^^ under a fair
tomb erefted by the piety of the moft accomplifhed
Sir Andrew Hacket,* his eldeft fon, and heir both
of his eftate and virtues.
He was attended thither by multitudes of the loyal
^ Nov. 1 6, 1670. (Harwood, 298.) The Bifhop*s body having
lain in (late fince OQi, 28.
Anthony Scattergood, eldeft fon of John Scattergood, of Ellafton,
**? ' / StafFordfhire, created S;T.P. f6r preparing " Critici Sacri** for the prefs,
1662; D.D. Oxon. 1669; matriculated, 17 Dec, 1620; Fellow of
Trinity College, Cambridge, (A. O. Fafti, f. a. 1669, U. 314;) Re£lor
of Winwick, i6ai k Yfet[5'''o^^ '^^9 > Prebendary of Lichfield, Aug.
J * litjJ^J*'^^ 1666, Ani Eufcoln^^Chaplain to Abp. Williams and. to Hacket,
i^kik^^^ ' ^«<^,f^,«til^J!«hington-, pia,y ii. 9S U^Js^'t&ftM^.
/7'*<*^r.^.^^i4; Harwood*8 LMf/ 24.3 : Du port's Mufae Subfecivae, i74uKen//
net's Chron. 7o8.)fcw£a mf€lU4k^J . ' V- ' .. ^^.,J ■ ,'>^ -i(2
<:y\ ^ Walter de Langton, born at Weft Langtbn ; Canon of Lichfie^,
Treafurer of LlandafF, 1290 ; Dean of Bridgenorth ; Keeper of the
Privy Seal, 1292; Lord Treafurer, 1292; Executor to the King; he
died 1 32 1. For his works at Lichfield, fee my Hift. of £ng. Ca-
thedrals. >
' Harwood*8 Lichf. p. 99.//
Sir Andrew Hacket wasieducated at Weftminfter, A.M. of Tri-
nity College, Cambridge, 1^2; Knt., 1673; Lord of the Manor
of Tilbury ; Mafter in Chani6ery, (Brit. Biog. vii. 421 ;) he died March
16, 1709, and was buriejl^t Wifliaw, Co. Warwick. (Alum. Weftm.
123; Burke, L. 6. ii.' 1201.) Various notices of the Hackets of
Moxhull during the Ulft century will be found in the obituaries of the
Gentleman's Magazine. In a Letter dated June 6, 1653, the Bifliop
mentions that his fecond fon was apprenticed to the brother of '' Do-
minus Antonius Spargibonum," (Dr. Scattergood, who intended to edit
Dr. Ward's works,) living near Newgate Prifon, London. (Sloane
MS. 170 1, fo._ i8s.) | Jjii Anilii ur in imTTi i iiiulifii iif nffllllll TTl 11
le monument, a high tomb fupporting a recumbent effigy, mitred,
and holding a paftorai ftafF, is placed under the arch of a window on
the fite of Biftiop Blyth^s monument. It was intended to ftand on
the right fide of the altar, clofe to the left hand fide of BiHiop Lang-
ton's monument. (Gent. Mag. Ixvi. p. i. 296, where there are two
tranflations of the epitaph, with blunders in both.)
1^
'tUl'
'1f
o
le J^b^ r^u^ ^^^ wd;«Loiak" arc in Trimtr Col-
m L A«/I! .*f!^L!^- ^l*"l ^"''^^ ^-A., Llb«ri«,/ttd Mr.
White, Affiftiot Librarian of the GoUeKe. » »
Hts Will and Beque/ls, 141
gentry ah<J forrowful Clergy of his Diocefe, all de-
firous to ^^ the utmoft dues and rights they were
able to his memoryj thinking no flowers too fweet
for his hearfe^Nmd no box of ointment too coftly
for his burial, alKadmiring his paft diligence, fage
government, admirabje miniftrations, and bewailing
the great and univerfariqfs by his death.
" Quantum
Praefidium Aufonia, et quanthm tu perdis lule !**^
s N.
i2 O Diocefe of Lichfield, what VF^'^er haft thou
.g loft ! O Univerfity of Cambridg^what a friend !
J O Houfe of Aaron, what an ornament ! O Church
of England, what a faint ! Sic orafereh^t,
[After his death were attributed to hinv" Chrif-
tian Confolations," i2mo., 167 1, re-publnhed in
1840^ His "Scrinia Referata, or Life of A^ch- C^^vK^id-W
[fhop Williams,'! appeared in folio, London, i
rote the epitaph on Archbifhop Williams
LlandegJkLnear Bangor.^ He alfo publiflied a
Latin tranflation of Bacon's Eflays.^ His will* is
preferved in Dodtbts-'- Commons, as the ArchbiflioD
J ^ of Canterbury claimed until alL'Linl ^jMAJyJ tu luW^
J^ the wills of his fufFragans proved in his own Court.
:ai It is dated Jan. 9, 1665 ; he thanks God for His
grace enabling him to *' embrace from his heart the
true reformed doftrine of the Church of Englancl'
with the Liturgy and government thereof as tjj^y
^-e profefled at this prefent." To Sir Andre;^',^ his
n, he left his perfonal property and the JVUhors of
^V Micfield and Benningham Hall, Suffolk; To his
^fj thrfec daug hters 'Elizabeth Hutchinfofl* Maria Da-
3»>»0 - Aieid. XI. 58. ' Ath. Oxon. iv. 689. *'*^^ti<>/C4*'2teto
' ^Mk^NA^iiUAft^ Tenlfon^s Batbniana, 1679, p. 6i.ASome| » . \y^
.s
"S
1
B
f«
lines on
♦ Peftnl 17s
be feen rn lifptesand
^ A.U t#c »fr • *• J,^ ^" »^*^ AtchbiApp Sancroft ««bor. \,^ / •
towed the MS. Life of Bp. jS^n WUHiini, by Dr. Hacket, contiinlng M lW^
484 iMgei in folio," for eighteen dftyt from Dr. Pliiiiie^ under a load L/JZf T
for ill return. (Tianer MS. xxx. 137.) VT^l
y hulked:,
' 142 Life ofBiJhop Racket.
Nsj venport, and Theophila Dyves, {p-OO each ; to
P*'^ Archbilhop Sheldon ^20 for a piece of plate; to
J ^ Bp§. Hep(haw, Cofin, and Mojeley, to Sir Walter
'^ ^XittletonTMr. Henry ArchboM^and Dr. A, Scat-
* W tergood, 40J. for a ring each ; to his " brothers-in-
1
^ j50? ^^^' Mary, 100 marks for a jewel. There is a
J 3v . long codicil in which, and in his will, he remembers
t^^^ . all belonging to him, his friends the Wolfeleys, his
^ 4| N grandchildren, his parifhes of Cheam and Holborn,
• 3 |. t^his College, his officials, his fervants, and the
5 J 3 chorifter who attended him. /Co Mrs. Frances,
Q ^ \ daughter of Sir Francis WolfeWy, he bequeathed
■^^ ^200, and ^20 a year; and to her fitter Anne
100, and ^30 a year, as that lady ''had given
•J- •* moft careful and faithful attendance to him for two
"^ ^ years' fpace in his houfehold affairs, and did con-
. I tinue in the fame refpeftful kindnefs." To the
^S| > choirmen of Lichfield he gave ^20 j to the poor of
^^ I Holborn ^10, of Lichfield ;^io, and of Cheam /5.
^ Q * It fhould be added that in the codicil he revokes nis
^i*^ gift by will of ^100 to the Library of Trinity Col-
^ i J lege in order to found the Bifhop's Hoflel. The
^ ^5 ^ books which the Public Library did not require
^ • J were to be fold at the befl rate by the Vice-Chan-
5/5 V cellor, the Provofl of King's, and the Maflers of
j;|^^ ^:^ Trinity and S. John's, and the "moneys beflowed
to find fuch books as the faid four Governors fhould
think meet." His advice to his children is, —
" My fweet fons and daughters, I charge you to
hold the one orthodox Proteflant religion of the
Church of England. Love one another. Agree in
the fear of God. Swerve not from loyalty, juflice,
\V^ truth, chaflity, and temperance. Be very charitable
^
The Biibop's children by hit firft mankge, tnd alluded to tn his
will, were :— ^44^4^^^*^ /^* /^fO
I. Sir kii^rtvfyJii^HmzmtA^ iftly, Maiy, daughter of Biihop Hen-
ihaw, ihe died before 1683. andly, Mary, daughter of John Lifle of
Moxhull. (See Dugdale^s Warw. p. 6S6 ; Burke's L« G. ii. 1201.)
1. Elisabeth, whom^ied John Hutchinfon, Canon Refidentiary of
Lichfield, Redor of Aftbury. (B. Willis, 467.) To their daughter
Elizabeth the Biihop left jf^oo.
2. Theophila, who married Francis. Ton of Sir Lewis Dyve of
f Brom ham, Beds, and grandfon of Sir John Dyve and Beatrix Walcott,
I afterwards Countefs of Briftol. [Her firft coufin, John Walcott, ffee
g, 13,) was Prebendary of Lincoln, x6i8.] (Lyfons* Beds, p. 02 ;
urke's L. G. ii. 1485.) |W^*H p. U^O
IJ. John, a|ipMBiM«i^ip4iMm9M%4^^.«if*l) died young.
3. Anne, married Samuel Lockhart, who brought their fon John
to Lichfield tb the Biihop^s << great o£Fence."
^ 4. Mary, married John Davenport, citisen of London ; £be died
^ 1672, and is buried in S. Vedaft*s, London. (Hatton, ii. 577.) Their
* fbn John was bequeathed jf 100 by the Bifliop.
IIL Guftavus, citizen, of S. DunftanVin-the-Weft, died 1673 ;
I he married Anne, daughter of Sir Francis Rou(e of Putney, Scout
! Mafter General. (Lyfons' £nv. iv. 607, Admin. Ad. Book, Do^lon*
Commons, A. Pye, fo. 84 b.) The Bifhop, who had already given .
him 1^1500^ forgave him a debt of ^^400, and added ^\oo with his
' bleffing, charging his eldeft Ton to ^* carry a moft fpecial love unto
him."
L&
w
• >
«
i*
f
r
J
7
..i
ttcy
l;yiii i^ri^i^
"vwp
^^.
^.
Conclufion. 143
k to the poor ; do good to your enemies. Serve God,
and be cheerful."]
But we will no more deplore his death, or repine
that he is taken from us, but rather rejoice and give
God thanks that we ever had him, and that he
lived fo long with us.
This world was not worthy of him, who was
fitter company for Angels and ftars of Heaven, than
clods of dufl and blood below ; and therefore God
\ took him from this dunghill to ftand before His
• throne, where we leave thee (blefled foul) among
\ the angelical choir, joyful in the illumination of the
Holy Trinity, and ravifhed with thy contempla-
tion of the Divine and unconceivable glory.
We will endeavour not only to read and admire,
but prad^ife all thy holy counfels, which now found
more loud from thy books and writings than they
formerly did from thy rare difcourfes and preach-
ings.
♦ •v We afcribe the glory of all to God, and "will
I compofe ourfelves to imitate thy graces and virtues,
^* (O Divine Hacket,) whofe name is renowned, and
„ memory for ever blefTed.
.-t And will hereafter liften with patience for the
voice of the Archangel and trump of God, for the
refurreftion of the dead, the renovation of the
world, the creation of the new Heaven and new
earth at the glorious appearing of Christ Jesus
with all His holy Angels and Saints : and then in
the number of godly Prelates and faithful Dodlors
of the Chriftian Church, I fhall fee again my Bilhop
and Father, and hope to be feen of him in glory.
Amen.
Come, Lord Jesu, come quickly.
144 Lifi ofBiJhop Racket.
€ht OBpitapft*
JOANNIS RACKET,
EPISC. LICHF. ET COVENTR. CINERIB. SACRUM.
PRIM-ffiV-ffl PIETATIS ET SUMM^ ELOQUENTIiE PR-SESULEM,
EccLEsiiE Anglicans et fidei orthodoxy assertorem
STRENUUM,
CoNCIONATOREM ETIAM ad ULTIMUM ASSIDUUAf,
£t superstitjonis Babylonic^ tam maturum hostem^
Ut PENE in CUNIS 8TRAVER1T LoYOLITAS ;
(RaRO EXEMPLO ut PoETA PR-ffiLUDERET ThEOLOGO)
VlTJE DENIQUE INTEGRITATE, ET INNOCENTIA,
MORUM SUAVITATB ET CANDORE,
ChARITATE ERGA PAUPERES BXiMIA,
£t liberalitate erga suos insignem typum ;
(Verbo omnia)
JoH. Williams Metropol. Ebor. Patroni sui Ectypum,
(Desine ulterius qu^rere)
IsTA omnia Tabula h^c unico in Hackbto exhibet.
AnVERSUS positum cstera marmor habbt.
Obiit 28 Oct. 1670.
Sub anno ^tatis su^ 79.
The Epitaph. J4S
SlSTAMVS ERGO !
MoRiE PRBTIUM EST SCIRB^
Quis DBMUM Lanothono CLAUDIT LATUS ?
Solus Hackstus tanto oignus contubbrnio ;
Cujus nm libbralitati dbbbtur.
Quod Langthoni onbrbs non prigbscunt.
^Dis Cathbdralis Lichfibldia Instaurator illic>
Restaur ATOR hic jacbt.
ECCLBSIA AnGLICAN^S AnTISTITUM par IKGBNS9
£0<^B INGENTIUS QUOD SIBIMET PARES.
Scire vis Lector^
quam multis illb bonis flbbilis occidit ?
SCHOLA RBGIA WeSTMONAST. AlUMNUM,
Collegium SS. Trinitatis Cantabr. Socium,
EccLBsiA S. Andrew, Holbourn '^ Quadragenarium
Et ChEAM in AGRO SuRRIENSI 3 R-ECTOREMy
i^DEs D. Pauli Residentiarium^
Sbdes hac Episcopalis dignissimum sibi Prasulem ab-
reptum deflbt.
Sed ludo tb, Viator,
dum inter mortuos repbro
EUM ViRUM
QUEM RESTAURATA PaULI RELIQUIA, ET CeDOA RUINA^
QuEM HospiTiuM Episcopalb SS. Trin. Coll. db novo
extructum,
£t Cantabr. Bibliotheca libris cumulate aucta,
Longum dabunt supbrstitem.
146 Life ofBiJhop Hacket.
At the head of the ftatue upon the monument is
engraved,
** I WILL NOT SUFFER MINE EYES TO SLEEP .... TILL
I HAVE FOUND OUT A PLACE FOR THE TeMPLE OF THE
Lord." — Psalm 132.
At the feet,
QuAM speciosa vestigia
EVANGELIZANTIUM PACBM.
The motto of the coat at the head of the tomb,
Zelus domus tuj£ exedit me.
On the oppofite coat at the feet,
Inservi Deo et latare.^
Upon the grave-flone (that covers the body) in the aifle
contiguous to the monument,
Johannes Racket,
Efiscopus Lichf. et Coventr. heic situs est.
^ Haywood (p. loi) adds, ^'at the bafe of the tomb is inicribed,
* Optimo patri pientiffimus filius, Andreas Hacket, miles, pofuit.*"
See his affectionate remembrance of his father*s '* apoftolical exhorti-
tion, munificent example, and unwearied diligence.** (lb. 59.)
APPENDIX.
HHAT impaniatity »nd indifierence to truth
which this happy Church of England
hath maintained, not turning the fcale
either thi* way or that way for Luther
or Calvin's fake, or whomfoever elfe, it
hath given us ihe advantage to be molt
comely in difcipline, moft retentive of
good antiquity, moft certain of fundamental truth, and of
all Churches in the world to have leaft difagreemcnt with
all Chriftian Churches throughout the world. Wc write
ourfelvcs Chriftians, and nothing elfe. T^ie name of
Proteftant as it was ever harmlefs, fo properly it concerned
but the pleading of fome grievances upon one day when a
diet of the princes was held at Spire. Catholic, a word
to be very well approved of, finds more acceptance with
fome than Chriltiin. The indignity is as if Chriftian
were general to every fchifmatic and feftary, and Catholic
were appropriated to the orthodox abiding in the bofom
of the Church. Why, he that can falfely fay Chriftian is
my name, can he not with as much impudency and falfe-
hood fay. Catholic is my lumame 1
You flialt never take the heart of man without a new
and changeable wilb. Such things as we dcfire their fub-
ftance doth not enter into our heart, but their colours and
(hidows, and a fliadow or a ftncy takes no room, the
place is ai empty for all them is ever it was before. The
154 Appendix.
greater part of men glat themfelves with pkafores
ftink in God's noftrils, wherefore the Lord icnds a dis-
turbance upon their fpirit* that they take as little plcaiiire in
that they have as in that they have not. They drink the
waters of bitternefs, therefore they fhall merit the more
and be tormented. . • . Whatfbever the Lord gives me
in this life my heart ihall be contented, if He will give me
Himielf, I (hall be fatisfied with His goodnefs as out of a
river, and he that drinketh of thofe waters which Cskist
fhall give him, he Ihall never thirft.
The Wedding Garment is faith, good works, fjpiritiul
joy, repentance, and all thefe, and more than the(e» for it
fignifies that all virtue in the feveral threads (hall be woven
into one heart.
Faith, Hope, and Charity are fruits that hang all upon
a ftalk. Three feparate graces, yet they have but one
foul. Faith fays, '* There is a kingdom prepared for the
righteous ;" Hope catcheth hold and (ays, '' It is prepared
for me ;" then Charity comes in for her part and (ays^
•* I will run to obtain it.*'
Miracles are the bright condeUations that (hine in the
orbs of the New Tefbment.
God is everywhere, we circcm:iforibe Him not in hea-
ven when we look up thither, it is not the throne of His
Prefcnce but of His glory ; yet for our hope's fake, for our
confoJation's fake, efpecially for the elevation of oar mind^
we turn our eyes towards Him in that place where there
is no mixture of mutability.
Our Saviour's human nature was the veflel into which
the grace of the Almighty was poured, (S. John ziii. 3,)
under His feet were the Apolties, they had their powera
and commidion horn Him. The Apoftles communicatod
their gift to the people. The Dove, that is the Holt
Spirit, doth u(e to fetch this compafs about before thelighti,
O glorious Hierarchy ! O moft beautiful degree of Strength
and Majefty ! O golden chain, whofe uppermoft link is
Appendix. 155
faftened to the higheft Heaven, and the nethermoft pare
toucheth the loweil earth 1
Weeping, mourning, and fading are like prickles about a
ro(e ; as no fweet ro^ is without prickles, fo no powerful
prayer is without thefe, or fome of thefc. The rofe the
flower of religion, is the odour of fweet incenfe that af-
cends up before the Lord.
Obferve your conflant times of private prayer at lead
every morning and every evening, if oftener the better ;
cad yourfelves on your knees with a refolved preparation
to be a faithful, a penitent, an earned fupplicant. Inter-
mit not this practice for any worldly avocation, either to
ierve yourfelf, or to ferve your friends ; and I can tell you
this will bring fuch admirable effedls to pafs when you
have got the habit and perfeverance of that virtue as I
durd not name, but that the Spirit of God hath got afTur-
ance of it. It will give you knowledge of Divine things
when you will wonder how you learned them. It will
pluck the thorns of concupifcence out of your flefli, when
you will marvel how you were rid of them. It will give
you courage of dangers when there is fmall hope to efcape,
and content when defire is not obtained, and cheerfulnefs
when every thing that fhould procure joy is far from you.
It is grace and peace, health and wealth, and every good
thing that concerns this life and a better. Afk zesilouily,
faithfully, devoutly, with love unfeigned, with a clean
heart.
To wage war is a felicity to all princes, and fometimes
a neceflity to the good.
Christ wept but twice in all, — once over His friend
Lazarus, that was a natural padxon, and once over Jerufa-
lem that fought His blood, that was a celedial paflion.
Nay, though He went but a footpace from one city to
another to preach the Gofpel, yet He would needs ride to
Jerufalem, fo to make hade to fufier, longing till the work
of our redemption was finidied. S. Ambrofe fays. He
groaned as well to have the bitter cup come quickly^ as to
156 Appendix.
have it pais away, and grew weary of delay till He had
paid the handwriting that was againft us.
When God was firft angry with man. He did bat walk
in the cool to chide Adam.
There are few fo hard hearted but will proteft with an
oath if our Saviour had been Incarnate in thefe our days,
then they would have ftrived to make Him welcome,
their choiceft palace fhould have received Him, and His
diet would have been whatfoever the earth and fea afforded.
Alas ! to promiie thb to Him Who needs it not is a kind
of fpiritual bribery. Keep your coftly manfions to your-
felves, and afford Him feme fuftenance in a hofpitaJ.
Take the plenty of the earth to your own table in {bbriety
and temperance, and feed Him with your alms-baiket.
If he fay. Here is Christ, or lo, there He is, and that
every diflreffed ChrifUan is nourifhed for His fake, yoa
may believe him. Why do the rich men of the world do
nothing for the Churches of God ? Do you expe^ that
the Holy Ghost fhould come down again like a mighty
rufhing wind and enter in, that every wall and window is
left naked and decayed, efpecially in famous cathedral
churches, to the injuries of the weather ? Good God !
what was the zeal of our forefathers, that they fhoold
build more unto religion than we keep in repanltion ?
Alas ! poor philofophy, who knows not how to con-
found the wifdom of her principles? Every part oi
nature fhould be out of frame, heaven and earth fhouki
pafs away before one tittle of God's Book fhould perifh,
that with the diffolution of the heavens no angels might
remain, and with the ruin of the earth no man might be
left to teftify againfl it. The holy martyrs have forfaken
their lives, that this truth might not forfake them. And
as it is reported that the afhes fpread upon the high
mountains of Tenariffa retain for ever any letters drawn
upon them by reafon of the tranquillity of the place, io no
wind or fform can fcatter away thofe holy Words of God's
book, fince they have been written in the afhes of the mar-
Appendix. 157
•tyrs. The Law cannot better endure in the tables of
(lone, than the Gofpel in that facred dull.
If the womb of Mary dcferved a bicffing from all genera-
tions that bore the Infant from everlafting, if the arms of
Simeon deferved a church anthem every evenfong that en-
clafped Him, if the tomb of Jofeph was attended by Angels
where His body lay, then cut down palms, and fpread
your garments in the way, for Christ has rode in triumph
into that heart into which faith has entered.
Mercy without truth is a dangerous pity. Truth with-
out mercy is not verity but feverity. Truth is the orient
dar of the underftanding, and mercy is the brightnefs of
the will.
He that never faw the fea is as near his journey's end to
pafs it, as he that wades but to the ancles.
Truth is the daughter of Time, and the reverend anti-
quity of the Fathers muft be her regifter.
My belief is as broad as the Apodles made the
pattern.
For ceremonies, to defpife our garments, our geflures,
our canonical ordinances, may feem no damage to religion,
but the very fubflance of our Chridianity would be open
to the wild boar of the wood to root it up if the hedge
were broken. They that zealoufly wifh abundance of
happinefs in the Church, would wifh, I think, that cano-
nical obedience did lie more ftriftly upon the clergy in
the whole courie of their profeflion. When every man
follows the genius of his own difpofition, licence cannot
choofe but bring in confufion, for though every one fhould
do well for his own part, yet the work muft be out of
order.
Earth is our pilgrimage, and Heaven our country.
Our Saviour Himfelf was born, but in an inn, as if He
took up His lodging for a night in the world, and were
but a paiTenger.
158 Appendix.
He that is prepared to die but one kind of death, is not
yet fit to be a martyr, and he that is prepared to live but
one kind of life, is not yet fit to be a confeiTor for the
Name of Christ.
As Christ hath but one truths fo He can have but one
fociety, one Communion of Saints to profefs it. But
what if heretics and fchifmatics will not fufier this unity
entire and unviolated ? The iiTue is quickly caft up, the
unity is greater for their departure.
The contents of the Revelations have fuch an abflruie
and myflical fenfe, that the beft clerks in all ages that have
known moft are commended for their moderation that
they have faid lead unto it.
Let me go down to the lowed room, let my fpirit aim
at nothing but to be the temple of Gop here, that here-
after I may reft under the altar in life everlafting. They
are there at reft in the outward rooms of Heaven, and ftay
there in expectation of more abundant glory. The words
of praife which they give are a chariot drawn by the
three tranfcendent attributes of the Divine nature. Power
belongs unto the Father, for all things are by Him ;
Truth belongs unto the Son, for all the fhadows of the
old law are fulfilled in Him ; Goodnefs belongs to the
Holy Ghost, for He is the fandlification that is difiufed
in their hearts.
The faints are fo ravifhed with the fplendour of the
beatifical vifion that they have no leifure to think of the
pafiions which they endured in this life, much lefs can
they fpare a minute to caft away a thought upon their
periecutors.
When you find a robuftioufnefs in your fpirit that you
are fet to wreftle with God, to cry out and not to give
over, it is an enlightening that you (hall prevail; but
when you are fluggifti in afking, it is an ill prefage that
the time of mercy is not come.
Every little fcarcenefs threatens death, or is wor(e dian
Appendix^ 159
death to them that want the friendihip of God. It is not
bread or drink confidered barely in itfelf which doth
nouriih the body^ but the blefling of God infufed into it.
To him that walks in a valley » every fhrub is tall that
grows upon the top of a mountain ; fo perhaps our plea-
fures feem aloft to us, and not to lie fo low as the bottom
of a welly becaufe we ourfelves do walk in the ihadow of
death, and in the valley of corruption.
Every aft of divine worfhip well placed raifeth up our
melody unto God in a higher note, the noife of every idle
fuperdition drowns the mufic.
For public confederacy of many perfons in one order, it
is as lawful, being well managed, as it is full of exceptions
before the inllitution. Why may there not be holy com-
binations to praife the Lord, as there are orders for chi-
• valry and honour ?
The four juft conditions of a vow are, — i. That it be
a thing indiffi:rent but reducible to the fulfilling of the law.
2. That it be poflible in the fphere of our own ability.
3. That ir be juft and lawful. 4. That it be full of
weight, and moment to draw us to the fear of the Lord.
There are two things which you may choofe to untie
the knot of a vow, — i. The peremptory rejefting of a
bad vow, (and that is lawful); and 2. The changing
thereof unto fome other vow (and that a more expedient)
that God may have fome fervice done unto Him by way
of a vow.
Fafting humbleth, prayer is powerful, honeft communi-
cation apparelleth the mind with good thoughts, watching
tamech the ileih.
That faft is fruftrate of the due end which brings fuch
infirmity upon the body that it is unfit for prayer; it muft
be proportioned that it may not ftiffen our devotion, but
make it more limber for prayer and piety. The Church
therefore hath always provided fo to circumfcribe the
i6o Appendix.
ilri6left faft, that no man fhould pat his life to hazard,
nor his health to prejudice.
What a mifery it is to challenge unto anything wherein
men's labours or pailions have an intereft, that it is ab-
folate and inculpable, for though it be never fo much de-
praved, it fhall never be mended.
When the hour fhall come to glorify the Gofpel, fhch
works fhall be brought to pafs which are adapted for that
end, perhaps lefs^ perhaps greater than in former ages.
Be not overtaken with fcruples and fufpicions, what
operation the offices of the Church have, when fuch as
are very fcandalous difpenfe them. An iron feal can im-
print a flamp as well as one of gold. The feed may come
up and do well, though the hand were leprous that fbwed
it. Be comforted, the High Priefl Jesus is prefent, not
for the workman's fake, but for the work at thofe ordi- •
nances which Himfelf hathconflituted.
He that allows a mortal man an abfolute fway over his
underflanding, to ftoop to anything he bids him do with-
out examination of the fadls, puts him into that privilege
which is due to God alone.
. In the firfl days of the Gofpel the Difciples were called
Brethren from their fincerity of love ; Saints from the
purification of baptifm ; Faithful from that orthodox truth
which they profefTed and hope in Christ, (Col. i. 2 ;)
all other names are but as a trail of golden beams to beau-
tify that which contains them all — Chriftians, (a name
given in the tenth year after the Afcenfion by revelation
of God.)
Feel, feel the pulfe of your own confcience, tell me if it
do not beat diforderly ? Doth it not confufe you to call
to mind that this infidelity hath betrayed you to the temp-
tation of Satan more than all his fnares befide ? that def^
perate courage which you afFume to yourfelves upon fbme
hope of impunity, is it not the fpar to all tranfgreffions ?
God is gentle and of long fufiering. His menaces ore ter*
Appendix • i6i
rible> but His dearly beloved Son, and our only Saviour
is merciful. His loving-kindnefs is foon entreated. This is
a badard faith of our own to fubvert the true faith which
is begotten by the Spirit, a diabolical infufion that God
doth menace out of policy that which He never meant to
make us obfequious by the fhadow of His fcourge.
If all the maledidlions againft impenitents were not in-
dubitably to be expected, Chriftianity were but faint-
hearted fuperftition ; religion nothing but panic fear ; faith
not the evidence of things to come, but a devifed fable ;
and the facred Scriptures in all penalties and threatenings,
a vizard of mockery. But as fin brought punifhment
upon us, fo let the certain expedlation of it bring us out of
(in. What God hath threatened will not be declined by
our contrary opinion. Though Christ fhed His blood
to fave a (inner, God will not lie to fave a finner.
All our proteftations and promifes of amendment of any
fault that are retrograde, ceafe, and become nothing, will be
the mod terrible witnefs againft us in the Day of Judg-
ment.
A little warning tinle at the lateft of all may be worth
much time. (Deut. xxxii. 50.)
If God made epitaphs, the ftones of the Church fhould
not be guilty of fuch flattery as they are.
A fmall trefpafs is taken more unkindly at their hands
where grace abounds, than a great profanation from the
heathen. As waters are Hill and fhallow near the fpring
head, but run with the fwifter current as they are farther
ofFj fo the indignation of Divine juftice which begins calmly
in the Church which is near to God, will increafe more
violently among the outcails of Satan among whom at lafl
it will end.
Indead of our prayers early and late as a morning and
evening facrifice, difTolute men and women think a fhort
"good night" will ferve the turn as they go to bed.
M
1 62 Appendix.
God will be honoured either in our converiion or in our
confufion, as His mercy is glorified in deliverance^ {q His
juftice will be exalted in punifhment.
The larger proportion of affliflions ufually falls upon
them that can more patiently Aiffer them.
God's grace leads a penitent man along by the hand
in the narrow way of righteoufnefs, but if he begin to
think that he can go along without a fupporter, when he
thinks he hath one foot in heaven, he ihall be thrown
down to hell.
It is too vulgar that every little crofs will make us fall
into a bitter expoflulation.
Every notable punifhment that a finner incurs in the
eyes of all the world, it is a pillar of fait unto the wife to
make them cautious.
No man would be an unrepentant finner to-day but
that he hopes for to-morrow. No man can be fo def-
perate to fin fo fafl but that he thinks his age runs away
but flowly. The Devil knows there is no way to advance
his kingdom but to fet a falfe glafs before us that we have
long to live.
Againfl death we cannot fortify ourfelves, againfl the
fuddennefs of death we may.
The peremptory denunciation upon pain of death not
to eat of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, was a
pure edidl of authority, to let the befl of all bodily crea-
tures know to what fervice and homage they were born.
He that fees the finger of authority held up, fees reafon
enough to obey.
A fingle exception is the fmallefl exception that can be
made, and let them feel the fmart that cannot conform
thcmfelves to thofe things which are of fuch eafy obfcrva-
tion. Adam and Eve flumbled where there was nothing
to make them ^11, that is, they violated a law which was
Appendix. 163
neither burdenfome in ftriflnefs, nor in multitude of cir-
cumflances. The negative commands of the lavir are more
obvious to usy more ready in our power to obey them than
the affirmative*
We dream o^ difficulties, we cry out againfl incurable
temptations, when there is no fuch matter. I know there
are royal laws in Scripture fit for heroic virtue, — to blefs
them that perfecute you, to pull down every high imagina-
tion, to quench all the fparks of concupifcence, to lay down
our life for Christ's fake. God doth juflly weigh both
the durenefs and the weight of thefe commands, and our
infirmity to fulfil them. He {ttA us drive for maflery in
thofe combats, and admires the fortitude of His Saints,
but in other things it is as (Irange how quickly our faint-
nefs and eafinefs is fubdued. (Exodus xiii. 19.)
A good example is the faireft tranfcript of God's will
tinted in capital letters, fo that he that runs may read.
This is the true celebration of the holy days of the beft of
God's children to tread their footfleps as they have gone
before us unto everlafting life.
Faith is the eye of all religion.
The wealth of this city b not fo great but the indigency
and diftrefs of the poor is as great. The poor are not
fuperfluous helps of the State, they are not fuch as can be
wanted and fpared. The honourable perfbn ftands as
much in need of the drudgery of the labouring man, as
the labouring man (lands in need of the reward of the rich.
As for fimilitude, — the elm tree is green at the top with
the beauty of her own boughs and leaves, but it is green
at the bottom by the ivy that clafps and leans upon it. I
give the top and chief abundance in this fimilitude to your
own abundance, but then there is beauty in it indeed
when it is a fhadow to refreih the low fhrubs beneath ;
and the blue coat wherewith you clothe the fatherlefs is
more precious in God's fight than your own fcarlet. Your
halls for feveral companies fet out with all magnificence
and cods are not fuch (lately buildings in God's eyes as
164 Appendix^
are your Hofpitals, Bethlems, and foch pioas houles for
the crazy and difeafed.
The King of Kings fits upon a throne that is drckd
about with a rainbow. A rainbow was His firft cove-
nant which He made to fpare the world, and reafbn good
that His throne fliould be compafTed about with mercy.
The glory of the Gofpel is like Goo's rainbow in the
clouds, not only a beautiful, but a merciful token ; a bow
with the firing towards the earth, fo that it is not prepared
to fhoot arrows againfl us.
Reverence at the Name of Jesus is more negleded in
London Churches than elfewhere in the country.
Conventicles are the obflrudions of unity, and the decay
of allegiance and loyalty.
God is the conferver of the little remainder, the multi-
plier of the total feminary ; give thanks for the remainder
preferved, befpeak their increaie for the time to come.
If foreign wits do not miflake us Englifh, they defame
us fharply that we want public fpirits, and are commonly
carelefs of the common good.
Let our charity infer that God makes the bed of their
ficknefs be long and tedious that had need of large repent-
ance, and takes them away fuddenly that are befl prepared.
What have they to do with prayer that have no fcllow-
fhip with holy pradlice ? To come before God with a
lapfiil of fins and a mouthful of prayers is a motley facri-
fice.
When your fpirit is heavy and cafl down with defpair,
prayer will make it rebound from earth to heaven. That
may be foon done if we have a mind to it. It is as eafy
to fay Our Father Which art in heaven, as it is to fee
heaven which is always in our fight. If your place and
calling uke up much of your time, let your prayers be
compendious, well filled with matter, a holy breathing.
Appendix. 165
Speak home and be flrong in fenfe. But beware of high
looks and high words^ beware of fliffjointa. Put yourfelf
back in great dlftance from the Lord that you may the
better behold Him in His eiccellent greatnefs ; keep fet
and appointed times for that purpofe, for to pray only
when you are at leifure^ is to give God the woril of the
day, your fpare and idle time.
Every man can fooner fin than tell what it is. When
we talk of it, then it grows upon us ; when we forget it,
it increafeth more ; when we hate it, then we fin becauie
we do not hate it as we ought. Since its efience is con-
federate with death and punifhment. Sin is not always
the moving caufe of God's chaflifements, but fometimes
the trial of an heroic faith, fo it was in Job ; fometimes
the confirmation of grace, fo it was in S. Paul.
Woe unto the world becaufe of fcandals. Mark how
many ages, how much ground our Saviour compafieth in,
one age is but an hourglafs of time, thefe will lie in our
memory for ever. Many offences had never been com-
mitted, or elfe brought forth by an evil generation long
after, unleft an evil author had made the way known and
eafy for our corrupt nature, therefore thefe (the Shilonlte's
fons. Core, Ananias, Gehazi,) had their portion fuddenly,
and drank the cup of God's fury unto the dregs thereof.
Why is therie one day of judgment, fince there have been
a thoufand long ago both for glory and condemnation ?
becaufe though corruption have feized thee in the grave,
and fo much of thy dud remain not as may offend a ten-
der eye. yet thy fins may live, and he that looks upon
them may conceive fpots like the flocks of Jacob. I do
not excufe thefe tender ones that turn a fore eye more
carefully from the fun which would make it fmart, than
from an ill example that will caft a dark fhadow on the
fouL
It is a good meditation that the foul of that man, let it
confult with itfelf, will never attain to a perfect peace
that made another fin. I am reconciled unto God in
1 66 Appendix •
Jesus Christ. Could I wifli any more? Yes, I fliall
ever be unrefolved whether he be reconciled unto God
by repentance, whom I entangled by my occafion. Un-
happy are the faints of God if they rob His kingdom of
any that (hould reign for company. Like Achan, parents
of tranigreilions, like Achan periih not abne in their
iniquity.
The rich eloquence of fome lawyers, that is a golden
tongue that can dafh law againil law, and break all as
eafily as a cupboard of glafles. It is grown an art among
pleaders to be a good accufer. He that can aggravate a
crime well, is in good hope to be a thriving pra^tifer.
Jofeph of Arimathea built his tomb like a bird's neft in
his garden, in remembrance that a trefpafs committed in a
garden was the firft occafion of tombs and epitaphs ; and
is it not ufual to this day to caft up our graves after the
fimilitude of beds in gardens ?
Look upon God's threatenings as upon fome curious
pi£^ure, which in thy fancy feems to look upon thee only.
The fear of common calamity is moft often forgot in every
man's private fecurity.
Fortune never flood long upon a pinnacle.
Our vices are fure to fall down upon the head of fuch
only as are deareft to us.
Christ was born in the night. His agony in the garden
took hold on Him by night, when the world was in a deep
fleep. His own difciples drowfy, and could not watch with
Him one hour. He fufiered when the fun was darkened.
He arofc out of the fepulchre before any body was flirring
in the morning. Even to fhow that we were dumb and
^W paflive in all the work of our redemption.
The luxury and voluptuoufnefs of our feafb in many
families do reach to midnight, and then we think we have
kept Chriflmas when we fit down to eat and drink, and
rife up to play.
Appendix. 167
Divinity is nothing elfe but a trafbite of admiration.
We fhall meet all together, all in the fame livery,
clothed with bodies of youth according to the meafure of
our Saviour's age.
Our Saviour was born when a ftill peace was over all
the world, on Whitfunday He poured out His Holy
Spirit upon them that were of one accord and of one
heart. The one was the firft aft upon earth, the other is
His laft; then He was clothed with our flefh, now we
are invefted with His Spirit.
God foresees iniquity in us becaufe we will be evil ;
but we are not made evil becaufe He forefees it.
Providence is the ordaining of all things. to a good, but
predeftination is the ordaining of God's choien portion to
a bleifed end.
Impious men may execute that which God is content
fliould come to pafs, and yet they do nothing le& than
obey God.
All things that were, that are, that fhall be, are prefent
to God at one inftant ; thofe fucceffions of time pafl, pre-
sent, and to come, which are difierences to us, are none
at all to God. His knowledge which is eternal, reacheth
with one fimple aft even to the producing of efiedb in
time without all variation.
God will at laft wind up all thofe things that appear
moft difproportionable to His honour, to the high ad-
vancement of His glory.
One part of our body being tainted with the poifon of
fin, traduceth its corruption to another.
By His charity Christ condemned covetoufnefs, by
His charitable prayers for His enemies, implacable re-
venge, by the price, for which the Holy One was bought
and fold, facrilege, by His crown of thorns, ambition,
by the humility of His crofs, pride, by His gall and
1 68 Appendix.
vinegar, luxury, by His patience, impatience, by His in-
finite love, envy.
If antiquity and clear evidence do both concur, which
lights but {eldom, what mean and contemptible begin*
nings {hall you find of thofe nations and republics upon
whole glory the heavens have (hined with the moft pro-
pitious influence. Upon what flight and almoft ridiculous
occafions titles of brave eflimation did grow into credit,
it holds in them all that Almighty God, willing to advance
religious honour above fecular, hath blurred the fecular
honour with one of thefe three diminutions,— either it has
no glorious beginning, for it is new ; or it cannot ihow
it, for it is obfcure ; or it dare not fliow it, for it is coarfe
and mean.
Superfluity of hearing is a cloak of diflimulation, and
hath bred a confumption of pra6lifing. It is a humour
to grow too familiar with that which is told too often $ a
decent diflance and intermiflion would breed more rever-
ence and attention.
Every religious ezercife fliould be too long by a preface.
There is a fatiety of all things, and to exceed a juft
proportion even in that which is good, it is blameful and
vicious; too much juflice is rigour, too much temperance
is difeafeful, too much love is troublefome, but to give
God the glory, it is a duty unto which we are bound with
an infinite devotion, if it were poffible, even as He is infi-
nite, fo that we cannot fill up the meafure, much lefs are
we able to exceed it.
He that defpifeth the gifts of God in his fellow-fervants,
be aflured he is not the man that gives God the glory.
Nothing was fo fcorched in hell as the proud tongue of
Dives.
Glory is the fire that kindles virtue when it provokes
virtue to good achievements, but when glory b^ts no-
thing but the defire of glory, it is but chUdifli popularity.
Appendix. 169
All gluttony is the corruption of true glory, but to flatter
a man in his vices is a facrilege againft virtue.
When we come to Christ's Holy Supper, unlefs we
carry up our heart unto Him by flrong devotion, and pre-
fume that we fee that very Body which was crucified for
U3 before our eyes, we pollute the Sacrament for want
of faith.
Truth is leaft fufpcfted when it is not varnifticd over
with policy.
Repentance is the refurreflion of the foul from the death
of iin.
True love efteems it fwcet to fuffer for His fake to
Whofe memory their afleflion is conflantly devoted.
In the fanflification of the Lord's Day we are tied
only to fuch reft as (hall adorn and beautify our worfhip
of God upon that day.
Devotion without fuperftition is the moft heavenly
thing in the world.
The power of God is His will.
Baptifm is the Sacrament of moft neceility, and the
Lord's Supper is the Sacrament of perfedlion.
Refurreflion is the edge of valour and fortitude, there
can be no courage without it. In afllirance of it there is
no fting, there is no terror in our diflblution.
It is a juft reward of wicked inftruments that they are
always fufpe£led, always fecretly hated by thofe that prac-
tife with them.
Our life is full of falie forrows and falfe joys, we laugh
when we have no caufe to be merry, and we weep when
we have no caufe to be fad.
Curious mufic upon coftly inftruments is an admirable
alarm for devotion in cathedral and collegiate places.
170 Appendix.
where fuch as are wife and fkilfal do come together to
enjoy it.
What profit is it to keep holy day with men, if we
fhould be excluded from keeping holy day with angels for
evermore ?
When the foul extends its defires to things that are
worfe than its own fubftance, (fo is every thing that we
behold with our bodily eye,) it muft needs return home
lefs untb itfelf, and be juftly defpifed of God Whom we
talk to in our prayers as if we were perfuaded He was in
heaven, and yet fo bufy we are in aftion beneath as if we
fought our God in earth. In a word, by penetrating fb
far into thefe corruptible objefts, you have excommuni-
cated your foul from the Church of Saints, for that Jeru-
ialem is above.
It is not good for a child to be too much feared by
preceptors and governors, fuch nipping weather is an
enemy to a flourifhing fpring.
God's Church hath increafed more by the love of God
than by the terror which He fcnt in the old time j but
when perfecutions were rife, it increafed more by the
terrors of man than by their love.
They that run far into the thought to profper in the
increment of the earth, cannot decline from being Servants
to the times, to occafions, to ignoblenefs, to the manners
of iniquity.
Forafmuch as the Church is our mother, we muft carry
that venerable duty towards her, that great heed mufl be
had to her determinations of faith, not as if it were the
rule of truth that is the prerogative of Sacred Scripture^
but becaufe it holds out the rule of truth, and the miniftry
thereof is the condition, fubordinate under God, to find
oiit truth. In pofitive laws of rites and ceremonies men's
private fancies mufl give way to the higher judgment of
the Church, which is in authority a mother over them.
And do not fay you are an obedient child, fince you do
Jppendix* 171
that which your Heavenly Father requires, why not
alfo what your fpiritual mother requires ? fince one hath
nothing repugnant to the other. The uniform pra6lice
and general judgment of all God*s fervants that went
before us is a certain and undoubted explication of
all theft points contained in Scripture that concern our
falvation.
Nature, as it is good and perfefl, taught us to love our-
(elves, fond and corrupt nature taught us to love ourfelves
too much ; it is felf-love to our own perfon that perfuades
us other men (in and we pay the ranfom.
Every afflidion that gainfays the pleafure and content of
nature is iirfl a punifhment, then it is a medicine or falve
to cure you as you ufe it. Why fhould I fear to pay the
price of thofe fins which are not mine ? poor fubjefls have
loft their lives in the king's iniquities, the children for the
fathers', the family with the mailer. At this time God
called them all to die, who were bound for their own
fins to die at any time. As the greatefl unity of the
Triumphant Church above doth confift in the glory
which they enjoy together in the fight of God, fo our
unity of the militant Church below is to fufier and die
together. It is that which muft combine the fouls of
Chrifiians.
He that is exquifite in defcribing the ruin of any man,
hit invention fmells of tyranny.*
If aspiring after promotion brought no other mifchief
but this one to the foul, it were enough to condemn it,
that it carries a man into a ftrange land, quite into another
region far difiant from humility, and from godly forrow
and repentance.
A ftomach that is invincible to the Divine wrath, is a
iymptom of madnefs and not of courage.
The conftitution of Lent began not until fuch time as
the perpetual fobriety of the primitive Chriftians began to
be unimitated.
172 . Appendix.
They that did firft difbibute apt times and feafons oi
the Charch for the fervice of God, contrived forty days
together in Lent for religions fervice and humiliation, a
long time of peHeverance that vre might be perfect in the
lefTon.
The devout man fafb to give his foul the true bias of
penance and mourning, and to teftify before heaven and
earth that nothing (hall comfort him but the mercy of
God Whom he hath ofiended.
Mourning of the heart is not a punilhment but a gift of
God to be endured with godly forrow, and all His gifb
put together make a treafure of felicity.
On Church holidays you give yourielves over to cefla-
tion from work, it may be to fports, and games, and in-
terludes, the fields fhall be all day full of loofe perfbns,
and the houfe of the Lord empty. Bear this in mind,
that the rubric days in the almanac do prefigure that
celeftial condition wherein being mixed with angels, we
fhall fing Halleluias to the Lamb for evermore, having no
worldly toil or vexation' to di(lra6l us.
Obferve, ye that would keep a good Chriftmas, the
glory of God is the beft celebration of His Son's nativity ;
and all your paftimes and mirth, which I difallow not,
but rather commend in moderate ufe, mufl fo be managed
without riot, furfeiting, excefiive gaming, pride, and vain
pomp, in harmleffnefs, in fobriety, as if the glory of the
Lord were round about us.
The liable wherein Christ was born was fo beautified
for the time with the light of Heaven which did fhine in
the place, that a palace of beaten gold could not feem to
be half fo rich and precious.
A multitude flocked after Christ in the wildemefs,
verily it is to eat of the loaves and fifhes, not for the doc-
trine's fake; a multitude followed Him into the high
priefl's hall, and the whole rabble cried out, ** liCt Him
Appendix. 173
be crucified." A body of foldicrs watched His fepulchre,
and belied His refurredlion ; a multitude was in Bethle-
hem at His nativity, and there was no room for Him in
the inn.
The Angel appeared unto the fhepherds in the fame
parcel of ground where Jacob ilept^ and in his dream fa w
Angels afcending and defcending upon the ladder. There
flood the firfl altar that was ever called the Church of
God.
Mark the equity and indifference of the Son of God
both to Jew and to barbarian. He was conceived among
the Gentiles at Nazareth, brought forth into the world
among the Jews at Bethlehem, lived at Galilee of the
nations, but died at Jerufalem.
Upon the pleafant fruitfulnefs of the fields the happy
news are fhowered down as if the dawning of this bright
day ihould change all the earth into another paradife.
They that have gone about to cafl up the number think
that as many have loft their lives for the profeflion of
righteoufnefs in the time of the Gofpel, as there were
beafts in the old law ilain for facrifice before the altar.
Christ was annunciated by the Angel both at the in-
creafe of the year, and at the increafe of the day.
The faints in this world behold the fecrets of the Divine
Nature as if it were in the imagination of a dream. We
muft believe without appoifing the articles of our faith to
the balance of reafon, and then though we fee darkly in a
glafs, we are children of the day, but if we will fcan the
fecrets of God by the fcruples of human wifdom, then is
our day turned into night.
•
Upon His very crofs* whereon He hanged. He ftood like
a Judge between the nocent and the innocent.
A man never fares worfe than when he is his own
carver. No greater infelicity can betide us than when we
have our own wifhcs.
174 Appendix.
It is a pitiful and indeed a difhononrable praile to point
oat a man and fay he is reli^ous, devout, or confcionable
as the world goes.
Let none walk and ftrut it in the body of the church
while others are at their prayers in the quire, they are
more bold and familiar with God than welcome.
Good works have no intrinfical worth or vaJoe to claim
eternal life, but through the gracious promile of God cfaej
are ordained unto it. Faith is an ambulatory thing, it
hath no reft till it fee God, and walks from one degree to
another, from righteoufnefs to righteoufnefs, and never
ftands fUll but in the clear viiion of the beatifical eilence,
it walks no more, but ftands before the face of the Loan
for ever.
The moft horrible fins that are do ufually come to pais
through fullen melancholy. Shall every elegancy, mirth,
and pleafurable recreation in the world be checked for
wanton and abominable? Such cenlbrious four-looking
Phariiees of all the reft of the Jews did leaft pleafe our
Saviour. A good Chriftian may walk before God with
a cheerful merry heart. Happy are they that can fufier
tribulations for God's Name without repining, and no kis
happy are they that drink of the brook in the way of
comforts and pleafures without furfeiting.
The very comfort of heaven was dreadful and unpkt-
fant to men in the Old Teftament, and our nature is fUU
corrupted, the vefiel is ftill unclean that receives thelc
bleifings, and therefore we are afraid of the great mer-
cies of the Lord as well as of the great punifhmencs.
Ever fince the Son of God vouchfafed to take fiefli in
the womb of Mary, it is not a fign of death to fee any
part of God's glory, but a good ominous pafifage of ever-
lading life.
No man is further from heaven becaufe he doth heartily
confefs himielf a miferable finner that deferves the con-
demnation of hell fire.
Appendix. 175
God made His Son to be fin for us, not a (inner, but a
facrifice for fin ; fo He was made not accurfed but a curie,
a facrifice of maledi6lion for our fakes.
We fhould be afraid, not with an immoderate fear, not
with a defperate damning fear, which dogs a fullen unre-
pentant finner up and down, but there is a pious rever-
ential fear which well becomes the faints. There can be
no true worfhip of God without a folicitous and moft
anxious care not to difpleafe His Majefly. This is it to
whofe perfeftion we muft afpire to live juftly and foberly
though there were no hell at all, but purely out of the
principle of love and zeal to the honour of our Heavenly
Father. What a becoming thing it is unto religion to
approach to divine prayers, efpecially to the Table of
the Lord with an awful duty, as if we were afraid to
fpeak to God, or to touch the crumbs of His heavenly
banquet.
Faith is the parent both of a cloudy fear, and a fmiling
hope. If there be not a mixture of fear with our love it
falleth afleep, it waxeth fecure, and lofeth her beloved.
If the comfort of our joy be not allayed with fome fear,
it is madnefs and prefumption ; if our fear be not inter-
mixed with the comfort of fome joy, it is fullennefs and
defperation.
A filial fear which loves God for His own goodnefs, is
like a bright day which hath not a cloud to disfigure it ; a
fervile fear that dreads God becaufe it dreads the wrath to
come, is like a day that is overcad with clouds, but it is
clearer than the fairefl moonfhine night.
Christ had all pafiions and human infirmities under
fubje6Bon, fo that He could be caft into no conflemation
but when His own will did confent and accord unto it,
yet He chofe a fit time to cafl Himfelf into a great agony
of fear when He fweat drops of blood in the garden, left
we fhould think it a fin at all times to be afraid upon jufl
occafions.
176 Appendix*
The mark which God let upon Cain was a continual
trembling at the fight of man and beaft.
For fear of fome lofs or harm it approacheth unto God,
and that is a religious fear, or elie for fear of foaie harm
it forgets God and deparceth from Him, and that is a
criminous and finful fear. The devil feels fbme horror that
gnaws and torments him, but he feels not the bleilii^ of
that fear which fhould difcipline him from fin and amend
him. Saints in their fear fell towards God and towards
the throne of His footftool, but the ungracious fervants of
the high priefl went backward and fell to the ground.
There are mountebanks in divinity that will promife
many forts of remedies to a iin-fick foul where there is
none at all.
Let vices be threatened, but let the hope that accom-
panies true repentance go together ; let judgment he put
home to the obdurate confcience, but let mercy be an ad-
vocate for the broken in heart ; let the flriftnefs of the
law and the curfe thereof fetch a tear from our ^yts, but
let the ranfom of fin be fet before us, and that Christ
will wipe all tears from our eyes.
Miniflering fpirits, when the Eternal Son commands,
could not abhor the fhapes of men, they appeared every
way in the fame form and fafhion wherein we walk upon
earth. Yet thus we diftinguifh them from ourfelves;
their bodies were created, their ftibflance made extraordi-
narily not according to nature, but by the finger of God ;
their bodies which they afTumed had not vivification by
the breath of life, but only ferved them for motion and
reprefentation ; they had ears, eyes, and other fenfible
organs, not to exercife thefe lenfes, but for an ornament
and complement's fake, left their bodies fhould feem mon-
flrous and formidable to the beholders. Their bodies,
after they had appeared to difcharge their embaffi^,
vanifhed into elements never to return again into that
compofition. There are prophetical vifions in Holy Writ
when the fancy of certain prophets was perfuaded it law
Appendix. 177
that which it did not fee. (Ezek. i. ; Dan. viii.) The
apparition of angels to the fhepherds and at Sodom was
not imaginary but fublbntial.
Our firft difobedience was occafioned by a tree, our
redemption was purchased upon the tree of the Crofs.
We were wounded by the appetite of Eve, we were
healed by the womb of Mary. An evil fpirit tempted us
to our lofs, and a good fpirit was zealous to be an inftru-
ment of our reftitution.
Angels make one congregation with us. Where then is
your reverence, your bodily humiliation when you come
to God's houie ? Do all things with decency and well
beieeming devotion, for the angels are our invifible aiToci-
ates, and are by to witnefs.
All creatures had fome participation and interefl in the
Incarnation. Man did (hare in Him in his own fez and
perfon, women in the womb that bare Him ; poor men
in the fhepherds, great ones in the fages of the eafl, the
beads by the liable wherein He was born, the earth in
the gold that was offered, the trees in the myrrh and
frankincenfe, the heavens in, the Ibr that blazed, and
angels were in His train.
Christ was manifefted to the fhepherds by an angel,
to the wife men by a Har, to Simeon and Anna by the
Holy Ghost. Simeon and Anna waited and ezpedled
every day the falvation of Ifrael, and therefore the Holy
Ghost told them fecretly in their hearts as foon as the
Babe was brought into the temple ; the fhepherds were
Jews, and the law was delivered by the miniflration of
angels ; the magi were aflronomers, and better knew the
courfe of the flars ; and the book of the creature was fit to
teach the Gentiles.
Some are bold to fay that this white glorious cloud
which dazzled the fhepherds, afterwards being compared
into one body, it made that blazing flar which went be-
fore the wife men from the eafl; unto Bethlehem.
N
178 Afpemdix^
The law was no other than a candle under a bulhel,
but the Gofpel is a light as great as the fan in the firma-
ment, a candle upon a hill, and the Catholic Church over
all the world is the candleftick to hold it.
At the execution of many martyrs unfpeakable gladneis
was revealed unto them from above in their fiery trial,
the fiery flame which confomed them was like the l^t
and (hining of an angel to folace them.
»
The Lord can dete6l that idolatry which we keep cloie
in our hearts. His knowledge fhineth in the darknefs of
our hearts as if it were light. Are you in your wits that
think iniquity is far from judgment becaufe it is farther
from appearance ? The earth fhould be more innocently
walked on to and fro becaufe Christ hath trod upon it ;
our bodies kept clean in chaftity, becaufe He hath sdTumed
our nature and bleifed it. Wicked men are groping to find
out mifchief though God have hid it out of the way.
The Saints and Angels are in a date of light, wherein they
know as they are known perfectly, partaking of the beatifical
viflon. Between thefe two there is a middle condition of
godly men who (ee into the way of righteoufnefs though
it be darkly as in a glafs, but they that drefs them by a
glafs, can difcern how to mend anything that mifbecomes
them.
In the imagination of our faith Christ feems to be
offered up again fo often as we remember His death and
pailion in the Sacrament.
In the beginning was the Word, and no word can utter
how It was made fle(h in time. The eternal Creator was
made Man of the fubftance of a woman, and yet His
hands did make and fafliion the fubftance of His mother.
The Word by which the world was made became an
Infant in the cradle and could not fpeak. He that bears
up the pillars of the earth was borne in the arms of Jofeph
and carried into Egypt. The Infinite Majefty that hath
made the bounds of heaven and earth, being Himfelf
Appendh. 179
without bounds or circumfcription, was bound with
Twaddling cloths and laid in a manger.
Beauty is that which attra£b afiedlions to it, fo the
Apoftles are faid to be beautiful becaufe they drew the
world unto them.
In Mount Tabor Christ in vifible fplendour, the Fa-
ther in the Voice, the Holy Ghost in the bright cloud
did manifeft themfelves.
While we pray, not the fafhion of our countenance,
but the fafhion of our heart (hall be altered.
It was a greater miracle to reflrain the apparition of His
glory at any time, than to have it always dwell upon His
face ; for blefled fouls which enjoy God always have a
virtue of claritude in them, which redounds of its own
accord into the body.
The transfiguration was intended to make up our com-
plement of joy touching the refurredion of the body, and
to fink it deeper in our hearts, that this brightfome altera-
tion did not confume the fpirit but the body ; His rai-
ment was white and gliflening, which is no more than
the fhroud of the body. In this miracle appeared that
God can add a celeflial and beauteous form unto a body
fo that the fun in all his brightnefs fhall not come near it.
It was not fuch a brightnefs as the foul fhall communicate
to the body when it is reunited in a joyful refurreflion,
but was created at this time by the Divine power to fore-
tell and fhadow what would come to pafs with much in-
creafe in the kingdom of God, this was but the landfkip
or pattern of the true happinefs which fhall be therein ;
neither was S. Stephen's irradiation any more than a pre-
parative of the refurredlion.
All the light which is in this world is but like a glow-
worm to the day in rcfpeft of that mirror of marvellous
light in the heavenly Jerufalem, where millions of millions
of faints fhall be gathered together, and tvtry faint fhall
x8p Appendix,
fhine more fweetly and xnajeiUcally than the whole glpbe
of the fiin. What a ravifhing objefl will this be !
The transfiguratioD in the Saviour's connteoance did
portend light of grace in this world, light of gbry in the
next, and light of mercy and comfort in. refped onto
them both.
As the face of Christ did bear the greateft ihare of
ignominy at His Paifion, fo the honour of His trRnsfignra-
tion did light upon it> rather becauie God's reward (hall
make amends in tv^ty kind for the defpite of Satan.
Two did concur to the beauty of His raiment, a white-
nefs mixed with no fliadow, a light bedimmed with no
darknefs.
Enoch lived a married life, Ellas was a virgin, to
(how that continency in marriage and virginity Hiall
both be glorified in the great day of the refurre£tion.
Exod. xxxiii. 23, meaning that the eye of man could
not fee His Divinity, but he fhould have the honour to
fee Christ incarnate, the out parts or the veil of the God-
head.
Elias came down from whence he was afcended before,
and Mofes rofe up from whence he was defcended before.
Christ Jesus was the iirft of them that rofe from the
dead, Whofe glorified body entered into the higheft places.
By Mofes are reprefented ail thofe faints whofe bodies
from the beginning of the world to the end lie buried in
the dull. By Elias are underdood all that ihall be found
at Christ's fecond coming living upon the earth, and both
fhall be fummoned to appear before Him.
We have but one truth, our hearts and afiedions inqft
be all of one mind ; there is but one faith, one Chaist,
one Baptifm, there mufl be one Church and one taber-
nacle. Emulation and fchifm comes of it to nuke more
tabernacles than one.
Diftin£Hon of nam«s in churches and oratories is for
variety's fake, and to take away confufion, fometimcs by one
fiunt, fometimes by all the faints, fometunes known only
by the name of the founder, fometimes fome famous work
denominates them, as the rcfurredUon or wifdom. We
ereft tombs of remembrance as unto men whofe fpirits
live with God for ever.
S. Peter difcerned thofe to be Mofes and Elias whom
he had never fcen before, by that gift of grace whereby
every faint (hall know all the focicty of faints by name
after the refurredlion.
There is nothing fo devoid of harm which will not
affi-ighten the ftoutefl flomach if God dire6l it for fear, a
ftill voice, a noife, the figure of a man's hand, a whip of
fmall cords.
A (hady cloud oppofed itfelf before the Apoftles' eyes
becaufc we are not fit nor worthy to behold pure happi-
nefs in thefe days of vanity.
The devil himfelf doth not envy us knowledge, but he
does envy us obedience.
When God doth cover any thing with a miraculous
fliadow, it promifeth that the Divine Providence is round
about it.
We Have two regenerations or new births, a fpiritual
and eternal. The fpiritual regeneration which begets us
again to life when by nature we were dead in fin, is bap-
tifm ; the eternal regeneration is the refurredlion of the
body.
When Apoftles faw their Mafter and the two Prophets
enter into the clouds, and themselves left apart, they
were afi-aid they fhould be quite feparated from Christ
and thofe glorified Saints.
The ignorant doth not liften when God calls; the
wilful and perverfe will, not hear what is taught, if it rub
1 82 Afpendix.
ap his confcience and ofiend hixn ; the dillraded man can-
not liften when God calls.
Not the bare hearing, bat the frnt which comes by
hearing, is acceptable to Him Who gives the reward.
He that maketh his own brain the model of iiis religion,
ihall have little thanks for his forwardneis.
Heaven is fo large and fpaciousj that it is fit to admit
divers quarterings and manfions in it; the archangel's
throne, the angel's palace, the blefled ieats of the faithful
fince Christ's afcenfion, the refrigerium of the faithfiil
before His afcenfion, a tabernacle allotted for Enoch and
£Uas. There are divers dories of glory built one above
another, there are outward courts of glory, and inward
chambers.
As the king's coin is flamped on both fides, fb the Gof-
pel, like a piece of current metal, is engraved on one fide
with the ancient teflimony of the Law, on the other fide
with the flrong predi6tions of the Prophets.
The devil himfelf was aihamed of upflarts when they
came to be broachers of their own fancies.
This is the peevifhnefs of our human folly to yearn for
tidings from the dead, as if a fpirit departed could declare
anything more evidently than the Book of God which is
the fure oracle of life. The mind is compofed with quiet-
nefs to hear the living. The apparitions of dead men, be-
^dt the fufpicion of delufion, would fill us with ghalUy
horror, and it were impoffible we fhould be fit fcholars to
learn if fuch flrong perturbations of fear ihould be upon
us. For the fpirits of damnation there is no re-paffi^
for them, and it makes more to ftrengthen our belief that
never any did return from hell to tell us their woeful tale,
than if any ihould return. It is among the fevere pains of
damnation that there is no indulgence for the fmalfef(
refpite to come out of it.
It is a mournful fight to fee any place excel the Church
in pre-eminence and magnificence, not as if the Lord did
favour us for fair walls and roofs without a fair iniide, but
it iignifies the Almightinefs of God when we honour Him
with the befl; and chiefeft of all outward things, and it
makes our zeal fhine before men, that we love our Hea*
venly Father better than*all the wealth of the earth.
As fome men have their cuftoms not to give, fo un-
doubtedly God hath His cuflom not to reward.
A dropping imaginary thing like a dew cloud is all the
glory upon earth.
When controverfies about fome difficile points of di-
vinity have rather begot rage in the minds of men than
obedience and devotion, it hath been the religious care of
godly magiflrates in all ages to interdifl thofe difputes on all
udes, that peace might enfue, and diflenfions by little and
little be forgotten. A confeffion of truth out of time and
ieafon doth rather hurt than edify.
Obedience is a great virtue even in the fmalleft things,
and they that are fubjefl to obey mufl; not examine with
what little prejudice a fmall command may be broken, but
rather confider with what great ea(e it may be kept.
The reed was fet in the hand of Christ to pen the
iacrilege of His enemies.
Mercy and clemency are ftronger than lions to fupport
the crown of the king.
Herod clothed our Saviour in a white fhining robe,
Pilate made it purple, to ezprefs that His foul was white
with innocency, and His body dyed purple with paflion ;
as Solomon fpoke myftically of Christ, He was the white
lily of the valley in His fandlified life, the red rofe of
Sharon in His bloody fufTerings. The teflimony of His
love-was enamelled or engraven in every part of His body.
Though He was received with palm branches and
fhotttings, yet He wept upon Jerufalem to coniider their
fins ; at the transfiguration He is all glorious and rejoiceth
for our fakes to hear the commemoration of His own
ibrrows*
ti ft4iA^rj%ti^ Appendix. ' " -
' All enemies were come about our Sayiour. on tJic
Crofs, and had the foil, only death hovered aloof and
durft not approach, therefore when all things were accom-
plifhed, Christ nodded with His head and called death
unto Him.
The Scripture varies the name of death in good words^
a deceafe out of a country of captivity, a tranquil reft, a
found fleep, fometimes the title of an exaltation.
The days of this life are called thoufands of days, the
life of glory is called one day; thefe are called thoufands
for their mutability, that is called one for the unchang^
able eternity.
I have read of Lazarus and fome others raifed to life,
that their foul had feen a little of the happinefs of the liib
to come, and being brought again into the body, they
were never feen to laugh or fmile, either becaufc they
knew better than others that there was no true joy upon
earth, or becaufe they were melancholy to have their hap-
pinefs interrupted.
A righteous man's death is like the cherubim Handing
before the garden of Eden, that with one blow lets him
into Paradife.
For S. John to live to fuch an extreme old age was his
martyrdom.
Danger is the bed: fentinel in the world to make as
watch our enemies. Fear is the beft warning-bell to call
us often to prayer. Tribulation is the beft orator to per-
fuade us to humility.
The greateft of all things is a heart that defpifeth all
the greateft things which are in the world beneath.
It was no difcreet choice in S. Peter to defire toifit
down as it were in the half way under a golden canopy^
and not to run out unto the end where the reward was
to be received.
Abbot, Anhbilhop, 41, 149.
A£onti*e, 115.
Alien Priories, 61.
Allen, Jama, (50.
AUcf, BiOiop, JO.
Amind, St., John, 16.
Amyrald, Molci, 64.
Andtewet, BidiDp, 10, 17, ig,
19, II, 4a, 9!.
Annt, QoHD, HiclceC'l lines
Apartments, 137.
Archbold, Henrf, So, ijo.
ArcenrioDi, 5«.
Bicon'i EOajn, edited by Hac-
ket, 141.
Bmer, Mr., 75, 150.
BcllumiDe, Cud., 41, I4S.
Belli of Lichfield, 130, 137.
Bennet, Fnnca, 17.
Bidding Prifcr, too.
Billingney, John, 111.
Birkbeck, Stephen, iS.
BiOiap'a Hoftel, 113-116,
1)0.
Blonde), S3.
Bookfellera in Paul'i Cbutch-
yard and Little Britain, ;].
Bourne, Richard, 150.
Boutefetii, 45.
BraTin^llS.
Bridgeman, Dove, 17.
Brooke, Lord, 15, 79.
Brownrigg, Klhop, 33, 44, 61,
69.
Bull, Biiliap, Anecdote of, 6S.
Bu^a, A., III.
Burgcli, Cmielius, 45, 61.
Byron, John, Lord, 15.
r, Sir I., 5..
nr, Edmund, 45.
Cahmy,I
Cambridge, College IJfe at, in
the i7Ch Century, 14; I^yt
at, 16; Dreliit, iG.
Camden, Mr., 16; hii MS.
Hift. of Jam«L,ie, 14S.
Cafaubon, Ilaac, jS.
Cajaubon, Meric, 59.
Channel Row, 117.
Chanting and Choral Service,
+9-
Chaplain, Francis, 150.
CharoiulK, 73.
Cheam, Reftora of, 11.
<• Christian Confohtiong" attri-
buted CO Hackee, 141.
Clare Hall, Hackei's btotfac-
XS6
Indix,
Commiiiioners for fettling peace
in the Church, 43.
Complimental, 28.
Comyns, Chriftopher, 120.
Corroborate, 138.
Cofin, Biihop, 142.
Cotton, Sir Robert, 105.
Cranmer, Archbiihop, 91.
Creighton, Bifhop, 17, 134.
Davenant, Biihop, 109.
Davenport, Maria, 141.
Deodatus, J., 64.
^ Dillingham, Dr., 69.
jCk)a4-l83- Dod, John, 63,
i Drolling, Ii5<
Dyott, Matthew, fon of Ri-
chard, 25.
Dyve, Theophila, 152.
J^ Ecclefhall Palace, 88.
evv44^ I Encyclopedy, 95.
* Epicurize, 25.
Epifcopius, Simon, 64.
EfTex, Earl of, 66.
Evelyn*s mention of Hacket,
99.
Facete, 115.
Farrer, Nicholas, 149. *
Faftidious, 3.
Featley, Daniel, 44.
Fiiher, Bifhop, 30.
Flaunting, 4.
Fleetwood, Arthur, 150.
Fletcher, Bifliop, 10 1.
Fractious, 66.
Frampton, Biihop, 126.
Frewen, Archbifliop, 75, 126.
Fuller*8 opinion of Hacket, 91,
151.
Funeral Sermons, 30.
1
Gloves given as prefents, 31.
Gowrie*B Confpiracy, 2 1.
GreiWold, Henry, Przcentor of
Lichfield, 88.
Grew, Obadiah^ 12^1.
Grotius, H., 64.
Hacket, Andrew, the Biihop*s
^ther, 6, 17, 147.
Hacket, Biihop, born in the
Strand, Sept. i, 1592, 5 ; his
pride in being a Londoner,
7 ; educated at Weftminfter,
9; becomes Scholar, 1609,
Fellow, 1 614-5, ^^ Trinity
College, Cambridge, 13 ; his
pupils, 15, 147; is Subledor
Tertius, 1617, 13, 147; is
ordained by Biihop King, of
London, 161 8, 17 ; Vicar of
Trumpington, 1 6 ; writes lines
on the death of (^een Anne,
16 ; Chaplain to Archbiihop
Williams, 18; Reaor of
Stoke-Hammond, 1622, 19 ;
Kirkby-Underwood, 162 1,
20 ; Pro^r for Lincoln Di-
ocefe, 20; becomes B.D.,
1623, ^^ 9 Chaplain to James
L, 21; Redor of S. An-
drew's, Holborn, 1624, 21 ;
Cheam, 22 ; is twice mar-
ried, 27 ; Prebendary of Lin-
coln, 1623, 32 ; Archdeacon
of Bedford, 163 1, 32 ; Pre-
bendary of S. Paufs, 1642,
74 ; his love of a country
life, 24 ; and fbrdgn travel,
25; becomes D.D., 16289
27 ; Commiiiioner for Caufes
Ecclefiaitical, 1625 and 1633,
25 ; his care to bring his
pariihioners to Sacraments
and prayers, 28 ; his love of
Pfalmody, 29 ; promotes the
reitontion of S. Andrew's,
Holborn, 37» 39 ; opinion iof
rebellion, 46 ; pleads for Ca-
thedrals before Parliamtsl^
1640, 47 ; his courage in the
pulpit, 64 ; his device in bu-
rying a Puritan, 65 ; tjeAed
from S. Andrew*s, 164.5,
Index.
187
66y 1 50 ; retires to Cheam,
67, 69 ; his correfpondence
from Cheam, 69; attends
the* Earls of Holland and
Nonvich after their fentence,
69} preaches before the
Commiffioners at Croydon,
1660, 73 ; contributes as a
Refidentiary to the reftora-
tion of S. PauVs, 1662, 74 ;
Coadjutor in the Savoy Con-
ference, 1661, 76; Confe-
crated Biihop of Lichfield,
Dec. 22, 166 1, 76 ; his re-
ception at Coventry, 77 ; re-
ftores his Cathedral, 80 ; and
confecrates it, Chriftmas Eve,
1669, 81, 150; gives new
fbtutes, 88; his diflike of
long hair in the Clergy, 92 ;
his seal in his Confi£b>ry
, Court, 93 $ his primary Vi-
fitation, 96, 127 { his zeal In
preaching, 98 ; his learning,
90$ his diflike of marriage
after divorce, 11 1 ; his motto,
115; his clurityand muni-
ficence, 123 ; Letters to Tri-
nity College, 123, 124; Cor-
refpondence with Archbiihop
Sheldon, 127-130; his fhi-
dles, 133 ; his dealings with
Nonconformifb, 121 ; died
Od. 28, 1670, 138 ; buried
Nov. 16, at Lichfield, 140;
his will, 141 ; his works,
141, 151 ; his epitaph, 144.
Hacket, Sir Andrew, 80, 126,
i|0, 140.
Hacket, Anne, 152.
Hacked Elizabeth, 152.
Hacket, Gufbvus, 1 52.
Hacket, John, 152.
Hacked Mary, 1 52.
Hacket, Theophila, 152.
Hall, Biihop, 33, 44.
Hanifon, Richsu'd, 150.
Harrifon^ Thomas, 12.
Harvey, Dr., 70.
Haugouft, 117.
Henihaw, Bifhop, 142.
Herbert, George, 11, 12, 147.
High Holbom a fafhionable
quarter of London, 24.
Hill, Thomas, 45.
Holbom, S. Andrew's, Re^is
of, 39-
Holdfworth, Dr. Richard, 23,
45, 62, 132.
Holland, Earl of, 69.
Hooker, Richard, 41, 148.
Horn bock, 63.
Hough, John, 150.
Hutchinfon, John, 152.
Hutchinfon, Elizabeth, 141,
152.
Hutton, Archbifhop, 107.
Inculpable, 160.
Ireland, Richard, 10^ 147.
Jackfon, Dr. Thomas, 149.
ames I., 21,26; at Cambridge,
16.
Jeffreys, Dr., 62, 132.
ones. Sir W., 31.
onion, Ben, 151.
King, Bp. John, 17.
King, Bp. Henry, 41, 76,
149.
Langton, Bp., 140.
Lafcivioufnefs, 137.
Laud, Archbifhop, 32, 42, Joo.
Layfield, Dr. E., 74.
Lichfield Cathedral, refbradon
of, 80.
limber, 159.
Lindfey, Earl of, 97.
Lifle, John, 142.
Lively, Edward, 13, 70.
Loyalift Clergy eje&d, 66.
Loyola, the play of, 16, 25,
148.
Lucripetoui, 122.
i88
Index,
L]rttletDn*ty Lord, opinion of
Hacket, 122.
Marlhall, Stephen, 45.
Martin, Sir H., 38.
Martyr, Peter, 91.
^^jjl/tf^^ Micklethwait, Paul, 34.
•^ l^jjl Montaigne, Archbifliop, 39.
/ More, Dr. Henry, 104.
Morley^ Bifliop, 142.
Morton, Bifliop, 43, 62.
Moulin, Peter du, 59.
Neale, Archbifliop, 42.
Neville, Dr., 12.
Nicfaolfon, Biihop, 75, 76.
Norton, Sir Thomas, 77.
Norwich, Earl of, 69.
Overall, Bifliop, 35.
Parafiront, 129.
Paurs, S., refloration of, 39.
Pearfon, Bifliop, 125.
Pepys* mention of Hacket, 99.
Perfehoufe, Humphrey, 82,
142.
Plague of 1625, 39.
Play fere, Thomas, 12.
Plume, Thomas, vii., 69.
Portraits of Hacket, 134, 135.
Potts, Sampfon, 150.
Powel, Mr., 77.
Prideaux, Bifliop, 44.
Primrofe, Dr. Gilbert, 59.
Pritchett, Bifliop, 74.
Prophecy, fpirit of, not extind,
42, 149.
Qoinquarticalar Controverfy,
109.
Rathbone, John, 150.
Ravis, Bifliop, 100.
RefedionS, 130.
Richardfbn, Dr. John, 13.
Ridley, Biihop, 30.
Riland, Archdeacon, 77.
Robuftioufneis, 158.
Root and Branch Petidon, 45.
«
S. John's College, Cambridge,
Hacket*8 benefa^ons to,
123, 130.
S. PauPs, pro£mation of, 72,
150.
Salmafius, 63.
Sanders, Nicholas, 59.
Sanderfon, Bifliop, 44.
Saravia, I&drian, 58, 150.
Saucinefs, 94.
Saflimas, 67.
Scattergood, Dr., 140.
Scocheon, 40.
Scrinia Referata, 141.
Selden, 42, 66, 105, 134.
Senhouie, Bifliop, 22.
Service in Lichfield Cathedial,
131.
Sharked, 131.
Shaw, William, 150.
Sheldon, Archbifliop, 76, 81,
85, 142.
Shoe Lane, Churchyard in, 39.
Shute, Tofiah, 34, 43.
Shute, Nathaniel, 34.
Sign of the Crofs, 107.
Simfon, Dr. Edward, 13.
Siqttis door at S. Paul's, 33.
Spelman, Sir H., 40.
Spenfer, Hacket's lines on, 141.
Standing at prayer, 107.
Stebbing, Elizabeth, 27.
Stebbing, Henry, X42«
Stewart, Dean, 42.
Sufih>n^ 129.
Supcrexquifiteneis, 49.
Theological Ledures in Cathe*
drals, 51.
Thomdike, Herbert, xo, 18,
26, 70.
Tranfmigradon, 139.
Trinity College, Cambridge, 13,
S3> "3-
Index.
189
Turner, Dr. Thomas, 74.
Twifs, Dr., 44.
Univerfity Library, Cambridge,
Hacket*B gifts to, 123.
Ufher, Archbifhop, 35, 43, 70,
Voifilut, Gerard J., 59, 63.
Walcott, John, 13, 15a.
Walcott, Beatrix, 152.
Ward, Dr. Samuel, 44, X09.
Weftfield, Biihop, 43.
White flag, the, 115.
White garments in Holy Bap-
tifm, 106.
White, John, 43, 47.
Whitgift, Archbifhop, 14, lOi.
Williams, Archbilhop, 12, x8,
43, I4x>, 141.
Wolfeley family, 129, 142.
Wolfeley, Anne Frances, 142.
Wood, Dean, 120.
Wren, Bifhop, 32,41,42, 129,
148.
Wriothefley, Henry, Earl of
Southampton, 22.
Wriothefley, Thomas, 22, 37.
J. MASTKXS AND SON, PRINTERS, AL0ER8GATE STRRIT, LONDON.
BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
I.
i:be Englijh Ordinal^ its Hiftory, Validity ^ and Catholicity.
2.
William of Wykebam and bis Colleges : llluftrated.
3-
Memorials of Weftminfter : Illuftrated.
•4-
Churcb and Conventual Arrangement : llluft rated.
5-
Cathedrals of the United Kingdom.
6.
Minfters and Abbey Ruins of the United Kingdom.
7-
Interior of a Gothic Minfter.
8.
Hiftory of the Priory of Auftin Canons ^ ^rift church
Twyneham, Hants, i^ WUn^
9-
Cathedralia^ a Conftitutional Hiftory of the Cathedrals of
the Weftern Church. (In the frefs.)
lO.
Memorials of Chichefter : Illuft rated. (In the prefs.)
^
f
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